本文详细介绍了在CentOS 6.1环境下安装Redis 4.0.6的步骤，包括下载安装包、依赖安装、编译安装以及三种启动方式：直接执行、后台进程启动和设置开机自启动。通过本文，读者可以全面了解Redis的安装配置过程。
一、 安装环境信息
Linux 操作系统： centos6.1
Redis版本：redis-4.0.6.tar.gz
二、redis 安装
第一步：获取redis安装包到路径
1）官网地址 ：https://redis.io/ ，下载reids安装包
2）通过wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.6.tar.gz 在线下载redis安装包
以下用wget获取安装包并安装redis服务：
[root@zero tools]# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.6.tar.gz
--2019-07-01 13:51:30-- http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.6.tar.gz
Resolving download.redis.io... 109.74.203.151
Connecting to download.redis.io|109.74.203.151|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1723533 (1.6M) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: “redis-4.0.6.tar.gz”
100%[===================================================================================================================>] 1,723,533 10.2K/s in 2m 50s
2019-07-01 13:54:21 (9.88 KB/s) - “redis-4.0.6.tar.gz” saved [1723533/1723533]
第二步：解压压缩包
[root@zero tools]# tar -zxvf redis-4.0.6.tar.gz
[root@zero tools]# ll
total 56124
drwxrwxr-x. 6 root root 4096 Dec 5 2017 redis-4.0.6
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1723533 Dec 5 2017 redis-4.0.6.tar.gz
第三步：redis安装需要gcc依赖，需要先安装完成在安装reids服务，通过在线安装gcc依赖，直接通过yum安装gcc依赖
[root@zero tools]# yum install gcc
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
gcc x86_64 4.4.7-23.el6 base 10 M
Installing for dependencies:
cloog-ppl x86_64 0.15.7-1.2.el6 base 93 k
cpp x86_64 4.4.7-23.el6 base 3.7 M
glibc-devel x86_64 2.12-1.212.el6_10.3 updates 991 k
glibc-headers x86_64 2.12-1.212.el6_10.3 updates 620 k
kernel-headers x86_64 2.6.32-754.15.3.el6 updates 4.6 M
mpfr x86_64 2.4.1-6.el6 base 157 k
ppl x86_64 0.10.2-11.el6 base 1.3 M
Updating for dependencies:
glibc x86_64 2.12-1.212.el6_10.3 updates 3.8 M
glibc-common x86_64 2.12-1.212.el6_10.3 updates 14 M
libgcc x86_64 4.4.7-23.el6 base 104 k
libgomp x86_64 4.4.7-23.el6 base 135 k
tzdata noarch 2019a-1.el6 updates 513 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================
Install 8 Package(s)
Upgrade 5 Package(s)
ownloading Packages:
(1/13): cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 93 kB 00:00
(2/13): cpp-4.4.7-23.el6.x86_64.rpm | 3.7 MB 00:06
(3/13): gcc-4.4.7-23.el6.x86_64.rpm | 10 MB 00:17
(4/13): glibc-2.12-1.212.el6_10.3.x86_64.rpm | 3.8 MB 00:06
(5/13): glibc-common-2.12-1.212.el6_10.3.x86_64.rpm | 14 MB 00:27
(6/13): glibc-devel-2.12-1.212.el6_10.3.x86_64.rpm | 991 kB 00:01
(7/13): glibc-headers-2.12-1.212.el6_10.3.x86_64.rpm | 620 kB 00:01
(8/13): kernel-headers-2.6.32-754.15.3.el6.x86_64.rpm | 4.6 MB 00:08
(9/13): libgcc-4.4.7-23.el6.x86_64.rpm | 104 kB 00:00
(10/13): libgomp-4.4.7-23.el6.x86_64.rpm | 135 kB 00:00
(11/13): mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64.rpm | 157 kB 00:00
(12/13): ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm | 1.3 MB 00:01
(13/13): tzdata-2019a-1.el6.noarch.rpm
Installed:
gcc.x86_64 0:4.4.7-23.el6
Dependency Installed:
cloog-ppl.x86_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6 cpp.x86_64 0:4.4.7-23.el6 glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.212.el6_10.3 glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.212.el6_10.3
kernel-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.32-754.15.3.el6 mpfr.x86_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6 ppl.x86_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6
Dependency Updated:
glibc.x86_64 0:2.12-1.212.el6_10.3 glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.12-1.212.el6_10.3 libgcc.x86_64 0:4.4.7-23.el6 libgomp.x86_64 0:4.4.7-23.el6
tzdata.noarch 0:2019a-1.el6
Complete!
