题目来源:https://leetcode.com/problems/gray-code/
问题描述
89. Gray Code
Medium
The gray code is a binary numeral system where two successive values differ in only one bit.
Given a non-negative integer nrepresenting the total number of bits in the code, print the sequence of gray code. A gray code sequence must begin with 0.
Example 1:
Input: 2
Output: [0,1,3,2]
Explanation:
00 - 0
01 - 1
11 - 3
10 - 2
For a given n, a gray code sequence may not be uniquely defined.
For example, [0,2,3,1] is also a valid gray code sequence.
00 - 0
10 - 2
11 - 3
01 - 1
Example 2:
Input: 0
Output: [0]
Explanation: We define the gray code sequence to begin with 0.
A gray code sequence of n has size = 2n, which for n = 0 the size is 20 = 1.
Therefore, for n = 0 the gray code sequence is [0].
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题意
生成格雷码。格雷码是指只有一个二进制为不同的n位二进制码序列。
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思路
【解法1】
递归,n位格雷码由n-1位格雷码一部分首位+0,另一部分倒序首位+1。图来源于https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_22980439/article/details/51072294。
【解法2】
根据index直接生成,方法见代码。给出了一个3位格雷码生成的例子。
000 ^ 000 = 000 [0]
001 ^ 000 = 001 [1]
010 ^ 001 = 011 [3]
011 ^ 001 = 010 [2]
100 ^ 010 = 110 [6]
101 ^ 010 = 111 [7]
110 ^ 011 = 101 [5]
111 ^ 011 = 100 [4]
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代码
【解法1】
class Solution {
public List<Integer> grayCode(int n) {
if (n == 0)
{
List<Integer> ret = new ArrayList<Integer>();
ret.add(0);
return ret;
}
int bit = (1<<(n-1));
List<Integer> pre = grayCode(n-1);
for (int i=1, L=pre.size(); i<=L; i++)
{
pre.add(bit+pre.get(L-i));
}
return pre;
}
}
【解法2】
class Solution {
public List<Integer> grayCode(int n) {
int count = (int)Math.pow(2,n);
List<Integer> res = new ArrayList<>();
for(int i = 0; i < count; i++){
res.add((i) ^ (i >> 1));
}
return res;
}
}