spring3.1 mvc 对ajax的支持

最新推荐文章于 2025-11-28 10:38:42 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-11-28 10:38:42 发布 · 130 阅读

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#测试 #java #javascript #ViewUI

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本文介绍如何使用Spring MVC进行基本配置，并展示如何利用其对AJAX的支持实现前端与后端交互。通过定义Controller类、创建配置文件、设置web.xml，实现了简单请求处理与响应。此外，演示了如何通过AJAX发送POST请求到Spring MVC服务器，成功保存数据并显示返回值。

最近学习了一下spring mvc，其简单的配置和对ajax的支持让笔者真是眼前一亮，

在这里记录下来方便以后查询

首先定义UserController类，相当于struts里德action类

package com.alfa.action;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;


import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.alfa.model.Mail;
import com.alfa.model.User;
import com.alfa.service.FrontDesk;

@Controller
public class UserController {
	
	@Autowired
	private FrontDesk frontDesk;

	@RequestMapping("/user/addTest")
	public @ResponseBody User addTest(){
		System.out.println("xxx");
		User user = new User();
		user.setId(1);
		user.setUsername("xxx");
		return user;
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("/user/addTest1")
	@ResponseBody
	public String addTest1(){
		System.out.println("xxx");
		User user = new User();
		user.setId(1);
		user.setUsername("xxx");
		return "yyy";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("/user/addTest2")
	@ResponseBody
	public List<User> addTest2(){
		System.out.println("xxx2");
		List<User> users = new ArrayList<>();
		User user = null;
		for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
			user = new User();
			user.setId(i);
			user.setUsername("xxx"+i);
			users.add(user);
			
		}
		return users;
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("/user/addTest3")
	@ResponseBody
	public Map<String, Object> addTest3(){
		System.out.println("xxx");
		Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
		map.put("str", "xxx");
		map.put("csg", "xxx");
		return map;
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("/user/addTest4")
	@ResponseBody
	public boolean addTest4(User user){
		System.out.println(user.getId());
		System.out.println(user.getUsername());
		return true;
	}
			
}

在src目录下创建一个spring-servlet.xml文件，也可以从下载的spring文档里copy，类似于struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"

		>
<!-- 自动扫描action包里的带有@Contaoller注解的类-->

   <context:component-scan base-package="com.alfa.action"></context:component-scan>
   <mvc:annotation-driven/>
   <!-- 启动Spring MVC的注解功能，完成请求和注解POJO的映射请求映射-->
   <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
	 
	
    <bean id="viewResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
		<property name="viewClass"
			value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
		
	</bean>

</beans>

接下来就是web.xml

 <servlet>
   <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
   <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
   <init-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
   </init-param>
   <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
   <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
   <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

核心的就是这些配置，页面上的触发

javascript 代码

$.ajax({
    		   type:'POST',
			   url: '${ctx}/user/addTest.html',
			   dataType : 'json',  
			   success: function(data){
			     alert("Data Saved: "+data.username);
			   },
			   error:function(data){
				   alert("error1");
			   }
			});