安装Oracle RAC 11g-优快云博客

本文详细介绍了在Oracle Linux 5u8环境下部署Oracle 11.2.0.5 RAC系统的步骤，包括软件包安装、系统配置、用户及权限设置、ASM磁盘配置等关键环节。

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OS：Oracle Linux 5u8
DB: Oracle 11.2.0.5

一：服务器环境

软件包安装

点击(此处)折叠或打开

yum -y install \
compat-db \
control-center \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
glibc \
glibc-common \
glibc-devel \
libstdc++ \
libstdc++-devel \
make \
sysstat \
libaio \
compat-libstdc++-33 \
glibc-headers \
kernel-headers \
libXp \
openmotif22 \
compat-libf2c \
compat-libgcc \
libgomp \
libXmu \
elfutils-libelf \
elfutils-libelf-devel \
elfutils-libelf-devel-static \
libaio-devel \
unixODBC \
unixODBC-devel \
libgcc

cat /etc/sysctl.conf

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# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Oracle Enterprise Linux
#
# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and
# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.
# Controls IP packet forwarding
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
# Controls source route verification
# See /usr/share/doc/kernel-doc-*/Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
# Do not accept source routing
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel
# Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename
# Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
# Controls the use of TCP syncookies
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
# Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes
# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue
# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes
# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages
## MLXNET tuning parameters ##
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_low_latency = 1
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 250000
net.core.optmem_max = 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 16777216 16777216 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 16777216
## END MLXNET ##
# For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for fs.file-max is 6815744
# For 10g, uncomment 'fs.file-max = 327679', and comment 'fs.file-max = 6553600' entry and re-run sysctl -p
# fs.file-max = 327679
fs.file-max = 6815744
# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.msgmni is 2878
kernel.msgmni = 2878
# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.msgmax is 8192
kernel.msgmax = 8192
# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.msgmnb is 65536
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.sem is '250 32000 100 142'
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 142
# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.shmmni is 4096
kernel.shmmni = 4096
# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.shmall is 1073741824
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.shmmax is 4398046511104 on x86_64 and 4294967295 on i386 architecture. Refer Note id 567506.1
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.sysrq is 1
kernel.sysrq = 1
# Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.rmem_default is 262144
net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
# For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304
# For 10g, uncomment 'net.core.rmem_max = 2097152', comment 'net.core.rmem_max = 4194304' entry and re-run sysctl -p
# net.core.rmem_max = 2097152
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
# Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.wmem_default is 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
# For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.wmem_max is 1048576
# For 10g, uncomment 'net.core.wmem_max = 262144', comment 'net.core.wmem_max = 1048576' entry for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p
# net.core.wmem_max = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
# Oracle-Validated setting for fs.aio-max-nr is 3145728
fs.aio-max-nr = 3145728
# For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500
# For 10g, uncomment 'net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000', comment 'net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500' entry and re-run sysctl -p
# net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
# Oracle-Validated setting for vm.min_free_kbytes is 51200 to avoid OOM killer
vm.min_free_kbytes = 51200

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

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# Oracle-Validated setting for nofile soft limit is 131072
oracle soft nofile 131072
grid soft nofile 131072
# Oracle-Validated setting for nofile hard limit is 131072
oracle hard nofile 131072
grid hard nofile 131072
# Oracle-Validated setting for nproc soft limit is 131072
oracle soft nproc 131072
grid soft nproc 131072
# Oracle-Validated setting for nproc hard limit is 131072
oracle hard nproc 131072
grid hard nproc 131072
# Oracle-Validated setting for core soft limit is unlimited
oracle soft core unlimited
grid soft core unlimited
# Oracle-Validated setting for core hard limit is unlimited
oracle hard core unlimited
grid hard core unlimited
# Oracle-Validated setting for memlock soft limit is 50000000
oracle soft memlock 50000000
grid soft memlock 50000000
# Oracle-Validated setting for memlock hard limit is 50000000
oracle hard memlock 50000000
grid hard memlock 50000000

vi /etc/pam.d/login
增加一行

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session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so

vi /etc/profile

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if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi

