hadoop实践（三）hadoop 集群配置

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原创最新推荐文章于 2026-08-02 13:28:58 发布 1.7k 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

解决报错显示：【客户端：IPC客户端（1783083399）到主机的连接/192.168.73.130:8088从根目录：已停止，剩余连接0】 22/03/18 11:34:00 DEBUG ipc.Client: IPC Client (1783083399) connection to master/192.168.73.130:8088 from root: stopped, remaining connections 0 java.io.IOException: Failed on local exception: com.google.protobuf.InvalidProtocolBufferException: Protocol me 阅读详情

第一步：集群规划

master 192.168.136.140
slave1 192.168.136.151
slave2 192.168.136.152

第二步：配置环境变量：

1） vi /etc/profile 在最后面添加如下代码：

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_80
export JAVA_BIN=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_80/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export JAVA_HOME JAVA_BIN PATH CLASSPATH
export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4 
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:</span></span>

使之生效：[root@master dfs]# source /etc/profile

2）vi /etc/hosts文件在最后面添加如下内容：

[root@master dfs]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
192.168.136.140 master.hadoop
192.168.136.151 slave1.hadoop
192.168.136.152 slave2.hadoop

第三步：配置hadoop （master 192.168.136.140）

使用hadoop用户，进入目录/opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4/etc/hadoop

1) [hadoop@master hadoop]$ vim core-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/usr/hadoop/tmp</value>
<description>Abase for other temporary directories.</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://master.hadoop:9000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>io.file.buffer.size</name>
<value>4096</value>
</property>
</configuration>

2) vim hadoop-env.sh 和 yarn-env.sh 在开头添加如下环境变量(一定要添加切勿少了)

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_80

3）vim hdfs-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>file:///usr/hadoop/dfs/name</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>file:///usr/hadoop/dfs/data</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>2</value>
</property>

<property>
<name>dfs.nameservices</name>
<value>hadoop-cluster1</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
<value>master.hadoop:50090</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
</configuration>

4) vim mapred-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
<final>true</final>
</property>

<property>
<name>mapreduce.jobtracker.http.address</name>
<value>master.hadoop:50030</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
<value>master.hadoop:10020</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
<value>master.hadoop:19888</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapred.job.tracker</name>
<value>http://master.hadoop:9001</value>
</property>
</configuration>

5）vim yarn-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>

<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
<value>master.hadoop</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
<value>master.hadoop:8032</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
<value>master.hadoop:8030</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
<value>master.hadoop:8031</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>
<value>master.hadoop:8033</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
<value>master.hadoop:8088</value>
</property>
</configuration>

第五步单机验证

1）如果没有启动进程（start-all.sh）

执行： [hadoop@master sbin]$ hadoop dfsadmin -report

正常是报告连接不上端口:9000

16/06/12 15:28:41 DEBUG ipc.Client: Connecting to master.hadoop/192.168.136.140:9000
16/06/12 15:28:41 DEBUG ipc.Client: closing ipc connection to master.hadoop/192.168.136.140:9000: Connection refused
java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:744)
at org.apache.hadoop.net.SocketIOWithTimeout.connect(SocketIOWithTimeout.java:206)
at org.apache.hadoop.net.NetUtils.connect(NetUtils.java:530)

2) 进程已经启动（start-all.sh）

执行： [hadoop@master sbin]$ hadoop dfsadmin -report

补充说明：本人系统，上面1）情况下在执行时，开始并没有认识到进程没有启动，排查中发现另外一个问题：

补充-1）增加debug调试
[hadoop@master hadoop-2.6.4]$ export HADOOP_ROOT_LOGGER=DEBUG,console
[hadoop@master hadoop-2.6.4]$
[hadoop@master hadoop-2.6.4]$ hadoop dfsadmin -report
。。。。
16/06/12 12:59:11 DEBUG util.NativeCodeLoader: Failed to load native-hadoop with error: java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4/lib/native/libhadoop.so.1.0.0: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.14' not found (required by /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4/lib/native/libhadoop.so.1.0.0)
。。。。。

注意到这里有 `GLIBC_2.14' not found

补充-2）查看系统版本：
[hadoop@master hadoop-2.6.4]$ ll /lib64/libc.so.6
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 12 Apr 28 14:43 /lib64/libc.so.6 -> libc-2.12.so

