d3d 画旋转方棱椎与六面体

 //ÏÂÃæÊdzÌÐòËùÐèÒªµÄincludeÎļþ£¬µÚÒ»¸öincludeÊÇÊÓ´°Ëù±ØÐëµÄ£¬ //µÚ¶þ¸öÊÇDirect3D 8Ëù±ØÐëµÄ¡£ #include <WINDOWS.H> #include <D3DX8.H> HWND hWnd; HDC hDC; HINSTANCE hInstance; //µÃµ½³ÌÐòµÄÀý×Ó LPDIRECT3D8 P_D3D; LPDIRECT3DDEVICE8 p_D3DDevice; RECT rect; int sw = 640; int sh = 480; bool fullscreen = true; //ÉùÃûÒ»¸ö½á¹¹£¬¿ØÖÆÒ»¸ö¶¥µãµÄËùÓÐÐÅÏ¢ struct my_vertex{ FLOAT x, y, z; //¶¥µãµÄ·Ç±ä»»Î»Öà DWORD color; //¶¥µãµÄÑÕÉ«. }; //Ò»¸öÓÃÀ´¶¨Ò嶥µãµÄºê'macro' #define D3D8T_CUSTOMVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZ|D3DFVF_DIFFUSE) //Èý½ÇÐκ;ØÐεĶ¥µã×ø±ê¼°ÑÕÉ«Öµ my_vertex g_vertices[] ={ { 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0x00FF0000 }, { 1.0f, -1.0f,-1.0f, 0x0000FF00 }, { -1.0f, -1.0f,-1.0f, 0x000000FF }, { -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0x0000FF00 }, { 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0x000000FF }, { 1.0f, -1.0f,-1.0f, 0x0000FF00 }, // Èý½ÇÐÎ { -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0x000000FF }, { -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0x000000FF }, { 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0x000000FF }, { 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0x000000FF }, { 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0x000000FF }, { -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0x000000FF }, { 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0x0000FF00 }, { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0x0000FF00 }, { -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0x0000FF00 }, { -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0x0000FF00 }, { -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0x0000FF00 }, { 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0x0000FF00 }, { -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0x00FF0000 }, { -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0x00FF0000 }, { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0x00FF0000 }, { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0x00FF0000 }, { 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0x00FF0000 }, { -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0x00FF0000 }, { 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0x00FFFF00 }, { 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0x00FFFF00 }, { -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0x00FFFF00 }, { -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0x00FFFF00 }, { -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0x00FFFF00 }, { 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0x00FFFF00 }, { -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0x00FF00FF }, { -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0x00FF00FF }, { -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0x00FF00FF }, { -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0x00FF00FF }, { -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0x00FF00FF }, { -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0x00FF00FF }, { 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0x0000FFFF }, { 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 0x0000FFFF }, { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0x0000FFFF }, { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0x0000FFFF }, { 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0x0000FFFF }, { 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 0x0000FFFF }, }; #define NUM_VERTICES (sizeof(g_vertices)/sizeof(my_vertex)) //¶¥µã»º³åÇøÊÇÓÃÓÅ»¯·½·¨äÖȾ´æ´¢µÄ¶¥µãµÄÒ»ÖÖ·½·¨ IDirect3DVertexBuffer8 *g_vb=NULL; // ³ÌÐòÁ´½Óʱ¼ÓÈëd3d8.lib #pragma comment(lib,"d3d8.lib") #pragma comment(lib,"d3dx8.lib") void D3DInit() { HRESULT hr; unsigned char *vb_vertices; D3DXMATRIX view_matrix; D3DXMATRIX matProj; //ÓÉÓÚÒªÌṩ¶¥µãÑÕÉ«£¬ËùÒÔÒª¹Ø±ÕD3D¹âÔ´ p_D3DDevice->SetRenderState( D3DRS_LIGHTING, FALSE ); // ¿ªÆôz»º³åÇø¡£ p_D3DDevice->SetRenderState( D3DRS_ZENABLE, TRUE ); //¶¥µã»º³åÇøÊǶ¥µãµÄÓÅ»¯µÄ´æ´¢·½·¨¡£ÕâÀｨÁ¢Ò»¸ö¿É×ãÒÔÈÝÄÉ7¸ö¶¥µã //µÄ¶¥µã»º³åÇø¡£²¢ÔÊÐíDirect3DÈ·¶¨ÆäÔÚÄÚ´æÖеĴæ·ÅλÖà hr=p_D3DDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(NUM_VERTICES*sizeof(my_vertex), D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY, D3D8T_CUSTOMVERTEX, D3DPOOL_MANAGED, &g_vb); //Ëø¶¨Lock¶¥µã»º³åÇø£¬Ê¹Direct3DÖªµÀÒª½øÐÐÊý¾ÝÐ޸ġ£Íê³ÉÊý¾Ý¿½±´ºóÓɽâËøÃüÁîUnlock¸æËßDirect3DÐÞ¸ÄÈÎÎñÒÑÍê³É hr=g_vb->Lock(0, //Æ«ÒÆÁ¿£¬´Ó»º³åÇøÆðʼλÖÿªÊ¼ 0, //Ëø¶¨µÄ³ß´ç£¬0´ú±íËø¶¨Õû¸ö»º³åÇø &vb_vertices, //Èç¹û³É¹¦£¬½«Ö¸Ïò¶¥µã»º³åÇøÖеÄÊý¾Ý 0); //±êÖ¾£¬Î´¶¨Òå //vb_verticesÖ¸ÏòÁ˶¥µã»º³åÇøÀïµÄ¶¥µã£¬ÎªÁËÌî³ä¶¥µã»º³åÇø£¬ //½«Êý¾Ý¿½±´µ½vb_vertices memcpy(vb_vertices, g_vertices, sizeof(g_vertices) ); //½âËøʹDirect3DÖªµÀ²Ù×÷ÒÑÍê³É g_vb->Unlock(); //½¨Á¢¿ÉÊÓ¾ØÕó D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&view_matrix,&D3DXVECTOR3( 0.0f, 0.0f,-8.0f ), &D3DXVECTOR3( 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f ), &D3DXVECTOR3( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f )); //É趨Ïà»ú'camera' p_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW,&view_matrix); D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&matProj, //½á¹û¾ØÕó D3DX_PI/4,//¿ÉÊÓ»¡¶È·¶Î§ ((float)sw / (float)sh), //ÆÁÄ»¸ß¿í±È 1.0f, //½Ó½ü¹Û²âÃæ 100.0f ); //Ô¶Àë¹Û²âÃæ //͸ÊÓ¾ØÕó²»×ö¸Ä±ä p_D3DDevice->SetTransform( D3DTS_PROJECTION, &matProj ); } D3DFORMAT find_16bit_mode(void) { HRESULT hr; //Ê×ÏȲâÊÔ(16λɫģʽ)R5G6B5 hr=P_D3D->CheckDeviceType(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,D3DFMT_R5G6B5,D3DFMT_R5G6B5,FALSE); if(SUCCEEDED(hr)){ OutputDebugString("D3DFMT_R5G6B5/n"); return D3DFMT_R5G6B5; } //½ÓÏÂÀ´²âÊÔX1R5G5B5 hr=P_D3D->CheckDeviceType(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,D3DFMT_X1R5G5B5,D3DFMT_X1R5G5B5,FALSE); if(SUCCEEDED(hr)){ OutputDebugString("D3DFMT_X1R5G5B5/n"); return D3DFMT_X1R5G5B5; } return (D3DFORMAT)NULL; } void D3DEnable() { HRESULT hr; D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp; D3DDISPLAYMODE display_mode; //´´½¨Drect3D8£¬ÕâÊÇÔÚÈκÎD3D8³ÌÐòÀï±ØÐë×öµÄÊÂÇé //·µ»ØD3D°æ±¾Öµ£¨D3D_SDK_VERSION£© P_D3D = Direct3DCreate8( D3D_SDK_VERSION ); //½öÔËÐÐÔÚ´°¿Úģʽ£¬¹¦ÄÜÊǵõ½µ±Ç°£¨×ÀÃ棩ÏÔʾģʽ hr=P_D3D->GetAdapterDisplayMode(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,&display_mode); //½«D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS½á¹¹ÇåÁã ZeroMemory(&d3dpp,sizeof(d3dpp)); //ÔÚÈ«ÆÁºÍ´°¿Ú·½Ê½Ï¾ùÏàͬ d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD; //ÓÉÓÚ²»ÔÙÓÐÓã¬ËùÒÔÒªÊÍ·ÅÒÔÇ°µÄÖ¡¡£ d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = hWnd; //ÕâÊÇÖ÷´°¿Ú£¨Î¨Ò»µÄ£© d3dpp.BackBufferCount= 1; //½öÐèÒªÒ»¸ö±¸·Ö»º³åÇø d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = TRUE; d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D16; ////ÔÚÈ«ÆÁģʽÏÂÒªÉèÖú󱸻º³åÇøµÄ¿í/¸ß. if(fullscreen){ d3dpp.Windowed = FALSE; d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = sw; d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = sh; d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = find_16bit_mode(); } else { d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE; d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = display_mode.Format; } hr=P_D3D->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, //ÔÚ¶àÏÔʾÆ÷ϵͳÖÐĬÈÏµÄ½Ó¿Ú //¿ÉÒÔ³¬¹ýÒ»¸ö¡£¾¡¿ÉÄܵØÑ¡ÔñÓ²¼þ¼ÓËÙ¶ø²»ÊÇÈí¼þäÖȾ D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, //µ±Ç°µÄ´°¿Ú hWnd, //ÓÃÈí¼þ´¦ÀíʸÁ¿£¬Òª±ÈÓ²¼þ·½Ê½Âý£¬µ«¼æÈÝËùÓÐͼÐο¨ D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, // D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS½á¹¹ &d3dpp, //Ö¸ÏòеÄÉ豸 &p_D3DDevice); } void D3DDisable() { if(p_D3DDevice){ p_D3DDevice->Release(); p_D3DDevice=NULL; } if(P_D3D){ P_D3D->Release(); P_D3D=NULL; } if(g_vb){ g_vb->Release(); g_vb=NULL; } } void