ANDROID语音识别示例

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#adnroid #语音 #代码 #案例 #源码

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本文介绍了一个简单的示例程序，展示了如何在应用中集成语音搜索功能。包括如何检查语音识别应用的可用性、启动语音识别过程及处理结果。

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我们现在通过一个小的示例程序展示如何在应用中使用语音搜索。

我们的应用需要完成以下任务：

收到语音识别请求
检查语音识别应用的可用性
如果语音识别可用，然后调用意图并接收结果
如果语音识别不可用，然后会显示一个安装 Google 语音搜索的会话，并将用户重定向至 Google Play。

首先，我们需要创建一个类，为语音识别实现逻辑。调用类 SpeechRecognitionHelper，此时我们需要声明一个静态的公共函数 run()，该函数将收到一个启动识别的请求：

 
    01/**

 * A helper class for speech recognition 

 */ 

public class SpeechRecognitionHelper { 

    05 

    06/**

     * Running the recognition process. Checks availability of recognition Activity, 

     * If Activity is absent, send user to Google Play to install Google Voice Search. 

    * If Activity is available, send Intent for running. 

     * 

     * @param callingActivity = Activity, that initializing recognition process 

     */ 

    public static void run(Activity callingActivity) { 

        // check if there is recognition Activity 

        if (isSpeechRecognitionActivityPresented(callingActivity) == true) { 

            // if yes – running recognition 

            startRecognition(callingActivity); 

        } else { 

            // if no, then showing notification to install Voice Search 

            Toast.makeText(callingActivity, "In order to activate speech recognition you must install \"Google Voice Search\"", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); 

            // start installing process 

            installGoogleVoiceSearch(callingActivity); 

        } 

    } 

    25}

如您所见，除 run() 函数之外，我们还需要执行三个函数：

isSpeechRecognitionActivityPresented — 检查语音识别应用是否存在于系统中
installGoogleVoiceSearch — 初始化 Google 语音搜索安装进程
startRecognition — 准备适合的意图并运行识别

为了检查设备是否有语音识别应用，我们可以使用类 PackageManager 中的 queryIntentActivities 方法。该方法列出了可以处理指定意图的各种活动。为了接收 PackageManager 的一个实例，我们可以使用 getPackageManager。

我们的代码如下所示：

isSpeechRecognitionActivityPresented

 
    01/**

     * Checks availability of speech recognizing Activity 

     * 

     * @param callerActivity – Activity that called the checking 

     * @return true – if Activity there available, false – if Activity is absent 

     */ 

    private static boolean isSpeechRecognitionActivityPresented(Activity callerActivity) { 

        try { 

            // getting an instance of package manager 

            PackageManager pm = callerActivity.getPackageManager(); 

            // a list of activities, which can process speech recognition Intent 

            List activities = pm.queryIntentActivities(new Intent(RecognizerIntent.ACTION_RECOGNIZE_SPEECH), 0); 

    13 

            if (activities.size() != 0) {    // if list not empty 

                return true;                // then we can recognize the speech 

            } 

        } catch (Exception e) { 

    18 

        } 

    20 

        return false; // we have no activities to recognize the speech 

    }

现在执行 startRecognition 函数。该函数为启动语音识别活动提供适合的意图。如欲了解有关该过程的详细信息，请查看文档页。

源代码：

 
   /** 

     * Send an Intent with request on speech  

     * @param callerActivity  - Activity, that initiated a request 

     */ 

    private static void startRecognitionActivity(Activity callerActivity) { 

    06 

        // creating an Intent with “RecognizerIntent.ACTION_RECOGNIZE_SPEECH” action 

        Intent intent = new Intent(RecognizerIntent.ACTION_RECOGNIZE_SPEECH); 

    09 

        // giving additional parameters: 

        intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_PROMPT, "Select an application");    // user hint 

        intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_LANGUAGE_MODEL, RecognizerIntent.LANGUAGE_MODEL_WEB_SEARCH);    // setting recognition model, optimized for short phrases – search queries 

        intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_MAX_RESULTS, 1);    // quantity of results we want to receive 

    14//choosing only 1st -  the most relevant 

    15 

        // start Activity ant waiting the result 

        ownerActivity.startActivityForResult(intent, SystemData.VOICE_RECOGNITION_REQUEST_CODE); 

    }

最后，我们需要执行 installGoogleVoiceSearch。该函数将会显示出一个会话，询问用户是否需要安装 Google 语音搜索，如果用户同意，则将其转至 Google Play。

 
    01/**

     * Asking the permission for installing Google Voice Search.  

     * If permission granted – sent user to Google Play 

     * @param callerActivity – Activity, that initialized installing 

     */ 

    private static void installGoogleVoiceSearch(final Activity ownerActivity) { 

    07 

        // creating a dialog asking user if he want 

        // to install the Voice Search 

        Dialog dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(ownerActivity) 

            .setMessage("For recognition it’s necessary to install \"Google Voice Search\"")    // dialog message 

            .setTitle("Install Voice Search from Google Play?")    // dialog header 

            .setPositiveButton("Install", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {    // confirm button 

    14 

                // Install Button click handler 

                @Override 

                public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { 

                    try { 

                        // creating an Intent for opening applications page in Google Play 

                        // Voice Search package name: com.google.android.voicesearch 

                        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse("market://details?id=com.google.android.voicesearch")); 

                        // setting flags to avoid going in application history (Activity call stack) 

                        intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_HISTORY | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_WHEN_TASK_RESET); 

                        // sending an Intent 

                        ownerActivity.startActivity(intent); 

                     } catch (Exception ex) { 

                         // if something going wrong 

                         // doing nothing 

                     } 

                }}) 

    31 

            .setNegativeButton("Cancel", null)    // cancel button 

            .create(); 

    34 

        dialog.show();    // showing dialog 

    }

大致就是这样。我们运行语音识别活动。然后请求用户的许可，安装语音搜索并在取得用户同意之后将其转至 Google Play。我们还需要做的一件事就是收集语音识别的结果。

我们使用 startActivityForResult 函数发送一个请求，收集已启动活动的结果。我们还需要在我们的意图调用程序活动中重新定义一个OnActivityResult 方法。按照以下方式进行定义：

 
    01// Activity Results handler

    @Override 

    public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { 

    04 

        // if it’s speech recognition results 

        // and process finished ok 

        if (requestCode == SystemData.VOICE_RECOGNITION_REQUEST_CODE && resultCode == RESULT_OK) { 

    08 

            // receiving a result in string array 

            // there can be some strings because sometimes speech recognizing inaccurate 

            // more relevant results in the beginning of the list 

            ArrayList matches = data.getStringArrayListExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_RESULTS); 

    13 

            // in “matches” array we holding a results... let’s show the most relevant 

            if (matches.size() > 0) Toast.makeText(this, matches.get(0), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); 

        } 

    17 

        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data); 

    }