Android：Retrofit+RxJava网络框架+MVP架构 初体验

一、工程目录

基础的一级文件夹有app(基类)、service(mvp+网络)、ui、util、view(自定义View)。

二、构建网络请求框架

1. 导入依赖

dependencies {
    // Okhttp
    implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.10.0'
    implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:3.6.0'
    // Retrofit （Gson数据解析器、rxjava适配器）
    implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.3.0'
    implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.3.0'
    implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:adapter-rxjava2:2.2.0'
    // rxjava
    implementation 'io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxjava:2.2.3'
    implementation 'io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxandroid:2.1.0'
}

2. 定义网络请求接口

1) 保存所有url，方便维护：Net.java

public class Net {
    //baseurl
    public static final String TIAN_API_URL="http://api.tianapi.com/";

    //请求新闻频道
    public static final String GET_NEWS_TYPE = "/channellist/index?key=7fcd5df****6e0f";

    //请求分类、筛选新闻
    public static final String POST_SORT_NEWS = "/allnews/index?";
    
}

2) 返回体Model，根据接口文档返回的json生成 ：NewsRootBean.java、NewsTypeBean.java、NewsSortBean .java

public class NewsRootBean<T> {
    private int code;
    private String msg;
    private List<T> newslist;
    //省略掉getter、setter
}

3）定义接口：RetrofitService.java

public interface RetrofitService {
    //请求新闻频道
    @GET(Net.GET_NEWS_TYPE)
    Observable<NewsRootBean<NewsTypeBean>> getNewsTypeList();

    //请求分类、筛选新闻
    @GET(Net.POST_SORT_NEWS)
    Observable<NewsRootBean<NewsSortBean>> requestNewsSortList(@Query("key") String key, @Query("num") int num, @Query("col") int col, @Query("page") int page);
}

4）创建日志拦截器，利于更直观的查看请求日志：LogInterceptor.java

public class LogInterceptor {
    public static HttpLoggingInterceptor getLogInterceptor() {
        return new HttpLoggingInterceptor(new HttpLoggingInterceptor.Logger() {
            @Override
            public void log(String message) {
                Log.i(Content.LOG_TAG,"Log--->>>" + message);
            }
            //设置打印数据的级别
        }).setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY);
    }
}

5）初始化并创建Retrofit，提供获取RetrofitService的方法：RetrofitHelper.java

public class RetrofitHelper {
    public Context context;
    private Retrofit retrofit;
    //创建HTTP请求，添加日志拦截器
    private OkHttpClient okHttpClient=new OkHttpClient.Builder()
            .addInterceptor(LogInterceptor.getLogInterceptor()) 
            .build();
    //创建Gson转换器
    private GsonConverterFactory gsonConverterFactory=GsonConverterFactory.create(new GsonBuilder().create());
    
    /**
     * 获取RetrofitHelper单例
     */
    private static RetrofitHelper retrofitHelper;
    public static RetrofitHelper getInstance(Context context){
        if(retrofitHelper==null){
            retrofitHelper=new RetrofitHelper(context);
        }
        return retrofitHelper;
    }

    public RetrofitHelper(Context context){
        this.context=context;
        init();
    }

    /**
     * 创建Retrofit实例
     * 设置baseurl、client、Gson转换器、异步适配器
     */
    private void init() {
        retrofit=new Retrofit.Builder()
                .baseUrl(Net.TIAN_API_URL)
                .client(okHttpClient)
                .addConverterFactory(gsonConverterFactory)
                .addCallAdapterFactory(RxJava2CallAdapterFactory.create())
                .build();
    }

    /**
     * 由Retrofit获取RetrofitService接口类
     */
    public RetrofitService getService(){
        return retrofit.create(RetrofitService.class);
    }

}

6) 接口管理器，更方便的调用接口：DataManager.java

public class DataManager {
    private RetrofitService retrofitService;
    public DataManager(Context context){
    	//拿到RetrofitService
        this.retrofitService=RetrofitHelper.getInstance(context).getService();
    }
	//请求新闻频道
    public Observable<NewsRootBean<NewsTypeBean>> getNewsTypeList(){
        return retrofitService.getNewsTypeList();
    }
	//请求分类、筛选新闻
    public Observable<NewsRootBean<NewsSortBean>> requestNewsSortList(int num,int col,int page){
        return retrofitService.requestNewsSortList("7fcd5dfdc8d09980bfb4118286886e0f",num,col,page);
    }

