Reading Notes on NS2(4)

本文介绍NS网络模拟器的使用方法及过程,包括两个编程层次:基于OTcl编程和基于C++及OTcl编程;并详细说明了一次模拟实验的八个步骤。

使用NS进行网络模拟的方法和一般过程

 

[1] NS模拟的两个层次
两个层次为:
(1)基于OTcl编程的层次
利用NS已有的网络元素实现模拟,无需对NS本身进行任何修改,只要编写OTcl脚本。
(2)基于C++和OTcl编程的层次
如果NS中没有所需的网络元素,就需要首先对NS扩展,添加你所需要的网络元素。这就需要利用前面所提到的分裂对象模型, 添加新的C++类和OTcl类,然后再编写OTcl脚本。

[2] 进行一次模拟的步骤
假设用户已经完成对NS的扩展或者NS所包含的构件已经满足了要求。
(1)开始编写OTcl脚本。
首先配置模拟网络拓扑结构,此时可以确定链路的基本特性,如延迟、带宽和丢失策略等。
(2)建立协议代理,包括端设备的协议绑定和通信业务量模型的建立。
(3)配置业务量模型的参数,从而确定网络上的业务量分布。
(4)设置Trace对象。Trace对象能够把模拟过程中发生的特定类型的事件记录在trace文件中。NS通过trace文件来保存整个模 拟过称。仿真完成后,用户可以对trace文件进行分析研究。
(5)编写其他的辅助过程,设定模拟结束时间,至此OTcl脚本编写完成。
(6)用NS解释执行刚才编写的OTcl脚本。
(7)对trace文件进行分析,得出有用的数据。也可以用Nam等工具观看网络模拟运行过程。
(8)调整配置拓扑结构和业务量模型,重新进行上述模拟过程。

The Network Simulator, Version 3 -------------------------------- Table of Contents: ------------------ 1) An overview 2) Building ns-3 3) Running ns-3 4) Getting access to the ns-3 documentation 5) Working with the development version of ns-3 Note: Much more substantial information about ns-3 can be found at http://www.nsnam.org 1) An Open Source project ------------------------- ns-3 is a free open source project aiming to build a discrete-event network simulator targeted for simulation research and education. This is a collaborative project; we hope that the missing pieces of the models we have not yet implemented will be contributed by the community in an open collaboration process. The process of contributing to the ns-3 project varies with the people involved, the amount of time they can invest and the type of model they want to work on, but the current process that the project tries to follow is described here: http://www.nsnam.org/developers/contributing-code/ This README excerpts some details from a more extensive tutorial that is maintained at: http://www.nsnam.org/documentation/latest/ 2) Building ns-3 ---------------- The code for the framework and the default models provided by ns-3 is built as a set of libraries. User simulations are expected to be written as simple programs that make use of these ns-3 libraries. To build the set of default libraries and the example programs included in this package, you need to use the tool 'waf'. Detailed information on how use waf is included in the file doc/build.txt However, the real quick and dirty way to get started is to type the command ./waf configure --enable-examples followed by ./waf in the the directory which contains this README file. The files built will be copied in the build/ directory. The current codebase is expected to build and run on the set of platforms listed in the RELEASE_NOTES file. Other platforms may or may not work: we welcome patches to improve the portability of the code to these other platforms. 3) Running ns-3 --------------- On recent Linux systems, once you have built ns-3 (with examples enabled), it should be easy to run the sample programs with the following command, such as: ./waf --run simple-global-routing That program should generate a simple-global-routing.tr text trace file and a set of simple-global-routing-xx-xx.pcap binary pcap trace files, which can be read by tcpdump -tt -r filename.pcap The program source can be found in the examples/routing directory. 4) Getting access to the ns-3 documentation ------------------------------------------- Once you have verified that your build of ns-3 works by running the simple-point-to-point example as outlined in 4) above, it is quite likely that you will want to get started on reading some ns-3 documentation. All of that documentation should always be available from the ns-3 website: http:://www.nsnam.org/documentation/. This documentation includes: - a tutorial - a reference manual - models in the ns-3 model library - a wiki for user-contributed tips: http://www.nsnam.org/wiki/ - API documentation generated using doxygen: this is a reference manual, most likely not very well suited as introductory text: http://www.nsnam.org/doxygen/index.html 5) Working with the development version of ns-3 ----------------------------------------------- If you want to download and use the development version of ns-3, you need to use the tool 'mercurial'. A quick and dirty cheat sheet is included in doc/mercurial.txt but reading through the mercurial tutorials included on the mercurial website is usually a good idea if you are not familiar with it. If you have successfully installed mercurial, you can get a copy of the development version with the following command: "hg clone http://code.nsnam.org/ns-3-dev"
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03-08
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