Training5：指针和链表训练_指针链表的练习题-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/cyujust/article/details/7849687

本文通过多个实例展示了链表的应用，包括解决约瑟夫环问题、创建及合并学生信息链表、实现栈结构等，深入浅出地介绍了链表在不同场景下的使用技巧。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

1. 题目:有n个人围成一圈,顺序排号,从第一个开始报数(从1到3报数),凡报到3的人退出圈子,问最后最后留下的是原来第几号的那位.

提示:用环形链表实现

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
struct num
{
	int num;
	struct num *next;
};
struct num *head;
void creat_num()
{
	head=(struct num*)malloc(sizeof(struct num));
	head=NULL;

}
void in_num(int num)
{
	struct num *p=(struct num *)malloc(sizeof(struct num));
	p->num=num;
	p->next=head;
	head=p;
}
void rm_num(int n)
{
     struct num *p=NULL;
     struct num *temp=NULL;
     int i=10;
     int count=0;
     while(i>1) 
     {
     	
     	if(p==NULL)
	{
		p=head;
	}
	count++;
	if(count==n)
	{
		if(head==p)
		{
			temp=head;
			head=head->next;
			p=head;
			free(temp);
			temp=NULL;
		}
		else
		{
	                 temp->next=p->next;
			temp=p;
			p=p->next;
			free(temp);
			temp=NULL;
		}
			i--;
			count=0;
	}
	else
	{
	        temp=p;
		p=p->next;
	}
     }
}
void display_num()
{
       struct num *p=head;
       while(p)
       {
            printf("%d\t",p->num);
	    p=p->next;
       }
       printf("\n");
}
int main()
{
	int i=0;
	int delete;
	printf("please input a num:");
	scanf("%d",&delete);
	if(delete<0)
	{
		printf("input error!\n");
	}
	printf("delete=%d\n",delete);
	creat_num();
        for(i=10;i>0;i--)
	{
	     in_num(i);
	}
	display_num();
	rm_num(delete);
	printf("output:");
	display_num();
	return 0;

}

2. 题目:创建两个学生链表,含有姓名、年龄的信息，一个链表存放男生，一个链表存放女生

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct str
{
     char name[10];
     int age;
     struct str *next;
}str;
str *insert_list(str *temp,char name[],int age)
{
     str *p = (str*)malloc(sizeof(str));
     strcpy(p->name,name);
     p->age = age;
     p->next = temp;
     temp = p;
     return temp;
}
int display_list(str *p)
{
    printf("out:\n");
    while(p)
    {
         printf("%s\t%d\n",p->name,p->age);
	 p = p->next;
    }
}

int main()
{
    str *Man = NULL;
    str *Woman = NULL;
    Man = insert_list(Man,"zhangsan",12);
    Man = insert_list(Man,"lisi",12);
    Man = insert_list(Man,"zhaosan",13);
    Man = insert_list(Man,"wangwu",15);
    printf("男");
    display_list(Man);
    Woman = insert_list(Woman,"zhangli",12);
    Woman = insert_list(Woman,"shenli",12);
    Woman = insert_list(Woman,"xiaoli",12);
    printf("女");
    display_list(Woman);
    return 0;
}

3. 题目：将上面两个链表合并，按学生的年龄进行排序，合成新的链表

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct str
{
     char name[10];
     int age;
     struct str *next;
}str;
str *insert_list(str *temp,char name[],int age)
{
     str *p = (str*)malloc(sizeof(str));
     strcpy(p->name,name);
     p->age = age;
     p->next = temp;
     temp = p;
     return temp;
}
int display_list(str *p)
{
    printf("out:\n");
    while(p)
    {
         printf("%s\t%d\n",p->name,p->age);
	 p = p->next;
    }
}
str *connect(str *q,str *p)
{
    str *temp=NULL;
    temp = q;
    if(temp==NULL)
    {
        return p;
    }
    while(temp->next!=NULL)
    {
        temp = temp->next;
    }
    temp->next = p;
    return q;
}
str *rank_list(str *p)
{
   str *temp = p;
   str *ptr =  p;
   int  between=0;
   char string[10];
   while(temp->next)
   {
       while(ptr->next)
       {
            if((ptr->age)>(ptr->next->age))
	    {
	        between = ptr->age;
		ptr->age = ptr->next->age;
		ptr->next->age = between;
		strcpy(string,ptr->name);
		strcpy(ptr->name,ptr->next->name);
		strcpy(ptr->next->name,string);
	    }
	    ptr = ptr->next;
       }
       temp = temp->next;
       ptr = p;
   }
   return p;
}
int main()
{
    str *student = NULL;
    str *Man = NULL;
    str *Woman = NULL;
    Man = insert_list(Man,"zhangsan",14);
    Man = insert_list(Man,"lisi",13);
    Man = insert_list(Man,"zhaosan",12);
    Man = insert_list(Man,"wangwu",15);
    Woman = insert_list(Woman,"zhangli",16);
    Woman = insert_list(Woman,"shenli",10);
    Woman = insert_list(Woman,"xiaoli",11);
    student=connect(Man,Woman);
    student=rank_list(student);
    printf("学生");
    display_list(student);
    return 0;
}

