Python生成随机验证码,需要使用PIL模块.
安装:
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pip3
install pillow |
基本使用
1. 创建图片
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from PIL import Image img = Image.new(mode = 'RGB' ,
size = ( 120 , 30 ),
color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) #
在图片查看器中打开 #
img.show() #
保存在本地 with open ( 'code.png' , 'wb' )
as f: img.save(f, format = 'png' ) |
2. 创建画笔,用于在图片上画任意内容
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img = Image.new(mode = 'RGB' ,
size = ( 120 , 30 ),
color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img,
mode = 'RGB' ) |
3. 画点
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img = Image.new(mode = 'RGB' ,
size = ( 120 , 30 ),
color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img,
mode = 'RGB' ) #
第一个参数:表示坐标 #
第二个参数:表示颜色 draw.point([ 100 , 100 ],
fill = "red" ) draw.point([ 300 , 300 ],
fill = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) |
4. 画线
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img = Image.new(mode = 'RGB' ,
size = ( 120 , 30 ),
color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img,
mode = 'RGB' ) #
第一个参数:表示起始坐标和结束坐标 #
第二个参数:表示颜色 draw.line(( 100 , 100 , 100 , 300 ),
fill = 'red' ) draw.line(( 100 , 100 , 300 , 100 ),
fill = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) |
5. 画圆
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img = Image.new(mode = 'RGB' ,
size = ( 120 , 30 ),
color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img,
mode = 'RGB' ) #
第一个参数:表示起始坐标和结束坐标(圆要画在其中间) #
第二个参数:表示开始角度 #
第三个参数:表示结束角度 #
第四个参数:表示颜色 draw.arc(( 100 , 100 , 300 , 300 ), 0 , 90 ,fill = "red" ) |
6. 写文本
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img = Image.new(mode = 'RGB' ,
size = ( 120 , 30 ),
color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img,
mode = 'RGB' ) #
第一个参数:表示起始坐标 #
第二个参数:表示写入内容 #
第三个参数:表示颜色 draw.text([ 0 , 0 ], 'python' , "red" ) |
7. 特殊字体文字
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img = Image.new(mode = 'RGB' ,
size = ( 120 , 30 ),
color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img,
mode = 'RGB' ) #
第一个参数:表示字体文件路径 #
第二个参数:表示字体大小 font = ImageFont.truetype( "kumo.ttf" , 28 ) #
第一个参数:表示起始坐标 #
第二个参数:表示写入内容 #
第三个参数:表示颜色 #
第四个参数:表示颜色 draw.text([ 0 , 0 ], 'python' , "red" ,
font = font) |
图片验证码
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import random def check_code(width = 120 ,
height = 30 ,
char_length = 5 ,
font_file = 'kumo.ttf' ,
font_size = 28 ): code = [] img = Image.new(mode = 'RGB' ,
size = (width,
height), color = ( 255 , 255 , 255 )) draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img,
mode = 'RGB' ) def rndChar(): """ 生成随机字母 :return: """ return chr (random.randint( 65 , 90 )) def rndColor(): """ 生成随机颜色 :return: """ return (random.randint( 0 , 255 ),
random.randint( 10 , 255 ),
random.randint( 64 , 255 )) #
写文字 font = ImageFont.truetype(font_file,
font_size) for i in range (char_length): char = rndChar() code.append(char) h = random.randint( 0 , 4 ) draw.text([i * width / char_length,
h], char, font = font,
fill = rndColor()) #
写干扰点 for i in range ( 40 ): draw.point([random.randint( 0 ,
width), random.randint( 0 ,
height)], fill = rndColor()) #
写干扰圆圈 for i in range ( 40 ): draw.point([random.randint( 0 ,
width), random.randint( 0 ,
height)], fill = rndColor()) x = random.randint( 0 ,
width) y = random.randint( 0 ,
height) draw.arc((x,
y, x + 4 ,
y + 4 ), 0 , 90 ,
fill = rndColor()) #
画干扰线 for i in range ( 5 ): x1 = random.randint( 0 ,
width) y1 = random.randint( 0 ,
height) x2 = random.randint( 0 ,
width) y2 = random.randint( 0 ,
height) draw.line((x1,
y1, x2, y2), fill = rndColor()) img = img. filter (ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) return img,''.join(code) if __name__ = = '__main__' : #
1. 直接打开 #
img,code = check_code() #
img.show() #
2. 写入文件 #
img,code = check_code() #
with open('code.png','wb') as f: #
img.save(f,format='png') #
3. 写入内存(Python3) #
from io import BytesIO #
stream = BytesIO() #
img.save(stream, 'png') #
stream.getvalue() #
4. 写入内存(Python2) #
import StringIO #
stream = StringIO.StringIO() #
img.save(stream, 'png') #
stream.getvalue() pass |