}

7）创建观察者Observer基类，定义需要实现的方法：BaseObserver.java

public abstract class BaseObserver<T> implements Observer<T> {
    @Override
    public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {}
    
    @Override
    public void onComplete() {}

    @Override
    public void onNext(T o) {
        onSuccess(o);
    }

    @Override
    public void onError(Throwable e) {
        //异常打印日志
        Log.w(Content.LOG_TAG,"Throwable--->>>"+e.getMessage());
    }
    //匿名内部类只需实现此方法
    public abstract void onSuccess(T o);
}

8）请求网络

 private DataManager manager=new DataManager(context);
 public void getNewsType(){
 		//设置请求网络和事件处理的线程、创建观察者
        manager.getNewsTypeList()
                .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
                .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
                .subscribe(new BaseObserver<NewsRootBean<NewsTypeBean>>() {
                    @Override
                    public void onSuccess(NewsRootBean<NewsTypeBean> o) {
                    	//请求成功的操作
                        if(o.getCode()==200){
                            newsView.onSuccess(o,1);
                        }else{
                            newsView.onError(o.getMsg());
                        }
                    }
                });
    }

三、构建MVP架构

MVP=Model数据(数据实体)+View视图(数据可视化)+Presenter控制器(作为M与V的桥梁通信)

1. Model数据层，就是JavaBean：NewsRootBean.java 、NewsTypeBean.java 、NewsSortBean.java

3. Presenter控制器：NewsMainPresenter.java

(1) 定义接口

public interface Presenter {
    void onCreate();//初始化
    void onStop();
    void attachView(View view);//绑定View
}

(2) 创建控制器来请求接口、绑定View、请求到数据传给View

public class NewsMainPresenter implements Presenter {
    /**
     * View、Model、DataManager、Context
     */
    private NewsView newsView;
    private NewsRootBean model;
    private DataManager manager;
    private Context context;

    public NewsMainPresenter(Context context){
        this.context=context;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        manager=new DataManager(context);
    }

    @Override
    public void onStop() {}

    //绑定View
    @Override
    public void attachView(View view) {
        newsView= (NewsView) view;
    }

	//请求新闻频道
    public void getNewsType(){
        manager.getNewsTypeList()
                .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
                .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
                .subscribe(new BaseObserver<NewsRootBean<NewsTypeBean>>() {
                    @Override
                    public void onSuccess(NewsRootBean<NewsTypeBean> o) {
                    	//请求数据成功，将数据传给View
                        if(o.getCode()==200){
                            newsView.onSuccess(o,1);
                        }else{
                        //请求数据失败，将提示信息传给View
                            newsView.onError(o.getMsg());
                        }
                    }
                });
    }
    
    //请求分类、筛选新闻
    public void getNewsSort(int num,int col,int page){
        manager.requestNewsSortList(num,col,page)
                .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
                .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
                .subscribe(new BaseObserver<NewsRootBean<NewsSortBean>>() {
                    @Override
                    public void onSuccess(NewsRootBean<NewsSortBean> o) {
                        if(o.getCode()==200){
                            newsView.onSuccess(o,2);
                        }else{
                            newsView.onError(o.getMsg());
                        }
                    }
                });
    }
}

2. View视图层：NewsView.java

(1) 定义接口

public interface View {}

用type区分不同接口拿到的数据

public interface NewsView extends View {
    void onSuccess(NewsRootBean object, int type);//得到数据实体类进行逻辑操作
    void onError(String result);//提示失败消息
}

(2) 在Activity/Fragment 创建View的匿名内部类，从Presenter拿到数据，数据可视化。

public class MainHomeFragment extends BaseFragment {
	/**
     * 获取新闻类型列表
     */
   public NewsView newsView=new NewsView(){
        @Override
        public void onSuccess(NewsRootBean object, int type) {
            switch (type){
                case 1://获取类型列表
                    tabTitleList = object.getNewslist();
                    //数据可视化
                    for (NewsTypeBean title : tabTitleList) {
                        tabType.addTab(tabType.newTab().setText(title.getName()));
                    }
                    colId = tabTitleList.get(0).getColid();
                    break;
                case 2://获取分类新闻列表
                    newsTitleBeanList.addAll(object.getNewslist());
                        newsAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                    break;
                default:break;
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void onError(String result) {
            ToastUtils.showMessage(result);
        }
    };
}

over结束