Linux下安装mysql5.7.22

一、卸载原有的mysql环境

#检查服务器是否已安装MySQL
[root@mysql57 ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64
#卸载所有相关依赖
[root@mysql57 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64

二、系统约定目录

安装文件下载目录：/data/software
Mysql目录安装位置：/usr/local/mysql
数据库保存位置：/data/mysql_data

三、解压mysql的安装包

我这里将安装包放到了/data/software目录下

[root@mysql57 ~]# mkdir -p /data/software –-创建目录 
[root@mysql57 ~]# cd /data/software
[root@mysql57 ~]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz --解压
[root@mysql57 ~]# mv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql-5.7.22 –-修改文件名
[root@mysql57 ~]# mv mysql-5.7.22 /usr/local/ --移动到/usr/local目录下
[root@mysql57 ~]# ls /usr/local

四、创建数据仓库目录

#创建数据仓库目录
[root@mysql57 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql_data
[root@mysql57 ~]# ls /data/

五、新建mysql用户、组及目录

[root@mysql57 ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@mysql57 ~]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql mysql -d /usr/local/mysql

六、改变目录属有者

[root@mysql57 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql-5.7.22
[root@mysql57 ~]# chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.7.22/ -–改变目录所属用户和组 
[root@mysql57 ~]# chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.7.22/

七、把my.cnf文件导入到/etc目录下

把my.cnf文件导入到/etc目录下。如果已经存在该文档，可直接覆盖。my.cnf文件内容如下：

# This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays 
# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with 
# other programs (such as a web server) 
# 
# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of 
# locations which depend on the deployment platform. 
# You can copy this option file to one of those 
# locations. For information about these locations, see: 
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html 
# 
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports. 
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program 
# with the "--help" option. 
# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients 
[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4
#password = your_password 
port = 3306 
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

# Here follows entries for some specific programs 
# The MySQL server 
[mysqld]
skip-name-resolve
basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.22
datadir=/data/mysql_data
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
port = 3306 
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock 
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 384M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 512
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size = 32M 
secure_file_priv=''
# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement, 
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host. 
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes. 
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows 
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless! 
# 
#skip-networking

# Replication Master Server (default) 
# binary logging is required for replication 
log-bin=mysql-bin

# binary logging format - mixed recommended 
binlog_format=mixed

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set 
# but will not function as a master if omitted 
server-id = 1

# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this) 
# 
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between 
# two methods : 
# 
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) - 
# the syntax is: 
# 
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>, 
# MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ; 
# 
# where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and 
# <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default). 
# 
# Example: 
# 
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306, 
# MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret'; 
# 
# OR 
# 
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then 
# start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example 
# if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to 
# connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later 
# change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and 
# overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown 
# the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server. 
# For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched 
# (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above) 
# 
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1 
# (and different from the master) 
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set 
# but will not function as a slave if omitted 
#server-id = 2 
# 
# The replication master for this slave - required 
#master-host = <hostname> 
# 
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting 
# to the master - required 
#master-user = <username> 
# 
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to 
# the master - required 
#master-password = <password> 
# 
# The port the master is listening on. 
# optional - defaults to 3306 
#master-port = <port> 
# 
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended 
#log-bin=mysql-bin

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables 
#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data 
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend 
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data 
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 % 
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high 
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M 
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M 
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size 
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M 
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M 
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50


[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/mysql_data/error.log
pid-file = /data/mysql_data/localhost.localdomain.pid
default-character-set=utf8mb4

[mysqldump] 
quick 
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql] 
no-auto-rehash 
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL 
#safe-updates 
default-character-set=utf8mb4

[myisamchk] 
key_buffer_size = 20M 
sort_buffer_size = 20M 
read_buffer = 2M 
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy] 
interactive-timeout

八、初始化数据库

[root@mysql57 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql-5.7.22
[root@mysql57 ~]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.22/ --datadir=/data/mysql_data/ 

如图打印的日志为root的初始密码：D4orUCGLw<+k，请先记下，后面登录数据库时会用到。

九、修改系统配置文件

[root@mysql57 ~]# vim /etc/profile
#在末尾添加
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.22/bin:$PATH 
[root@mysql57 ~]# source /etc/profile –-重新加载

十、配置mysql自动启动

[root@mysql57 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql-5.7.22/
[root@mysql57 ~]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@mysql57 ~]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@mysql57 ~]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@mysql57 ~]# chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on

十一、重启mysql

[root@mysql57 ~]# service mysqld restart

十二、修改root密码

[root@mysql57 mysql-5.7.22]# mysql -uroot -hlocalhost -p
#输入刚刚的初始化密码
mysql> set password=password('123456');
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;
#如果远程访问不了请检查防火墙或者开放3306端口。