D3DSceneShow() { D3DXMATRIX matWorld; D3DXMATRIX rot_matrix; D3DXMATRIX trans_matrix; static float rot_triangle=0; static float rot_square=0; rot_triangle+=0.004f; rot_square+=0.007f; //Çå³ý»º³åÇø²¢ÖÃΪеÄÑÕÉ« p_D3DDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET|D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER , D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,0), 1.0f, 0 ); //ÏòÉ豸Ìáʾ¿ªÊ¼½øÐÐäÖȾ if(SUCCEEDED(p_D3DDevice->BeginScene())){ //ʹÓÃÆÕͨµÄ¶¥µã¸ñʽ p_D3DDevice->SetVertexShader(D3D8T_CUSTOMVERTEX); //¸æËßD3DΪÈý½ÇÐν¨Á¢µÄ¶¥µã»º³åÇøÊÇäÖȾ¹¦ÄÜÒª¶ÁÈ¡µÄÊý¾ÝÁ÷ p_D3DDevice->SetStreamSource(0,g_vb,sizeof(my_vertex)); //ΪÈý½ÇÐÎÉèÖÃÐýת¾ØÕó¡£ D3DXMatrixRotationY(&rot_matrix,rot_triangle); //Ïò×óÒƶ¯1.5¸öµ¥Ôª£¬ÏòÆÁÄ»ÄÚÒƶ¯1¸öµ¥Ôª D3DXMatrixTranslation(&trans_matrix,-1.5,0.0f,1.0f); //ºÏ²¢2¾ØÕóµÃµ½×îÖÕµÄÊÀ½ç¾ØÕó D3DXMatrixMultiply(&matWorld,&rot_matrix,&trans_matrix); //ÉèÖÃÊÀ½ç¾ØÕó p_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD,&matWorld ); //»æÖÆÈý½ÇÐÎ p_D3DDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLEFAN,0,4); //ΪÕý·½ÐÎÉèÖÃÐýת¾ØÕó¡£ D3DXMatrixRotationX(&rot_matrix,rot_square); //ΪÕý·½ÐÎÉèÖÃÊÀ½ç¾ØÕó¡£ D3DXMatrixTranslation(&trans_matrix,1.5,0.0f,1.0f); //ºÏ²¢2¾ØÕóµÃµ½×îÖÕµÄÊÀ½ç¾ØÕó D3DXMatrixMultiply(&matWorld,&rot_matrix,&trans_matrix); p_D3DDevice->SetTransform( D3DTS_WORLD, &matWorld ); //Ìø¹ý¿ªÊ¼6¸ö¶¥µã£¨ÊôÓÚ½ð×ÖËþµÄ£©£¬»æÖÆʣϵÄ12¸öÈý½ÇÐΡ£ p_D3DDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLELIST,6,12); //ÏòÉ豸ÌáʾäÖȾÍê³É p_D3DDevice->EndScene(); } //ÏÔʾ½á¹û p_D3DDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL ); } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { switch ( message ) { case WM_CREATE: GetWindowRect(hWnd, &rect); sw = rect.right - rect.left; sh = rect.bottom - rect.top; // SceneResizeViewport(sw, sh); return 0; case WM_SIZE: return 0; case WM_CLOSE: ShowWindow (hWnd, SW_HIDE); PostQuitMessage( 0 ); return 0; case WM_DESTROY: return 0; case WM_KEYDOWN: switch( wParam ) { case VK_ESCAPE: PostMessage(hWnd, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0); break; } return 0; default: return DefWindowProc( hWnd,message, wParam, lParam ); } } int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { WNDCLASS wc; MSG msg; bool bQuit = false; if (MessageBox(NULL,"ÊÇ·ñÑ¡ÔñÈ«ÆÁÏÔʾģʽ?", "È«ÆÁ·½Ê½ÔËÐÐ?",MB_YESNO|MB_ICONQUESTION)==IDNO) { fullscreen=0; //´°¿Úģʽ } wc.style = CS_OWNDC; wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wc.cbClsExtra = 0; wc.cbWndExtra = 0; wc.hInstance = hInstance; wc.hIcon = LoadIcon( NULL, IDI_APPLICATION ); wc.hCursor = LoadCursor( NULL, IDC_ARROW ); wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject( BLACK_BRUSH ); wc.lpszMenuName = NULL; wc.lpszClassName = "Name"; RegisterClass( &wc ); if(fullscreen) { hWnd = CreateWindow( "Name", "Lesson1", WS_POPUP | WS_CLIPSIBLINGS | WS_VISIBLE, 0, 0, GetSystemMetrics( SM_CXSCREEN ), GetSystemMetrics( SM_CYSCREEN ), NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL ); }else { hWnd = CreateWindow( "Name", "Lesson1", WS_TILEDWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE, GetSystemMetrics( SM_CXSCREEN )/2-sw/2, GetSystemMetrics( SM_CYSCREEN )/2-sh/2, sw, sh, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL ); ChangeDisplaySettings(NULL, 0); } ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOW); UpdateWindow(hWnd); //³õʼ»¯ D3DEnable(); D3DInit(); if(!fullscreen) { GetWindowRect(hWnd, &rect); sw = rect.right - rect.left; sh = rect.bottom - rect.top; } while ( !bQuit ) { if ( PeekMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE ) ) if ( msg.message == WM_QUIT ) bQuit = true; else { TranslateMessage( &msg ); DispatchMessage( &msg ); } else { D3DSceneShow(); } } //¹Ø±Õ£¬Í˳ö³ÌÐò D3DDisable(); ShowWindow (hWnd, SW_HIDE); DestroyWindow( hWnd ); ChangeDisplaySettings(NULL, 0); return msg.wParam; return 0; }

