串口转接线以及在家启动realarm的过程

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本文详细记录了ARM6410开发板在Linux下的启动过程，包括硬件初始化、内核加载、文件系统挂载等步骤，并分析了串口线连接方式对调试的影响。

在家想玩玩6410，串口转接线没有带过来。

重新制作了一根。

pc端，我是usb转串口（公口）

arm机子端，是个公口的。

那么，转接线是母对母。

接到串口00上。这个板子还有个串口3.

==========

我本以为就是个延长线，但是发现，不是那么简单的。不是直连的方式，是交叉方式。

连接方式是交叉连接 5--5 ，2--3 ，3--2，这样才能输出信息。

==========

http://blog.ednchina.com/talent8791/193228/message.aspx 前辈探讨了这个问题：

近来搞ARM9，前段时间，从师兄拿了块广嵌的开发板，但是，启动开机串口就没有输出信息！郁闷了，后来在相关群里问了才知道，串口也分直连和交叉，和网线类似。从这次中，我得到一下结论：

第一：51单片机，ARM7的开发板基本上都是用直连串口线的（串口调试）（是否是直连和交叉要看电路设计者的电路设计咯）；

第二：ARM9基本就是用交叉串口线来输出开机信息的！（电路是这样设计的，嘿嘿）

第三：确定串口输出是否正常的方法就是用示波器观察串口的2和3脚，看是否有输出信息！

第四：直连的，2脚与2脚导通；交叉的，2脚与3脚导通！

================

realarm 6410 version 3.1 的linux输出信息为：

OK

U-Boot 1.1.6 (Jun 18 2010 - 23:35:06) for SMDK6410

CPU: S3C6410@800MHz

Fclk = 800MHz, Hclk = 133MHz, Pclk = 66MHz, Serial = CLKUART (SYNC Mode)

Board: SMDK6410

DRAM: 256 MB

Flash: 0 kB

NAND: Maf. ID is d3

1024 MB

In: serial

Out: serial

Err: serial

Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0

NAND read: device 0 offset 0x40000, size 0x300000 NAND的偏移地址吧。

s3c-nand: 1 bit(s) error detected, corrected successfully

3145728 bytes read: OK

Boot with zImage

Starting kernel ...

Uncompressing Linux.................................................................................................................................................................. done, booting the kernel.

Linux version 2.6.28.6 (figo@figo-desktop) (gcc version 4.3.2 (Sourcery G++ Lite 2008q3-72) ) #528 PREEMPT Sun Jun 20 13:56:56 CST 2010 这个是realarm讨论版版主figo，使用的gcc是4.3.2，

CPU: ARMv6-compatible processor [410fb766] revision 6 (ARMv7), cr=00c5387f 兼容armv6指令系统的arm v7么

CPU: VIPT nonaliasing data cache, VIPT nonaliasing instruction cache

Machine: SMDK6410

Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback

CPU S3C6410 (id 0x36410101)

