通过在表中及POJO中增加一个version字段来表示记录的版本,来达到多用户同时更改一条数据的冲突
数据库脚本:
create table studentVersion (id varchar ( 32 ),name varchar ( 32 ),ver int );
POJO
package Version; public class Student ... { private String id; private String name; private int version; public String getId() ... { return id; } public void setId(String id) ... { this .id = id; } public String getName() ... { return name; } public void setName(String name) ... { this .name = name; } public int getVersion() ... { return version; } public void setVersion( int version) ... { this .version = version; } }
Student.hbm.xml
<? xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" > <!-- Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse - Hibernate Tools --> < hibernate-mapping > < class name ="Version.Student" table ="studentVersion" > < id name ="id" unsaved-value ="null" > < generator class ="uuid.hex" ></ generator > </ id > <!-- version标签必须跟在id标签后面 --> < version name ="version" column ="ver" type ="int" ></ version > < property name ="name" type ="string" column ="name" ></ property > </ class > </ hibernate-mapping >
Hibernate.cfg.xml
<? xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' ?> <! DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd" > <!-- Generated by MyEclipse Hibernate Tools. --> < hibernate-configuration > < session-factory > < property name ="connection.username" > root </ property > < property name ="connection.url" > jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/schoolproject?characterEncoding=gb2312& useUnicode=true </ property > < property name ="dialect" > org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect </ property > < property name ="myeclipse.connection.profile" > mysql </ property > < property name ="connection.password" > 1234 </ property > < property name ="connection.driver_class" > com.mysql.jdbc.Driver </ property > < property name ="hibernate.dialect" > org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect </ property > < property name ="hibernate.show_sql" > true </ property > < property name ="current_session_context_class" > thread </ property > < property name ="jdbc.batch_size" > 15 </ property > < mapping resource ="Version/Student.hbm.xml" /> </ session-factory > </ hibernate-configuration >
测试代码:
package Version; import java.io.File; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.Set; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.Transaction; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; public class Test ... { public static void main(String[] args) ... { String filePath = System.getProperty( " user.dir " ) + File.separator + " src/Version " + File.separator + " hibernate.cfg.xml " ; File file = new File(filePath); System.out.println(filePath); SessionFactory sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure(file).buildSessionFactory(); Session session = sessionFactory.openSession(); Transaction t = session.beginTransaction(); Student stu = new Student(); stu.setName( " tom11 " ); session.save(stu); t.commit(); /**/ /* * 模拟多个session操作student数据表 */ Session session1= sessionFactory.openSession(); Session session2 = sessionFactory.openSession(); Student stu1 = (Student)session1.createQuery( " from Student s where s.name='tom11' " ).uniqueResult(); Student stu2 = (Student)session2.createQuery( " from Student s where s.name='tom11' " ).uniqueResult(); // 这时候,两个版本号是相同的 System.out.println( " v1= " + stu1.getVersion() + " --v2= " + stu2.getVersion()); Transaction tx1 = session1.beginTransaction(); stu1.setName( " session1 " ); tx1.commit(); // 这时候,两个版本号是不同的,其中一个的版本号递增了 System.out.println( " v1= " + stu1.getVersion() + " --v2= " + stu2.getVersion()); Transaction tx2 = session2.beginTransaction(); stu2.setName( " session2 " ); tx2.commit(); } }
运行结果:
Hibernate: insert into studentVersion (ver, name, id) values (?, ?, ?) Hibernate: select student0_.id as id0_, student0_.ver as ver0_, student0_.name as name0_ from studentVersion student0_ where student0_.name='tom11' Hibernate: select student0_.id as id0_, student0_.ver as ver0_, student0_.name as name0_ from studentVersion student0_ where student0_.name='tom11' v1=0--v2=0 Hibernate: update studentVersion set ver=?, name=? where id=? and ver=? v1=1--v2=0 Hibernate: update studentVersion set ver=?, name=? where id=? and ver=? Exception in thread "main" org.hibernate.StaleObjectStateException: Row was updated or deleted by another transaction (or unsaved-value mapping was incorrect): [Version.Student#4028818316cd6b460116cd6b50830001]
可以看到,第二个“用户”session2修改数据时候,记录的版本号已经被session1更新过了,所以抛出了红色的异常,我们可以在实际应用中处理这个异常,例如在处理中重新读取数据库中的数据,同时将目前的数据与数据库中的数据展示出来,让使用者有机会比较一下,或者设计程序自动读取新的数据
注意:如果手工设置stu.setVersion()自行更新版本以跳过检查,则这种乐观锁就会失效,应对方法可以将Student.java的setVersion设置成private