用NSMutableAttributedString实现设置UILabel指定文字的格式(颜色，字体大小等)

最新推荐文章于 2021-12-29 12:44:10 发布

damon2989

最新推荐文章于 2021-12-29 12:44:10 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/damon2989/article/details/45100363

这篇博客介绍了如何在iOS开发中利用NSMutableAttributedString来实现UILabel中关键字的高亮显示，包括设置颜色、字体大小等格式。通过创建NSMutableAttributedString实例并设置属性范围，可以方便地完成文字样式的需求。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

最近项目有个需求是搜索关键字下拉框，带补全功能，比如输入c，弹窗tableview显示c，维生素C。。。等，然后把关键字c(C)设置颜色高亮

具体实现如下：

- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath

{

static NSString * cellIdentifier = @"cellIdentifier";

UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:cellIdentifier];

if (!cell) {

cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:cellIdentifier];

}

cell.textLabel.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:16];

cell.textLabel.textColor = myTextColor0;

//设置关键字的颜色

NSString *textString =[self.datasource nameForCompleteCell:indexPath.row];

//都转换成小写，再找到搜索关键字self.noteStr在整个字符串的位置rangeself.noteStr在整个字符串的位置range，达到忽略大小写的效果

NSString *textStringLow = [textString lowercaseString];

NSString *noteStrLow = [self.noteStr lowercaseString];

NSRange _range= [textStringLow rangeOfString:noteStrLow];

NSMutableAttributedString *noteString = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:textString];

if (_range.location != NSNotFound){

[noteString addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:kThemeColor range:_range];

}

[cell.textLabel setAttributedText:noteString] ;

UIView *line = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 44, self.frame.size.width, 0.5)];

line.backgroundColor=HexRGB(0xcccccc);

[cell addSubview:line];

return cell;

}

拿到整个要显示的字符串textString和关键字self.noteStr，都转换成小写（中文没影响），然后找到self.noteStr在textString中的位置_range

实例化NSMutableAttributedString对象noteString，把noteString中_range范围的文字改成需要的格式，然后把noteString用setAttributedText:方法设置进cell显示，done！！！

关于NSMutableAttributedString的用法，引用另一个博主的文字：

http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/reylen/article/details/41208747

在iOS开发中，常常会有一段文字显示不同的颜色和字体，或者给某几个文字加删除线或下划线的需求。之前在网上找了一些资料，有的是重绘UILabel的textLayer，有的是用html5实现的，都比较麻烦，而且很多UILabel的属性也不起作用了，效果都不理想。后来了解到NSMuttableAttstring（带属性的字符串），上面的一些需求都可以很简便的实现。

1. 实例化方法和使用方法

实例化方法：

使用字符串初始化

- (id)initWithString:(NSString *)str;

例：

NSMutableAttributedString *AttributedStr = [[NSMutableAttributedStringalloc]initWithString:@"今天天气不错呀"];

- (id)initWithString:(NSString *)str attributes:(NSDictionary *)attrs;

字典中存放一些属性名和属性值，如：

NSDictionary *attributeDict = [NSDictionarydictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:

[UIFontsystemFontOfSize:15.0],NSFontAttributeName,

[UIColorredColor],NSForegroundColorAttributeName,

NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName,NSUnderlineStyleSingle,nil];

NSMutableAttributedString *AttributedStr = [[NSMutableAttributedStringalloc]initWithString:@"今天天气不错呀" attributes:attributeDict];

- (id)initWithAttributedString:(NSAttributedString *)attester;

使用NSAttributedString初始化，跟NSMutableString，NSString类似

使用方法：

为某一范围内文字设置多个属性

- (void)setAttributes:(NSDictionary *)attrs range:(NSRange)range;

为某一范围内文字添加某个属性

- (void)addAttribute:(NSString *)name value:(id)value range:(NSRange)range;

为某一范围内文字添加多个属性

- (void)addAttributes:(NSDictionary *)attrs range:(NSRange)range;

移除某范围内的某个属性

- (void)removeAttribute:(NSString *)name range:(NSRange)range;

2. 常见的属性及说明

NSFontAttributeName 字体

NSParagraphStyleAttributeName 段落格式

NSForegroundColorAttributeName 字体颜色

NSBackgroundColorAttributeName 背景颜色

NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName删除线格式

NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName 下划线格式

NSStrokeColorAttributeName 删除线颜色

NSStrokeWidthAttributeName删除线宽度

NSShadowAttributeName 阴影

更多方法和属性说明详见苹果官方说明文档：

https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/Cocoa/Reference/Foundation/Classes/NSMutableAttributedString_Class/Reference/Reference.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40003689

3. 使用实例

<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New';"><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">   </span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(112, 61, 170);"><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">UILabel</span></span><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">*</span><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">testLabel </span><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[[</span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(112, 61, 170);"><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">UILabel</span></span><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">alloc</span></span><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">]</span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">initWithFrame</span></span><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">:</span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">CGRectMake</span></span><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(39, 42, 216);"><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">0</span></span><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(39, 42, 216);"><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">100</span></span><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(39, 42, 216);"><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">320</span></span><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(39, 42, 216);"><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">30</span></span><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">)];</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New';"><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">   testLabel</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">.</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(112, 61, 170); font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">backgroundColor</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(112, 61, 170); font-size: 14px;"><span class="typ" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">UIColor</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">lightGrayColor</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">];</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New';"><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">   testLabel</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">.</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(112, 61, 170);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">textAlignment</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(61, 29, 129); font-size: 14px;"><span class="typ" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">NSTextAlignmentCenter</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">;</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New';"><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">   </span></span><span style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(112, 61, 170); font-size: 14px;"><span class="typ" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">NSMutableAttributedString</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">*</span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AttributedStr</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[[</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(112, 61, 170); font-size: 14px;"><span class="typ" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">NSMutableAttributedString</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">alloc</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">]</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">initWithString</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">:</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(209, 47, 27);"><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">@</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(209, 47, 27);"><span class="str" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">今天天气不错呀</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(209, 47, 27);"><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">];</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New';"><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">   </span><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[</span><span class="typ" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AttributedStr</span><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">addAttribute</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">:</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(112, 61, 170);"><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">NSFontAttributeName</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New';"><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">                         </span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">value</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">:[</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(112, 61, 170);"><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">UIFont</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">systemFontOfSize</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">:</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(39, 42, 216);"><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">16.0</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">]</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New';"><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">                         </span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">range</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">:</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">NSMakeRange</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(39, 42, 216);"><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">2</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(39, 42, 216);"><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">2</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">)];</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New';"><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">   </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[</span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AttributedStr</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">addAttribute</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">:</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; color: rgb(112, 61, 170); font-size: 14px;"><span class="typ" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">NSForegroundColorAttributeName</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New';"><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">                         </span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">value</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">:[</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(112, 61, 170);"><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">UIColor</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">redColor</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">]</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New';"><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">                         </span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">range</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">:</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">NSMakeRange</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(39, 42, 216);"><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">2</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(39, 42, 216);"><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">2</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">)];</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New';"><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">   testLabel</span><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">.</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(112, 61, 170);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">attributedText</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="typ" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AttributedStr</span><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">;</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Courier New';"><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">   </span><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(187, 44, 162);"><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">self</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">.</span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(112, 61, 170);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">view</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span style="line-height: 24.5px; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(61, 29, 129);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">addSubview</span></span><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">:</span><span class="pln" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">testLabel</span><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">];</span></span></span></p><div><span style="font-family: 'Courier New';"><span style="line-height: normal; font-size: 14px;"><span class="pun" style="line-height: 24.5px; color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">
</span></span></span></div>