这是在设置什么

S3C64XX: PLL settings, A=800000000, M=532000000, E=24000000

S3C64XX: HCLKx2=266666666, HCLK=133333333, PCLK=66666666

div1: 00000555

mout_apll: source is fout_apll (1), rate is 800000000

mout_epll: source is fout_epll (1), rate is 24000000

mout_mpll: source is mpll (1), rate is 532000000

mmc_bus: source is dout_mpll (1), rate is 44333333

usb-host-bus: source is mout_epll (0), rate is 24000000

uclk1: source is dout_mpll (1), rate is 66500000

spi_epll: source is mout_epll (0), rate is 24000000

sclk_audio0: source is mout_epll (0), rate is 24000000

sclk_audio1: source is mout_epll (0), rate is 24000000

sclk_audio2: source is mout_epll (0), rate is 24000000

irda-bus: source is mout_epll (0), rate is 24000000 下面的SDRAM都有内存被保留用

s3c64xx: 10485760 bytes SDRAM reserved for fimc at 0x50751000

s3c64xx: 8388608 bytes SDRAM reserved for pp at 0x51151000

s3c64xx: 8388608 bytes SDRAM reserved for tv at 0x51951000

s3c64xx: 6291456 bytes SDRAM reserved for mfc at 0x52151000

s3c64xx: 4194304 bytes SDRAM reserved for jpeg at 0x52751000

s3c64xx: 1048576 bytes SDRAM reserved for cmm at 0x52b51000

s3c64xx: 19922944 bytes SDRAM reserved for s3c-g3d at 0x52c51000

Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 65024

Kernel command line: noinitrd console=ttySAC0 init=/linuxrc ubi.mtd=1 root=ubi0:rootfs rootfstype=ubifs

PID hash table entries: 1024 (order: 10, 4096 bytes)

Console: colour dummy device 80x30

console [ttySAC0] enabled

Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)

Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)

Memory: 256MB = 256MB total

Memory: 196864KB available (4708K code, 519K data, 144K init)

SLUB: Genslabs=12, HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1

Calibrating delay loop... 797.90 BogoMIPS (lpj=1994752)

Mount-cache hash table entries: 512

CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok

net_namespace: 288 bytes

NET: Registered protocol family 16

S3C6410: Initialising architecture

Total 32 DMA channels will be initialized.

SCSI subsystem initialized

usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs

usbcore: registered new interface driver hub

usbcore: registered new device driver usb

cfg80211: Using static regulatory domain info

cfg80211: Regulatory domain: US

(start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp)

(2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (600 mBi, 2700 mBm)

(5170000 KHz - 5190000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (600 mBi, 2300 mBm)

(5190000 KHz - 5210000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (600 mBi, 2300 mBm)

(5210000 KHz - 5230000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (600 mBi, 2300 mBm)

(5230000 KHz - 5330000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (600 mBi, 2300 mBm)

(5735000 KHz - 5835000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (600 mBi, 3000 mBm)

cfg80211: Calling CRDA for country: US

NET: Registered protocol family 2

IP route cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)

TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)

TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)

TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192)

TCP reno registered

NET: Registered protocol family 1

S5P64XX ADC driver successfully probed

NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.97 (double precision)

ashmem: initialized

yaffs Jun 20 2010 13:53:43 Installing.

msgmni has been set to 385

alg: No test for stdrng (krng)

io scheduler noop registered

io scheduler anticipatory registered

io scheduler deadline registered

io scheduler cfq registered (default)

S3C_LCD clock got enabled :: 133.333 Mhz LCD的时钟频率。

LCD TYPE :: WX4300F will be initialized 我的LCD显示屏的型号

Window[0] - FB1: map_video_memory: clear ff000000:0007f800

FB1: map_video_memory: dma=5f180000 cpu=ff000000 size=0007f800

Window[0] - FB2: map_video_memory: clear ff03fc00:0003fc00

FB2: map_video_memory: dma=5f1bfc00 cpu=ff03fc00 size=0003fc00

Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 60x34

fb0: s3cfb frame buffer device

Window[1] - FB1: map_video_memory: clear ff080000:0003fc00

FB1: map_video_memory: dma=5f200000 cpu=ff080000 size=0003fc00

Window[1] - FB2: map_video_memory: clear ff09fe00:0001fe00

FB2: map_video_memory: dma=5f21fe00 cpu=ff09fe00 size=0001fe00

fb1: s3cfb frame buffer device

Window[2] - FB1: map_video_memory: clear ff0c0000:0003fc00

FB1: map_video_memory: dma=5f240000 cpu=ff0c0000 size=0003fc00

fb2: s3cfb frame buffer device

Window[3] - FB1: map_video_memory: clear ff100000:0003fc00

FB1: map_video_memory: dma=5f280000 cpu=ff100000 size=0003fc00

fb3: s3cfb frame buffer device

s3c-aes initialized

S3C AES Drvier

Serial: 8250/16550 driver4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled

