对C++ TR1 regular expressions的简单使用

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本文通过实例介绍了C++ TR1正则表达式的使用方法，包括搜索、匹配、检索匹配项、替换字符串及设置大小写不敏感等操作。

2011-02-19 wcdj

[1] regex_search
[2] regex_match
[3] Retrieve a Match tr1::cmatch
[4] regex_replace
[5] Case-insensitive std::tr1::regex_constants::icase

#include <iostream> #include <string> #include <regex> #include <cassert> using namespace std; int main() { string str = "Hello world"; tr1::regex rx("ello"); // [1] regex_search //assert( regex_search(str.begin(), str.end(), rx) ); if (regex_search(str.begin(), str.end(), rx)) { cout<<"find it!"<<endl;// ok } else { cout<<"not find!"<<endl; } // [2] How Do I Do a Match? regex_match str = "Hello world"; rx = "ello"; if (regex_match(str.begin(), str.end(), rx)) { cout<<"find it!"<<endl; } else { cout<<"not find!"<<endl;// ok } // [3] How Do I Retrieve a Match? tr1::cmatch res; str = "<h2>Egg prices</h2>"; rx = "<h(.)>([^<]+)"; tr1::regex_search(str.c_str(), res, rx); cout << res[1] << ". " << res[2] << "/n";// 2. Egg prices // [4] How Do I Do a Replace? regex_replace str = "Hello world"; rx = "world"; string replacement = "planet"; string str2 = std::tr1::regex_replace(str, rx, replacement); cout<<str2<<endl;// Hello planet // [5] How Do I Make a Regular Expression Case-insensitive? str = "My name is wcdj"; tr1::regex rx2("WcdJ",std::tr1::regex_constants::icase); //assert( regex_search(str.begin(), str.end(), rx) ); if (regex_search(str.begin(), str.end(), rx2)) { cout<<"find it!"<<endl;// ok } else { cout<<"not find!"<<endl; } str = "My name is wcdj"; tr1::regex rx3("WcdJ"); //assert( regex_search(str.begin(), str.end(), rx) ); if (regex_search(str.begin(), str.end(), rx3)) { cout<<"find it!"<<endl; } else { cout<<"not find!"<<endl;// ok } return 0; }

参考：
[1] Quick Start for C++ TR1 Regular Expressions
http://www.codeproject.com/KB/string/TR1Regex.aspx
[2] Getting started with C++ TR1 regular expressions
http://www.johndcook.com/cpp_regex.html