go 学习 错误处理

defer.go

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"os"

	"bufio"

	"imooc.com/ccmouse/learngo/functional/fib"
)

func tryDefer() {
	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
		defer fmt.Println(i)
		if i == 30 {
			// Uncomment panic to see
			// how it works with defer
			// panic("printed too many")
		}
	}
}

func writeFile(filename string) {
	file, err := os.OpenFile(filename,
		os.O_EXCL|os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY, 0666)

	if err != nil {
		if pathError, ok := err.(*os.PathError); !ok {
			panic(err)
		} else {
			fmt.Printf("%s, %s, %s\n",
				pathError.Op,
				pathError.Path,
				pathError.Err)
		}
		return
	}
	defer file.Close()

	writer := bufio.NewWriter(file)
	defer writer.Flush()

	f := fib.Fibonacci()
	for i := 0; i < 20; i++ {
		fmt.Fprintln(writer, f())
	}
}

func main() {
	tryDefer()
	writeFile("fib.txt")
}

web.go

package main

import (
	"log"
	"net/http"
	_ "net/http/pprof"
	"os"

	"com.loit/learn/learngo/errhandling/filelistingserver/filelisting"
)

type appHandler func(writer http.ResponseWriter,
	request *http.Request) error

func errWrapper(
	handler appHandler) func(
	http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) {
	return func(writer http.ResponseWriter,
		request *http.Request) {
		// panic
		defer func() {
			if r := recover(); r != nil {
				log.Printf("Panic: %v", r)
				http.Error(writer,
					http.StatusText(http.StatusInternalServerError),
					http.StatusInternalServerError)
			}
		}()

		err := handler(writer, request)

		if err != nil {
			log.Printf("Error occurred "+
				"handling request: %s",
				err.Error())

			// user error
			if userErr, ok := err.(userError); ok {
				http.Error(writer,
					userErr.Message(),
					http.StatusBadRequest)
				return
			}

			// system error
			code := http.StatusOK
			switch {
			case os.IsNotExist(err):
				code = http.StatusNotFound
			case os.IsPermission(err):
				code = http.StatusForbidden
			default:
				code = http.StatusInternalServerError
			}
			http.Error(writer,
				http.StatusText(code), code)
		}
	}
}

type userError interface {
	error
	Message() string
}

func main() {
	http.HandleFunc("/",
		errWrapper(filelisting.HandleFileList))

	err := http.ListenAndServe(":8888", nil)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

errwrapper_test.go

package main

import (
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
	"net/http/httptest"
	"os"
	"strings"
	"testing"
)

func errPanic(_ http.ResponseWriter,
	_ *http.Request) error {
	panic(123)
}

type testingUserError string

func (e testingUserError) Error() string {
	return e.Message()
}

func (e testingUserError) Message() string {
	return string(e)
}

func errUserError(_ http.ResponseWriter,
	_ *http.Request) error {
	return testingUserError("user error")
}

func errNotFound(_ http.ResponseWriter,
	_ *http.Request) error {
	return os.ErrNotExist
}

func errNoPermission(_ http.ResponseWriter,
	_ *http.Request) error {
	return os.ErrPermission
}

func errUnknown(_ http.ResponseWriter,
	_ *http.Request) error {
	return errors.New("unknown error")
}

func noError(writer http.ResponseWriter,
	_ *http.Request) error {
	fmt.Fprintln(writer, "no error")
	return nil
}

var tests = []struct {
	h       appHandler
	code    int
	message string
}{
	{errPanic, 500, "Internal Server Error"},
	{errUserError, 400, "user error"},
	{errNotFound, 404, "Not Found"},
	{errNoPermission, 403, "Forbidden"},
	{errUnknown, 500, "Internal Server Error"},
	{noError, 200, "no error"},
}

func TestErrWrapper(t *testing.T) {
	for _, tt := range tests {
		f := errWrapper(tt.h)
		response := httptest.NewRecorder()
		request := httptest.NewRequest(
			http.MethodGet,
			"http://www.loit.com", nil)
		f(response, request)

		verifyResponse(response.Result(),
			tt.code, tt.message, t)
	}
}

func TestErrWrapperInServer(t *testing.T) {
	for _, tt := range tests {
		f := errWrapper(tt.h)
		server := httptest.NewServer(
			http.HandlerFunc(f))
		resp, _ := http.Get(server.URL)

		verifyResponse(
			resp, tt.code, tt.message, t)
	}
}

func verifyResponse(resp *http.Response,
	expectedCode int, expectedMsg string,
	t *testing.T) {
	b, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
	body := strings.Trim(string(b), "\n")
	if resp.StatusCode != expectedCode ||
		body != expectedMsg {
		t.Errorf("expect (%d, %s); "+
			"got (%d, %s)",
			expectedCode, expectedMsg,
			resp.StatusCode, body)
	}
}

handler.go

package filelisting

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
	"net/http"
	"os"
	"strings"
)

const prefix = "/list/"

type userError string

func (e userError) Error() string {
	return e.Message()
}

func (e userError) Message() string {
	return string(e)
}

func HandleFileList(writer http.ResponseWriter,
	request *http.Request) error {
	fmt.Println()
	if strings.Index(
		request.URL.Path, prefix) != 0 {
		return userError(
			fmt.Sprintf("path %s must start "+
				"with %s",
				request.URL.Path, prefix))
	}
	path := request.URL.Path[len(prefix):]
	file, err := os.Open(path)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer file.Close()

	all, err := ioutil.ReadAll(file)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	writer.Write(all)
	return nil
}

recover.go

package main

import (
	"fmt"
)

func tryRecover() {
	defer func() {
		r := recover()
		if r == nil {
			fmt.Println("Nothing to recover. " +
				"Please try uncomment errors " +
				"below.")
			return
		}
		if err, ok := r.(error); ok {
			fmt.Println("Error occurred:", err)
		} else {
			panic(fmt.Sprintf(
				"I don't know what to do: %v", r))
		}
	}()

	// Uncomment each block to see different panic
	// scenarios.
	// Normal error
	//panic(errors.New("this is an error"))

	// Division by zero
	//b := 0
	//a := 5 / b
	//fmt.Println(a)

	// Causes re-panic
	//panic(123)
}

func main() {
	tryRecover()
}