 

 

 

 

 

需要注意的地方：

将多边形切割成三角形时，要按照逆时针方向一次编号，避免混乱。

全屏时如果使用HRESULT GetAdapterDisplayMode(      

    UINT Adapter,
    D3DDISPLAYMODE *pMode
);函数去获取显示器设备信息时，可以使用

typedef struct _D3DDISPLAYMODE {
    UINT Width;
    UINT Height;
    UINT RefreshRate;
    D3DFORMAT Format;
} D3DDISPLAYMODE;

 

   UINT Width;
    UINT Height;

作为D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS 缓冲区的宽与高。

使用D3DFORMAT Format作为D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS 缓冲区的格式。

 

这个程序运行时会发现一个问题，当全屏是旋转速度慢，小盘时旋转快。这是什么原因呢？

当全屏时分辨率高， cpu需要渲染的区域增加，所以render 一次时间变长，即速率变慢。

而分辨率低时，cpu渲染的区域减少，render一次时间变短，即速率变快。

所以在真正的游戏设计中都是采用定时器来按时渲染。我这上面的例子仅仅是用来学习看看效果。

 

还有个问题可能大家不容易理解，为什么只需要旋转世界坐标，就可以使得物体旋转起来呢？

这个问题是这样，当世界坐标矩阵乘上一个角度，哎，没办法没法输入数学表达式，不能输入符号。

世界坐标乘上一个旋转矩阵时变成另外一个矩阵 Pword, 接下来我们看到了设置 观察矩阵

  //É趨Ïà»ú'camera'   
    p_D3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW,&view_matrix);

 

此时Pword 会与观察矩阵相乘，也即照相机的位置发生了旋转。也就是说我们的眼睛看到了物体的另外一个地方，我这样讲不知道看我博客的朋友是否能明白。然后还有一步设置投影矩阵

    D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&matProj, //½á¹û¾ØÕó   
                              D3DX_PI/4,//¿ÉÊÓ»¡¶È·¶Î§   
                              ((float)sw / (float)sh), //ÆÁÄ»¸ß¿í±È   
                              1.0f,      //½Ó½ü¹Û²âÃæ   
                              100.0f ); //Ô¶Àë¹Û²âÃæ   
  
   //͸ÊÓ¾ØÕó²»×ö¸Ä±ä   
   p_D3DDevice->SetTransform( D3DTS_PROJECTION, &matProj );

 

这个步骤等于我们的眼睛看到了物体，等于物体投影到照相机上，等于物体投影投影到了我们眼睛上。

可以尝试把p_D3DDevice->SetTransform( D3DTS_PROJECTION, &matProj );先注释掉就知道怎么回事了，说的比较啰嗦，好久没写博客了，希望看到我博客的朋友能看明白，顺便留个脚印，看帖记得回帖。