因此，去查找解决办法：

坑啊！！！
补充-3）解决

到网站http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/glibc/
下载glibc-2.14.tar.bz2
下载glibc-linuxthreads-2.5.tar.bz2
[root@master soft]# tar -jxvf /home/hadoop/soft/glibc-2.14.tar.bz2
[root@master soft]# cd glibc-2.14/
[root@masterglibc-2.14]# tar -jxvf /home/hadoop/soft/glibc-linuxthreads-2.5.tar.bz2
[root@master glibc-2.14]# cd .. #必须返回上级目录
[root@master glibc-2.14]# export CFLAGS="-g -O2" #加上优化开关，否则会出现错误
[root@master soft]# ./glibc-2.14/configure --prefix=/usr --disable-profile --enable-add-ons --with-headers=/usr/include --with-binutils=/usr/bin
[root@master soft]# make #编译，执行很久，可能出错，出错再重新执行
[root@master soft]# make install #安装，必须root用户执行
#验证版本是否升级
[root@master soft]# ll /lib64/libc.so.6
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Jun 25 02:07 /lib64/libc.so.6 -> libc-2.14.so #显示2.14

注意两台slaves也需要如法炮制

第六步：集群配置

1） master上

进入/opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4/etc/hadoop目录， hadoop用户

[hadoop@master hadoop]$ vim slaves
slave1.hadoop
slave2.hadoop

2）登录：master将hadoop整个的copy到另外两台机器上面

scp -r /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4 192.168.136.151:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4
scp -r /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4 192.168.136.152:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4

3）配置两位两台机器上面的下面两个文件配置。
/etc/hosts
/ets/profile
配置内容和master一致

4）将三台机器的防火墙关闭掉：
root用户下：service iptables stop

到此：整个三台Hadoop的集群的机器算是配置完成了；

第七步：集群验证

master上验证：

[hadoop@master hadoop]$ jps
119213 ResourceManager
119544 Jps
118968 NameNode

说明：本机一开始NameNode 没有，显然是有问题，后面解决（解决方法看后面补充）

slave1 上验证：

[hadoop@slave1 hadoop-2.6.4]$ jps
59295 Jps
59045 DataNode
59150 NodeManager

slave2 上验证：

[hadoop@slave2 hadoop]$ jps
59201 NodeManager
59096 DataNode
59345 Jps

登录web验证：

http://192.168.136.140:8088/cluster/nodes

http://192.168.136.140:50070/dfshealth.html#tab-overview

这两个网址能顺利打开，就表示ok

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

补充一:NameNode 没有正常启动的解决

首先查log：

2016-06-12 13:25:46,764 FATAL org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode: Failed to start namenode.
org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.common.InconsistentFSStateException: Directory /usr/hadoop/dfs/name is in an inconsistent state: storage directory does not exist or is not accessible.
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSImage.recoverStorageDirs(FSImage.java:314)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSImage.recoverTransitionRead(FSImage.java:202)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.loadFSImage(FSNamesystem.java:1022)

/usr/hadoop/dfs/name 看来是没有，手工验证一下，确实不会自己创建，有点弱智。重新创建这该用户。

再次启动，还是报错，但是错误变化了：

2016-06-12 15:20:04,608 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.common.Storage: Lock on /usr/hadoop/dfs/name/in_use.lock acquired by nodename 116900@master.hadoop
2016-06-12 15:20:04,611 WARN org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem: Encountered exception loading fsimage
java.io.IOException: NameNode is not formatted.
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSImage.recoverTransitionRead(FSImage.java:212)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.loadFSImage(FSNamesystem.java:1022)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.loadFromDisk(FSNamesystem.java:741)

NameNode is not formatted. 于是格式化一下，具体命令：

[hadoop@master hadoop-2.6.4]$ bin/hadoop namenode -format
DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute hdfs command is deprecated.
Instead use the hdfs command for it.

16/06/12 15:25:49 INFO namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG:
/************************************************************
STARTUP_MSG: Starting NameNode
STARTUP_MSG: host = master.hadoop/192.168.136.140
STARTUP_MSG: args = [-format]
STARTUP_MSG: version = 2.6.4

。。。。。

最后再次重新启动 start-all.sh 注意格式化前最好先stop-all.sh

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

补充二： master 执行jps 只看到2个进程

[hadoop@master hadoop]$ jps
119213 ResourceManager
119544 Jps
118968 NameNode

缺少了secondarynamenode进程，排除了好久，才发现start-all.sh里面就没有secondarynamenode启动项目，补充后执行正常启动，再次执行jps

[hadoop@master ~]$ jps
3303 ResourceManager
3871 Jps
3677 SecondaryNameNode
3058 NameNode

hadoop-daemons.sh --config $HADOOP_CONF_DIR --hosts secondarynamenode start secondarynamenode