配置好DNS或GNS

vi /etc/hosts

点击(此处)折叠或打开

# Public Network - (eth0)
192.168.226.11 node1 node1.demo.com
192.168.226.12 node2 node2.demo.com
# Private Interconnect - (eth1)
10.1.1.1 node1-priv node1-priv.demo.com
10.1.1.2 node2-priv node2-priv.demo.com
# Public Virtual IP (VIP) addresses - (eth0:1)
192.168.226.21 node1-vip node1-vip.demo.com
192.168.226.22 node2-vip node2-vip.demo.com

创建用户和组

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groupadd -g 1000 oinstall
groupadd -g 1100 asmadmin
groupadd -g 1200 dba
groupadd -g 1201 oper
groupadd -g 1300 asmdba
groupadd -g 1301 asmoper
useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid
useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba oracle

然后用passwd修改grid和oracle用户密码

创建目录

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mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01
mkdir /u01/app/oracle
chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01

用户环境变量
vi. bash_profile

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#grid
# Oracle env settings
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
export GRID_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
export ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/oracle/common/oracle/sql
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:/u01/app/common/oracle/bin:$PATH:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/ctx/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export SQLPATH=~/admin/sql:$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin
export LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
export NLS_LANG='american_america.zhs16gbk'
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'
#oracle用户
# Oracle env settings
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=racdb1
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=racdb
export ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/oracle/common/oracle/sql
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:/u01/app/common/oracle/bin:$PATH:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/ctx/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export SQLPATH=~/admin/sql:$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin
export LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
export NLS_LANG='american_america.zhs16gbk'
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'

配置NTP服务

配置grid用户等效性

点击(此处)折叠或打开

mkdir ~/.ssh
chmod 700 ~/.ssh
ssh-keygen -t rsa
ssh-keygen -t dsa
#在rac1上执行：
cd ~/.ssh
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >>~/.ssh/authorized_keys
cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >>~/.ssh/authorized_keys
scp authorized_keys rac2:/home/grid/.ssh/
在rac2上执行
cd ~/.ssh
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >>~/.ssh/authorized_keys
cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >>~/.ssh/authorized_keys
scp authorized_keys rac1:/home/grid/.ssh/

安装cvuqdisk包

将grid安装目录中的grid/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.7-1rpm，分发到每个集群节点安装。然后运行验证。

点击(此处)折叠或打开

./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n node1,node2 -fixup -verbose

这里可能会出现有关NTP配置的错误：
PRVF-5436 : The NTP daemon running on one or more nodes lacks the slewing option "-x" 3.INFO: Clock synchronization check using Network Time Protocol(NTP) failed 4.INFO: PRVF-9652 : Cluster Time Synchronization Services check failed 原来是因为启动了NTP服务，并且没有加上-X这个参数。增加这个参数，不同的参数系统用不同方法，下面是LINUX的方法。

vi /etc/sysconfig/ntpd

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OPTIONS="-x -u ntp:ntp -p /var/run/ntpd.pid"

然后重启ntpd服务

配置ASMLib

安装RPM包
RHEL5：
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/linux/downloads/rhel5-084877.html#oracleasm_rhel5_amd64
RHEL6：
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/linux/asmlib/ol6-1709075.html

配置（所有节点都需要做）

点击(此处)折叠或打开

/etc/init.d/oracleasm configure

Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.

This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting without typing an
answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.

Default user to own the driver interface []: grid
Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]:
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [ OK ]
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: [ OK ]

为每个将用作ASM磁盘的iscsi磁盘做好分区，然后创建ASM磁盘

点击(此处)折叠或打开

[root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk OCRVDISK1 /dev/sdc1
Marking disk "OCRVDISK1" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
[root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk OCRVDISK2 /dev/sdd1
Marking disk "OCRVDISK2" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
[root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk OCRVDISK3 /dev/sde1
Marking disk "OCRVDISK3" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
[root@node1 ~]#
[root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DBFILE1 /dev/sdf1
Marking disk "DBFILE1" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
[root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DBFILE2 /dev/sdg1
Marking disk "DBFILE2" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
[root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DBFILE3 /dev/sdh1
Marking disk "DBFILE3" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
[root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk FRA1 /dev/sdi1
Marking disk "FRA1" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
[root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk FRA2 /dev/sdj1
Marking disk "FRA2" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
[root@node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk FRA3 /dev/sdk1
Marking disk "FRA3" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]