bash 获取脚本存放路径_如何获取Bash脚本自己的路径

bash 获取脚本存放路径

Bash script may need to get its own path. In normal Bash script, $0 is the path to the script. However, when a script is sourced, such as . a.sh, a.sh‘s $0 does not give a.sh while the caller’s name. How to reliably get a bash script’s own path no matter whether the Bash script is executed or sourced is introduced in this post.

Bash 脚本可能需要获取自己的路径。 在普通的Bash脚本中， $0是脚本的路径。 但是，当脚本是源文件时，例如. a.sh . a.sh ， a.sh的$0不会在调用者的名字时给出a.sh 这篇文章介绍了如何可靠地获取bash脚本自己的路径，而不管Bash脚本是执行还是源代码。

简短答案∞ (Short answer ∞)

You can use ${BASH_SOURCE[0]} to get the script’s own path, in sourced or directly executed Bash script.

您可以使用${BASH_SOURCE[0]}获取源代码或直接执行的Bash脚本中脚本的自身路径。

为什么${BASH_SOURCE[0]}包含自己的路径∞ (Why ${BASH_SOURCE[0]} contains the own path ∞)

From bash manual:

从bash manual ：

BASH_SOURCE
An array variable whose members are the source filenames where the corresponding shell function names in the FUNCNAME array variable are defined. The shell function ${FUNCNAME[$i]} is defined in the file ${BASH_SOURCE[$i]} and called from ${BASH_SOURCE[$i+1]}.

BASH_SOURCE
一个数组变量，其成员是源文件名，在其中定义了FUNCNAME数组变量中的相应外壳函数名称。 外壳函数$ {FUNCNAME [$ i]}在文件$ {BASH_SOURCE [$ i]}中定义，并从$ {BASH_SOURCE [$ i + 1]}中调用。

What about ${BASH_SOURCE[0]? This following example shows it well.

${BASH_SOURCE[0]怎么样？ 下面的示例很好地说明了这一点。

We have 2 Bash scripts: a.sh and b.sh which is sourced by a.sh and contains a function.

我们有2个Bash脚本：a.sh和b.sh，它们由a.sh派生并包含一个函数。

a.sh

灰

#!/bin/bash

echo "\$0: $0"

echo ${FUNCNAME[0]} in ${BASH_SOURCE[0]}

. ./b.sh

b.sh

b.sh

#!/bin/bash

echo "\$0: $0"

echo ${FUNCNAME[0]} in ${BASH_SOURCE[0]}

fun() {
    echo ${FUNCNAME[0]} in ${BASH_SOURCE[0]}
    echo $0
}

fun

What happens if we run a.sh directly by sh a.sh?

如果我们直接由sh a.sh运行a.sh会发生什么？

The result is as follows.

结果如下。

$0: a.sh
main in a.sh
$0: a.sh
source in ./b.sh
fun in ./b.sh
a.sh

What about we source a.sh by . a.sh instead of executing it? It gives

那么我们通过提供a.sh呢. a.sh . a.sh而不是执行它？ 它给

$0: bash
source in a.sh
$0: bash
source in ./b.sh
fun in ./b.sh
bash

In summary, in sourced or directly executed bash script files, ${BASH_SOURCE[0] contains the path of the bash source file and ${FUNCNAME[0] contains “source” or “main”. So, ${BASH_SOURCE[0]} gives you a reliable variable for the Bash script source file path no matter whether it is used inside of a function and no matter whether the script is directed executed or sourced.

总之，在源或直接执行的bash脚本文件中 ， ${BASH_SOURCE[0]包含bash源文件的路径，而${FUNCNAME[0]包含“源”或“主”。 因此， ${BASH_SOURCE[0]}为您提供了一个可靠的Bash脚本源文件路径变量，无论它是在函数内部使用还是脚本是直接执行还是源代码化。

翻译自: https://www.systutorials.com/how-to-get-bash-scripts-own-path/

bash 获取脚本存放路径