s3c6400-uart.0: s3c2410_serial0 at MMIO 0x7f005000 (irq = 16) is a S3C6400/10

s3c6400-uart.1: s3c2410_serial1 at MMIO 0x7f005400 (irq = 20) is a S3C6400/10

s3c6400-uart.2: s3c2410_serial2 at MMIO 0x7f005800 (irq = 24) is a S3C6400/10

s3c6400-uart.3: s3c2410_serial3 at MMIO 0x7f005c00 (irq = 28) is a S3C6400/10

brd: module loaded

loop: module loaded

nbd: registered device at major 43

usbcore: registered new interface driver ub

dm9000 Ethernet Driver

eth0: dm9000 at d0894000,d0894004 IRQ 108 MAC: 00:22:12:34:56:90

usbcore: registered new interface driver asix

usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_ether

usbcore: registered new interface driver net1080

usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_subset

usbcore: registered new interface driver zaurus

console [netcon0] enabled

netconsole: network logging started

Linux video capture interface: v2.00

s3c-fimc: controller 0 registered successfully

s3c-fimc: controller 1 registered successfully

S3C6410 TV encoder Driver init OK.

S3C6410 TV scaler Driver init OK.

s3c_rotator_probe called

s3c_rotator_probe success

s3c_g2d_probe called

s3c_g2d_probe Success

S3C G2D Init : Done

s3c_g3d version : 0x1050000

S3C G3D Init : Done

Driver 'sd' needs updating - please use bus_type methods

Driver 'sr' needs updating - please use bus_type methods

S3C NAND Driver is using hardware ECC.

NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0xec, Chip ID: 0xd3 (Samsung NAND 1GiB 3,3V 8-bit)

Creating 2 MTD partitions on "NAND 1GiB 3,3V 8-bit":

0x00400000-0x00800000 : "cramfs"

0x00800000-0x40000000 : "ubifs"

UBI: attaching mtd1 to ubi0

UBI: physical eraseblock size: 262144 bytes (256 KiB)

UBI: logical eraseblock size: 258048 bytes

UBI: smallest flash I/O unit: 2048

UBI: VID header offset: 2048 (aligned 2048)

UBI: data offset: 4096

UBI: attached mtd1 to ubi0

UBI: MTD device name: "ubifs"

UBI: MTD device size: 1016 MiB

UBI: number of good PEBs: 4064

UBI: number of bad PEBs: 0

UBI: max. allowed volumes: 128

UBI: wear-leveling threshold: 4096

UBI: number of internal volumes: 1

UBI: number of user volumes: 1

UBI: available PEBs: 0

UBI: total number of reserved PEBs: 4064

UBI: number of PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 40

UBI: max/mean erase counter: 2/1

UBI: background thread "ubi_bgt0d" started, PID 1030

Samsung SoC SPI Driver loaded for Bus SPI-0 with 2 Slaves attached

Max,Min-Speed [33333333, 130208]Hz

Irq=80 IOmem=[0x7f00bfff-0x7f00b000] DMA=[Rx-33, Tx-34]

ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver

s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: S3C24XX OHCI

s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1

s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: irq 79, io mem 0x74300000

usb usb1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice

hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found

hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected

usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0001

usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1

usb usb1: Product: S3C24XX OHCI

usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 2.6.28.6 ohci_hcd

usb usb1: SerialNumber: s3c24xx

Initializing USB Mass Storage driver...

usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage

USB Mass Storage support registered.

s3c-udc : version 15 March 2009 (DMA Mode)

mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice

gpio-keys init

input: gpio-keys as /class/input/input0

S3C TouchScreen got loaded successfully : 12 bits

input: S3C TouchScreen as /class/input/input1

s3c2410_rtc: tick irq 34, alarm irq 92

s3c2410-rtc s3c2410-rtc: rtc disabled, re-enabling

s3c2410-rtc s3c2410-rtc: rtc core: registered s3c as rtc0

i2c /dev entries driver

s3c2440-i2c s3c2440-i2c: slave address 0x10

s3c2440-i2c s3c2440-i2c: bus frequency set to 378 KHz

[OV965X]ov965x_attach_adapter.