4. 题目：将上题中建立的链表进行反转，实现按年龄的逆序排列

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct str
{
     char name[10];
     int age;
     struct str *next;
}str;
str *insert_list(str *temp,char name[],int age)
{
     str *p = (str*)malloc(sizeof(str));
     strcpy(p->name,name);
     p->age = age;
     p->next = temp;
     temp = p;
     return temp;
}
int display_list(str *p)
{
    printf("out:\n");
    while(p)
    {
         printf("%s\t%d\n",p->name,p->age);
	 p = p->next;
    }
}
str *connect(str *q,str *p)
{
    str *temp=NULL;
    temp = q;
    if(temp==NULL)
    {
        return p;
    }
    while(temp->next!=NULL)
    {
        temp = temp->next;
    }
    temp->next = p;
    return q;
}
str *rank_list(str *p)
{
   str *temp = p;
   str *ptr =  p;
   int  between=0;
   char string[10];
   while(temp->next)
   {
       while(ptr->next)
       {
            if((ptr->age)<(ptr->next->age))
	    {
	        between = ptr->age;
		ptr->age = ptr->next->age;
		ptr->next->age = between;
		strcpy(string,ptr->name);
		strcpy(ptr->name,ptr->next->name);
		strcpy(ptr->next->name,string);
	    }
	    ptr = ptr->next;
       }
       temp = temp->next;
       ptr = p;
   }
   return p;
}
int main()
{
    str *student = NULL;
    str *Man = NULL;
    str *Woman = NULL;
    Man = insert_list(Man,"zhangsan",14);
    Man = insert_list(Man,"lisi",13);
    Man = insert_list(Man,"zhaosan",12);
    Man = insert_list(Man,"wangwu",15);
    Woman = insert_list(Woman,"zhangli",16);
    Woman = insert_list(Woman,"shenli",10);
    Woman = insert_list(Woman,"xiaoli",11);
    student=connect(Man,Woman);
    student=rank_list(student);
    printf("学生");
    display_list(student);
    return 0;
}

5. 题目：在上面的实现的新链表中，给定一个年龄，迅速查找和该学生年龄最接近的学生姓名

提示：使用双向链表

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct stu
{
     char name[10];
     int age;
     struct stu *next;
     struct stu *before;
}stu;
stu * insert_list(stu *p,char name[],int age)
{
     stu *temp = (stu*)malloc(sizeof(stu));
     strcpy(temp->name,name);
     temp->age = age;
     if(p==NULL)
     {
        temp->next = NULL;
	temp->before = NULL;
        p = temp;
	return p;
     }
     temp->before=NULL;
     temp->next=p;
     p->before=temp;
     p = temp;
     return p;
}
void find_list(stu *p)
{
     int a[50]={0};
     stu *temp = p;
     int age=0;
     int i=0;
     int j=0;
     int num=100;
     int match=-1;
     printf("请输入一个年龄:");
     scanf("%d",&age);
     while(temp)
     {
         a[i] = (temp->age) - age;
	 temp = temp->next;
	 if(a[i]<0)
	 {
	    a[i]=0-a[i];
	 }
	 i++;
     }
     for(j=0;j<i;j++)
     {
         if(a[j]<num)
	 {
	    num = a[j];
	    match = j;
	 }
     }
     temp = p;
     for(j=0;j<match;j++)
     {
         temp = temp ->next;
     }
     printf("最匹配的同学:%s\n",temp->name);
}
void display(stu *student)
{
     stu *p = student;
     while(p)
     {
          printf("%s , %d\n",p->name,p->age);
	  p = p->next;
     }
}
int main()
{
     stu *student=NULL;
     student=insert_list(student,"zhangsan",11);
     student=insert_list(student,"lisi",12);
     student=insert_list(student,"wangwu",13);
     student=insert_list(student,"zhaoyi",14);
     student=insert_list(student,"qianer",15);
     display(student);
     find_list(student);
     return 0;
}

6. 题目：利用链表实现一个先入后出的栈结构,并提供栈操作的push和pop的接口

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef struct node
{
       int num;
       struct node *next;
}node;
node * Push(node *p,int num)
{
      node *temp= (node *)malloc(sizeof(node));
      temp->num=num;
      temp->next = p;
      p = temp;
}
node * Pop(node *p,int num)
{
      node *temp = p;
      p = p->next;
      free(temp);
      temp = NULL;
}
void display(node *p)
{
     node *temp = p;
     printf("遍历:");
     while(temp)
     {
         printf("%d\t",p->num);
	 p = p->next;
     }
     printf("\n");
}
int main()
{
     return 0;
}