摘要: 最近公司项目要求MySQL高可用，加上以前公司听过QiHoo360的Atlas，所以就尝试搭建了一个MySQL读写分离，并且高可用的。
前期准备
- 准备4台机器，系统为
CentOS release 6.6 - Ip分别为
192.168.20.121、192.168.20.122、192.168.20.123、192.168.20.124 - 4台机器分别作为
Atlas代理服务，master MySQL，slave MySQL 1，slave MySQL 2 - 下载QiHoo360的Atlas 地址
安装Atlas
- 下载得到
Atlas-XX.el6.x86_64.rpm安装文件 sudo rpm –i Atlas-XX.el6.x86_64.rpm安装- 安装在
/usr/local/mysql-proxy - 安装目录分析
bin- 可执行文件
encrypt用来加密密码，后面会用到mysql-proxy是MySQL自己的读写分离代理mysql-proxyd操作AtlasVERSION
conftest.cnf配置文件- 一个文件为一个实例，实例名即文件名，启动需要带上这个实例名
lib依赖包log记录日志
- 启动命令：
/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxyd [实例名] start - 停止命令：
/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxyd [实例名] stop - 同理，
restart为重启，status为查看状态 -
配置文件解释
请查看官方文档
数据库配置
- 1台master2台slave，都要配置相同的用户名密码，且都要可以远程访问
-
分别进入3台服务器，创建相同的用户名密码，创建数据库
test，设置权限CREATE USER 'test'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'test123'; CREATE USER 'test'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'test123'; grant all privileges on test.* to 'test'@'%' identified by 'test123'; grant all privileges on test.* to 'test'@'localhost' identified by 'test123'; flush privileges; -
主从数据库配置
-
配置master服务器
- 找到MySQL配置文件
my.cnf，一般在etc目录下 -
修改配置文件
[mysqld] # 一些其他配置 ... #主从复制配置 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1 sync_binlog=1 #需要备份的数据库 binlog-do-db=test #不需要备份的数据库 binlog-ignore-db=mysql #启动二进制文件 log-bin=mysql-bin #服务器ID server-id=1 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 - 重启数据库
service mysql restart -
进入数据库，配置主从复制的权限
mysql -uroot -p123456 grant replication slave on *.* to 'test'@'127.0.0.1' identified by 'test123'; -
查看主数据库信息，记住下面的
File与Position的信息，它们是用来配置从数据库的关键信息。mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ | mysql-bin.000002 | 17620976 | test | mysql | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- 找到MySQL配置文件
-
配置两台salve服务器
- 找到配置文件
my.cnf -
修改配置文件如下
[mysqld] # 一些其他配置 ... # 几台服务器不能一样 server-id=2 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 -
进入数据库，配置从数据库的信息，这里输入刚才记录下来的
File与Position的信息，并且在从服务器上执行(执行的时候，#行不要复制进去)：# master数据库的ip mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.20.122', # master的用户名 master_user='buck', # 密码 master_password='hello', # 端口 master_port=3306, # master数据库的`File ` master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002', # master数据库的`Position` master_log_pos=17620976, master_connect_retry=10; -
启动进程
mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) -
检查主从复制状态，要看到下列
Slave_IO_Running、Slave_SQL_Running的信息中，两个都是Yes，才说明主从连接正确，如果有一个是No，需要重新确定刚才记录的日志信息，停掉“stop slave”重新进行配置主从连接。mysql> show slave status \G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.246.134 Master_User: buck Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 10 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 17620976 Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 251 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 17620976 Relay_Log_Space: 407 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: 1 row in set (0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified
- 找到配置文件
-
Atlas配置
-
使用Atlas的加密工具对上面用户的密码进行加密
/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/encrypt test123 29uENYYsKLo= -
配置atlas
- 这是用来登录到Atlas的管理员的账号与密码，与之对应的是
Atlas监听的管理接口IP和端口，也就是说需要设置管理员登录的端口，才能进入管理员界面，默认端口是2345，也可以指定IP登录，指定IP后，其他的IP无法访问管理员的命令界面。方便测试，我这里没有指定IP和端口登录。 -
配置主数据的地址与从数据库的地址，这里配置的主数据库是122，从数据库是123、124
#Atlas后端连接的MySQL主库的IP和端口，可设置多项，用逗号分隔 proxy-backend-addresses = 192.168.20.122:3306 #Atlas后端连接的MySQL从库的IP和端口，@后面的数字代表权重，用来作负载均衡，若省略则默认为1，可设置多项，用逗号分隔 proxy-read-only-backend-addresses = 192.168.20.123:3306[@1](https://my.oschina.net/u/1198),192.168.20.124:3306@2 -
这个是用来配置MySQL的账户与密码的，就是上面创建的用户，用户名是
test,密码是test123,刚刚使用Atlas提供的工具生成了对应的加密密码pwds = buck:RePBqJ+5gI4=
- 这是用来登录到Atlas的管理员的账号与密码，与之对应的是
-
启动Atlas
[root[@localhost](https://my.oschina.net/u/570656) /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin]# ./mysql-proxyd test start OK: MySQL-Proxy of test is started
测试
-
进入atlas的管理界面
[root[@localhost](https://my.oschina.net/u/570656) ~]#mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P2345 -uuser -ppwd Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.0.99-agent-admin Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> select * from help; +----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | command | description | +----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | SELECT * FROM help | shows this help | | SELECT * FROM backends | lists the backends and their state | | SET OFFLINE $backend_id | offline backend server, $backend_id is backend_ndx's id | | SET ONLINE $backend_id | online backend server, ... | | ADD MASTER $backend | example: "add master 127.0.0.1:3306", ... | | ADD SLAVE $backend | example: "add slave 127.0.0.1:3306", ... | | REMOVE BACKEND $backend_id | example: "remove backend 1", ... | | SELECT * FROM clients | lists the clients | | ADD CLIENT $client | example: "add client 192.168.1.2", ... | | REMOVE CLIENT $client | example: "remove client 192.168.1.2", ... | | SELECT * FROM pwds | lists the pwds | | ADD PWD $pwd | example: "add pwd user:raw_password", ... | | ADD ENPWD $pwd | example: "add enpwd user:encrypted_password", ... | | REMOVE PWD $pwd | example: "remove pwd user", ... | | SAVE CONFIG | save the backends to config file | | SELECT VERSION | display the version of Atlas | +----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ 16 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> -
使用工作接口来访问
[root@localhost ~]#mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P1234 -utest -ptest123 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 34 Server version: 5.0.81-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> 著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。互联网+时代，时刻要保持学习，携手千锋PHP,Dream It Possible。
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