parent clock for camera: 266.666 MHz, divisor: 11

s3c2440-i2c s3c2440-i2c: i2c-0: S3C I2C adapter

at24 0-0050: 1024 byte 24c08 EEPROM (writable)

sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver

sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman

s3c-sdhci s3c-sdhci.0: clock source 0: hsmmc (133333333 Hz)

s3c-sdhci s3c-sdhci.0: clock source 1: hsmmc (133333333 Hz)

s3c-sdhci s3c-sdhci.0: clock source 2: mmc_bus (44333333 Hz)

mmc0: SDHCI controller on samsung-hsmmc [s3c-sdhci.0] using ADMA

sdhci: card inserted.

s3c-sdhci s3c-sdhci.1: clock source 0: hsmmc (133333333 Hz)

s3c-sdhci s3c-sdhci.1: clock source 1: hsmmc (133333333 Hz)

s3c-sdhci s3c-sdhci.1: clock source 2: mmc_bus (44333333 Hz)

mmc1: SDHCI controller on samsung-hsmmc [s3c-sdhci.1] using ADMA

usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid

usbhid: v2.6:USB HID core driver

sdhci: card removed.

Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.18rc3.

ASoC version 0.13.2

smdk6400_init:67

WM9713/WM9714 SoC Audio Codec 0.15 声卡

playback: 1, capture : 1

asoc: AC97 HiFi <-> s3c64xx-ac97 mapping ok

ALSA device list:

#0: SMDK6410 (WM9713)

TCP cubic registered

NET: Registered protocol family 17

RPC: Registered udp transport module.

RPC: Registered tcp transport module.

ieee80211: 802.11 data/management/control stack, git-1.1.13

VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 1 part 20 variant b rev 5

s3c2410-rtc s3c2410-rtc: setting system clock to 2030-10-20 08:11:03 UTC (1918714263)

s3c-nand: 1 bit(s) error detected, corrected successfully

UBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 0, name "rootfs"

UBIFS: file system size: 1034514432 bytes (1010268 KiB, 986 MiB, 4009 LEBs)

UBIFS: journal size: 33546240 bytes (32760 KiB, 31 MiB, 130 LEBs)

UBIFS: media format: 4 (latest is 4)

UBIFS: default compressor: LZO

UBIFS: reserved for root: 5182151 bytes (5060 KiB)

VFS: Mounted root (ubifs filesystem).

Freeing init memory: 144K

Try to bring eth0 interface up......eth0: link down

Done

Starting Qtopia, please waiting... Qtopia图形界面

Please press Enter to activate this console. s3c-nand: 1 bit(s) error detected, corrected successfully

s3c-nand: 1 bit(s) error detected, corrected successfully

Warning: could not register server

s3c-nand: 1 bit(s) error detected, corrected successfully

QDir::readDirEntries: Cannot read the directory: /usr/lib/ipkg/externinfo

我现在就能从linux的启动信息中，获取以上的知识。

请求关机之后的信息：

sh: apm: not found

QDir::readDirEntries: Cannot read the directory: /usr/lib/ipkg/externinfo

sh: apm: not found

QDir::readDirEntries: Cannot read the directory: /usr/lib/ipkg/externinfo

sh: apm: not found

QDir::readDirEntries: Cannot read the directory: /usr/lib/ipkg/externinfo

dd: writing '/dev/fb0': No space left on device

1021+0 records in

1020+0 records out

umount: can't remount none read-only

umount: none busy - remounted read-only

The system is going down NOW!

关机的时候，要发信号 SIGTERM 和SIGKILL 给所有进程

Sending SIGTERM to all processes

Sending SIGKILL to all processes

Requesting system halt

System halted.