Homebrew指令

Homebrew指令

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github网站：
https://github.com/Homebrew
Homebrew是Mac OSX常见的包管理器(命令brew用于命令行工具, brew cask管理带UI软件), 类似 ubuntu下apt-get, centOS的yum. 推荐日常Mac下安装卸载软件使用

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学习网站：
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_35624642/article/details/79682979
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_33591200/article/details/82882562

在mac系统中，使用homebrew可以很方便的管理包。按照官网的说明执行以下命令时总是报错： 
/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

应该是这个资源访问有问题，那么我们可以尝试使用国内的镜像。给大家推荐一个中国科学技术大学的镜像站点，里面有各种资源： 
https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git 

1、把官网给的脚本拿下来
curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install >> brew_install

2、更改脚本中的资源链接，替换成清华大学的镜像
就是把这两句
BREW_REPO = “https://github.com/Homebrew/brew“.freeze
CORE_TAP_REPO = “https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core“.freeze
更改为这两句
BREW_REPO = “https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git“.freeze
CORE_TAP_REPO = “https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git“.freeze

3、执行脚本
/usr/bin/ruby brew_install

4、/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core 更换代码
git clone git://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git/ /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core --depth=1

5、然后把homebrew-core的镜像地址也设为中科院的国内镜像
cd "$(brew --repo)"
git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git
cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core"
git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git

更新
brew update

检查无错误
brew doctor

接着换源
替换核心软件仓库
cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core"
git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git

替换 cask 软件仓库（提供 macOS 应用和大型二进制文件）
cd "$(brew --repo)"/Library/Taps/caskroom/homebrew-cask
git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-cask.git

替换 Bottles 源（Homebrew 预编译二进制软件包）
bash（默认 shell）用户：
echo 'export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles' >> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile

zsh 用户：
echo 'export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles' >> ~/.zshrc
source ~/.zshrc

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学习网站：
https://www.cnblogs.com/gdwkong/p/8880740.html
https://www.jianshu.com/p/c834e7224dd9
https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000014541169?utm_source=channel-hottest

安装
/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

替换国内源

# 替换brew.git
cd "$(brew --repo)"
git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/brew.git
# 替换homebrew-core
cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core"
git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git
# 更新
brew update
# 替换二进制预编译包
echo 'export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles' >> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile
# 或临时替换
export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles

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使用Homebrew1

帮助信息: brew help(-h)

基本使用

# 更新Homebrew本身, formulae索引等, 需要先安装git
brew update
# 安装应用, 例如wget, 安装到/usr/local/Cellar/wget, ln到/usr/local/bin目录下
brew install wget
# 安装带UI app, 插件, 字体(fonts)及其他非开源应用
brew cask install firefox
# 更新app
brew upgrade git
# 诊断依赖冲突等
brew doctor
# 搜索app
brew search xxx
# 卸载xxx.app
brew uninstall xxx
# 列出安装的包
brew list

其他命令

# 打开包主页
brew home git
# 查看包信息
brew ino git
# 查看包依赖
brew deps wget  #结果显示gettext libidn2  libunistring openssl
# 清理旧版本
brew cleanup git
brew cleanup
# 显示是否有新版本可用
brew outdated
# 再来个卸载
brew rm wget  # uninstall wget
brew remove -h

卸载Homebrew

cd `brew –prefix`
rm -rf Cellar
brew cleanup
rm -rf Homebrew
rm -rf ~/Library/Caches/Homebrew

formula

formula: 应用安装包相关的Ruby脚本文件, 定义Homebrew软件包, 参考
https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/tree/master/Formula

cask

# 安装带UI app, 插件, 字体(fonts)及其他非开源应用
brew cask install firefox
brew cask list 
brew cask uninstall xxx

推荐安装

# golang 
brew install go
# terminal
brew cask install iterm2
# Record and share your terminal
brew install asciinema

cocoapods
https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/blob/master/Formula/cocoapods.rb

#安装cocoapods
brew update
brew install --HEAD libimobiledevice
brew install ideviceinstaller ios-deploy cocoapods
pod setup

安装更新卸载nodejs
brew install nodejs
brew upgrade nodejs
brew remove nodejs

输入：brew install telnet，等待完成，然后输入命令测试：telnet toutiao.com 80

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https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000014541169?utm_source=channel-hottest

使用Homebrew2

查看版本
brew -v

查看配置信息
brew config 用于查看 brew 所在环境及相关的配置情况

诊断问题
brew doctor 诊断当前 brew 存在哪些问题，并给出解决方案

基于brew安装的所有软件及其依赖均会安装到目录/usr/local/Cellar

$ brew help

Example usage:
  brew search [TEXT|/REGEX/]
  brew info [FORMULA...]
  brew install FORMULA...
  brew update
  brew upgrade [FORMULA...]
  brew uninstall FORMULA...
  brew uninstall --force FORMULA... 彻底卸载指定软件，包括旧版本
  brew list [FORMULA...]

Troubleshooting:
  brew config
  brew doctor
  brew install --verbose --debug FORMULA

Contributing:
  brew create [URL [--no-fetch]]
  brew edit [FORMULA...]

Further help:
  brew commands
  brew help [COMMAND]
  man brew
  https://docs.brew.sh

服务管理
brew services 用于方便的管理 brew 安装的软件软件，类似于 Linux 下的 service 命令。
查询服务列表：
$ brew services list

检查可更新的软件列表
brew outdated 可查询有更新版本的软件

清理软件
brew cleanup -n 列出需要清理的内容
brew cleanup 清理所有的过时软件
brew cleanup [FORMULA] 清理指定软件的过时包

仓库管理
brew tap 已安装的仓库列表
brew tap [--full] user/repo [URL] 添加仓库
brew untap tap 移除仓库

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