第三步：编译安装
[root@zero redis]# make MALLOC=libc
cd src && make all
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/redis/src'
LINK redis-cli
CC redis-benchmark.o
LINK redis-benchmark
INSTALL redis-check-rdb
INSTALL redis-check-aof
Hint: It's a good idea to run 'make test' ;)
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/redis/src'
三、启动redis的三种方式
切换当前到目录到redis/src 路径下：
[root@zero redis]# cd src/
[root@zero src]#
1、直接执行./redis-server 启动redis服务
[root@zero src]# ./redis-server
19836:C 27 Jun 16:02:05.388 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
19836:C 27 Jun 16:02:05.388 # Redis version=4.0.6, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=19836, just started
19836:C 27 Jun 16:02:05.388 # Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use ./redis-server /path/to/redis.conf
19836:M 27 Jun 16:02:05.388 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 1024).
_._
_.-``__ ''-._
_.-`` `. `_. ''-._ Redis 4.0.6 (00000000/0) 64 bit
.-`` .-```. ```\/ _.,_ ''-._
( ' , .-` | `, ) Running in standalone mode
|`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'| Port: 6379
| `-._ `._ / _.-' | PID: 19836
`-._ `-._ `-./ _.-' _.-'
|`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'|
| `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' | http://redis.io
`-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-'
|`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'|
| `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' |
`-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-'
`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'
`-._ _.-'
`-.__.-'
19836:M 27 Jun 16:02:05.389 # WARNING: The TCP backlog setting of 511 cannot be enforced because /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn is set to the lower value of 128.
19836:M 27 Jun 16:02:05.389 # Server initialized
19836:M 27 Jun 16:02:05.389 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.
19836:M 27 Jun 16:02:05.389 * DB loaded from disk: 0.000 seconds
19836:M 27 Jun 16:02:05.389 * Ready to accept connections
备注：最直接到启动方式，但这种方式不建议使用，启动服务以后服务redis窗口就不能关闭，窗口需要一直开着，导致关闭窗口就会停止redis服务
2、以后台进程方式启动redis服务
第一步：修改redis.conf文件
打开redis到配置文件redis.conf文件，找到daemonize属性值
[root@zero redis]# vim redis.comf
################################# GENERAL #####################################
# By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it.
# Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.
# 修改下面到 daemonize 属性值为 yes ，默认配置no不为默认守护进程
daemonize yes
:wq
修改配置文件保存:wq 保存退出当前文件
第二步：启动redis ，通过制定配置文件redis.conf
[root@zero redis]# src/redis-server redis.conf
20169:C 27 Jun 16:09:38.423 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
20169:C 27 Jun 16:09:38.423 # Redis version=4.0.6, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=20169, just started
20169:C 27 Jun 16:09:38.423 # Configuration loaded
查看当前reids是否启动成功
[root@zero redis]# ps -ef|grep redis
root 20170 1 0 16:09 ? 00:00:00 src/redis-server 127.0.0.1:6379
root 20175 16254 0 16:09 pts/1 00:00:00 grep redis
[root@zero redis]#
可以看到有一个20170到进程，同时可以通过redis客户端操作看是否正到启动成功
[root@zero redis]# ./src/redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> set key1 value1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get key1
"value1"
127.0.0.1:6379>
以上操作可以对redis 数据到添加和获取
使用kill命令结束刚刚启动到redis后台进程
[root@zero redis]# kill -9 20170
3、设置redis开机自启动，也是推荐到一种启动方式
1、在/etc目录下新建redis目录
[root@zero etc]# mkdir redis
2、将/usr/local/redis-4.0.6/redis.conf 文件复制一份到/etc/redis目录下，并命名为6379.conf
[root@zero etc]# cp /usr/local/redis/redis.conf redis/6379.conf
3、将redis的启动脚本复制一份放到/etc/init.d目录下
[root@zero etc]# cp /usr/local/redis/utils/redis_init_script init.d/redisd
4、设置redis开机自启动，先切换到/etc/init.d目录下执行自启命令
[root@zero etc]# chkconfig redisd on
service redisd does not support chkconfig
结果显示是redisd不支持chkconfig
解决方法：
使用vim编辑redisd文件，在第一行加入如下两行注释，保存退出
# chkconfig: 2345 90 10
# description: Redis is a persistent key-value database
注释的意思是，redis服务必须在运行级2，3，4，5下被启动或关闭，启动的优先级是90，关闭的优先级是10。
再次执行开机自启命令，成功
[root@zero etc]# chkconfig redisd on
现在可以直接已服务的形式启动和关闭redis了启动：
service redisd start
[root@zero etc]# service redisd start
Starting Redis server...
20898:C 27 Jun 16:23:30.305 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
20898:C 27 Jun 16:23:30.305 # Redis version=4.0.6, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=20898, just started
20898:C 27 Jun 16:23:30.305 # Configuration loaded
[root@zero etc]# ps -ef|grep redis
root 20899 1 0 16:23 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/bin/redis-server 127.0.0.1:6379
root 20904 16254 0 16:23 pts/1 00:00:00 grep redis
关闭：
service redisd stop
root@zero etc]# service redisd stop
Stopping ...
Waiting for Redis to shutdown ...
Redis stopped
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