4-1 复数类的运算符重载--成员运算符重载、友元运算符重载

最新推荐文章于 2021-10-31 12:57:24 发布

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本文介绍了一个简单的C++程序，用于实现复数类的定义、基本运算（加法和减法），以及如何通过重载运算符来实现复数的输入输出。程序展示了如何创建复数对象，并进行加减运算。

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#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;
class Complex
{
    private:
    double real;
    double imag;
    public:
    Complex(double a = 0,double b = 0)//构造函数
    {
        real = a;
        imag = b;
    }
    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &,Complex &);//友元运算符重载声明
    Complex operator+(Complex &);
    Complex operator-(Complex &); //普通运算符重载声明
};
Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &c1)
{
    Complex c;
    c.real = c1.real + real;
    c.imag = c1.imag + imag;
    return c;
}
Complex Complex::operator-(Complex &c1)
{
    Complex c;
    c.real = real - c1.real;
    c.imag = imag - c1.imag;
    return c;
}
ostream &operator<<(ostream & output,Complex &c)//类外部写函数时，友元函数不加friend
{
    output<<c.real;
    if(c.imag != 0)
    {
        if(c.imag > 0)
        {
            output<<"+";
        }
    }
    output<<c.imag<<"i";
    return output;
}
int main()
{
    Complex a(3.2,4.5),b(8.9,5.6);
    cout<<"a="<<a<<endl;
    cout<<"b="<<b<<endl;
    Complex c;
    c = a + b;
    cout<<"a+b="<<c<<endl;
    c = a - b;
    cout<<"a-b="<<c<<endl;
    return 0;
}