spring boot recipes第二章 spring boot basics笔记

本文深入探讨了SpringBoot中关键注解的使用和作用,包括@Component、@PostConstruct、@Bean、@Autowired、@Value、@ImportResource和@Component、@Service、@Controller、@Repository的特性及应用场景。

@Component

标志一个类是一个bean,Spring Boot will detect this class and create a bean instance from it

spring boot将会探测这个类并创建一个bean实例。

@PostConstructor 

@PostConstruct annotated method is invoked after construction and injection of all dependencies

 加了这个注解的方法将会在该bean所有依赖的注入和构造完成后触发。

@bean

 When using parameters in a @Bean annotated method, those will automatically be resolved; and when injecting a collection, Spring will automatically detect all instances of the beans required and use that to invoke the calculator factory  method.

在一个加了@bean注解的方法中,所有的参数均会被自动处理(实例化),当注入一个集合时,Spring将会探测所有的bean实例,然后加入集合中。

@AutoWired 

When annotating the Calculator with @Component, Spring will detect it. The single constructor in the class will be used to construct it. When there are multiple constructors, annotate the one to use with @Autowired 

当一个类有多个构造方法时,对要使用的构造方法加注解@AutoWired

这个注解的作用是将其他的类,接口引入,类似于之前的类的初始化等,用这个注解,类中或接口的方法就可以直接调用了。

@Component负责创建实例(也就是bean)并存入IOC容器,@Autowired取出实例注入到引用上。

@Value("${lhs}")

Spring would try to detect a property named lhs and use the value. You could also specify a default value by adding a semicolon. With @Value("${lhs:12}"), if no value can be found it will use 12. If there is no default value specified, an IllegalArgumentException will be thrown for missing properties. 

Spring将会探测并使用一个叫lhs的属性值,r你也可以设置一个默认值,如果没有在Properties文件中找到将会使用默认值,这种情况下如果没有默认值将会报错 IAE。

@ImportResource

@PropertyResource 

@Component@Service@Controller@Repository是spring注解,注解后可以被spring框架所扫描并注入到spring容器来进行管理 
@Component是通用注解,其他三个注解是这个注解的拓展,并且具有了特定的功能 
@Repository注解在持久层中,具有将数据库操作抛出的原生异常翻译转化为spring的持久层异常的功能。 
@Controller层是spring-mvc的注解,具有将请求进行转发,重定向的功能。 
@Service层是业务逻辑层注解,这个注解只是标注该类处于业务逻辑层。 
用这些注解对应用进行分层之后,就能将请求处理,义务逻辑处理,数据库操作处理分离出来,为代码解耦,也方便了以后项目的维护和开发。

Solve all your Spring Boot 2 problems using complete and real-world code examples. When you start a new project, you’ll be able to copy the code and configuration files from this book, and then modify them for your needs. This can save you a great deal of work over creating a project from scratch. Using a problem-solution approach, Spring Boot 2 Recipes quickly introduces you to Pivotal's Spring Boot 2 micro-framework, then dives into code snippets on how to apply and integrate Spring Boot 2 with the Spring MVC web framework, Spring Web Sockets, and microservices. You'll also get solutions to common problems with persistence, integrating Spring Boot with batch processing, algorithmic programming via Spring Batch, and much more. Other recipes cover topics such as using and integrating Boot with Spring's enterprise services, Spring Integration, testing, monitoring and more. What You'll Learn Get reusable code recipes and snippets for the Spring Boot 2 micro-framework Discover how Spring Boot 2 integrates with other Spring APIs, tools, and frameworks Access Spring MVC and the new Spring Web Sockets for simpler web development Work with microservices for web services development and integration with your Spring Boot applications Add persistence and a data tier seamlessly to make your Spring Boot web application do more Integrate enterprise services to create a more complex Java application using Spring Boot Who This Book Is For Experienced Java and Spring programmers. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Spring Boot—Introduction Chapter 2: Spring BootBasics Chapter 3: Spring MVC Chapter 4: Spring MVC - Async Chapter 5: Spring WebFlux Chapter 6: Spring Security Chapter 7: Data Access Chapter 8: Java Enterprise Services Chapter 9: Messaging Chapter 10: Spring Boot Actuator Chapter 11: Packaging
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