LeetCode算法题-Average of Levels in Binary Tree(Java实现)

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01 看题和准备

今天介绍的是LeetCode算法题中Easy级别的第145题(顺位题号是637)。给定一个非空二叉树,以数组的形式返回每一层节点值之和的平均值。例如:

    3
   / \
  9  20
     / \
    15  7

输出:[3,14.5,11]

说明:第一层上的节点的平均值为3,第二层上的节点的平均值为14.5,第三层上的节点的平均值为11.因此返回[3,14.5,11]。

注意:节点值的范围在32位有符号整数的范围内。

本次解题使用的开发工具是eclipse,jdk使用的版本是1.8,环境是win7 64位系统,使用Java语言编写和测试。

02 第一种解法

使用广度优先算法(BFS)。使用队列来实现,在遍历节点的时候,使用了两层循环,外层控制层数,内层计算每一层的节点值之和,出了内层循环后,在外层循环里计算平均值,将平均值添加进数组中。其中有一点需要注意,计算节点值之和时,需要使用long类型,避免溢出。

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public List<Double> averageOfLevels(TreeNode root) {
        List<Double> list = new ArrayList<Double>();
        if (root == null) {
            return list;
        }
        Queue<TreeNode> queue = new LinkedList<TreeNode>();
        queue.offer(root);
        while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
            // 控制层数,其大小就是当前层数中包含的节点个数            
            int size = queue.size();
            int count = 0;
            // 使用long类型,避免溢出            
            long sum = 0;
            // 处理每一层的节点值
            while (size > 0) {
                TreeNode temp = queue.poll();
                count++;
                if (temp != null) {
                    sum += temp.val;
                }
                if (temp != null && temp.left != null) {
                    queue.offer(temp.left);
                }
                if (temp != null && temp.right != null) {
                    queue.offer(temp.right);
                }
                size--;
            }
            // 计算平均值,添加进数组
            list.add(sum*1.0d/count);
        }
        return list;
    }
}

03 第二种解法

使用深度优先算法(DFS)。在使用深度优先算法时,需要先将每一层的节点值之和单独算出来,同时还要存储每一层的节点个数,借助递归算法实现,在得到两组数据后,再使用一次循环,计算每一层的平均值。

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public List<Double> averageOfLevels(TreeNode root) {
        // 存放每一层的节点值总和
        List<Double> list = new ArrayList<Double>();
        if (root == null) {
            return list;
        }
        // 存放每层节点个数
        List<Integer> count = new ArrayList<Integer>();
        dfs(0, root, list, count);
        // 计算平均值
        for (int i=0; i<list.size(); i++) {
            list.set(i, list.get(i)/count.get(i));
        }
        return list;
    }

    public void dfs(int deep, TreeNode root, List<Double> list, List<Integer> count) {
        if (root == null) {
            return ;
        }
        // 判断是否还在当前此层内
        if (deep < list.size()) {
            list.set(deep, list.get(deep)+root.val);
            count.set(deep, count.get(deep)+1);
        } else {
            // 新的一层
            list.add(1.0*root.val);
            count.add(1);
        }
        // 递归调用剩下的节点
        dfs(deep+1, root.left, list, count);
        dfs(deep+1, root.right, list, count);
    }
}

04 小结

此题本质上是对二叉树的BFS、DFS算法的考察,在普通遍历节点的基础上,分层处理节点数据。

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求一个二叉树每层的平均值,利用广度优先搜索,我们可以很方便地求取每层的平均值。直接使用queue,直接将每层的值累计加起来除以该层的节点个数,存入结果ans中即可。

ln_ydc的专栏 559

LeetCode 637. 二叉树的层平均值(Average of Levels in Binary Tree)

637. 二叉树的层平均值 637. Average of Levels in Binary Tree LeetCode637. Average of Levels in Binary Tree 题目描述 给定一个非空二叉树, 返回一个由每层节点平均值组成的数组. 示例 1: 输入: 3 / \ 9 20 / \ 15 7 输出: [3, 14.5, 11]...

weixin_30241919的博客 125

Leetcode637.二叉树的层平均值 Average of Levels in Binary Tree(Java)

Leetcode637.二叉树的层平均值 Average of Levels in Binary Tree(Java) ##Tree## 本题求二叉树每层的结点平均值 可以采用DFS、BFS 这里采用BFS层次遍历 队列q中元素为某一层的结点,count = q.size()代表队列中元素的个数 循环count次,遍历队列q中所有结点,求出该层所有结点的和sum,并且对每个结点都需要将其左右儿子加入队列中 将每层的平均值sum/count加入到结果集合中 **时间复杂度:**O(n) class Sol

qq_42411921的博客 190

leetcode 637. Average of Levels in Binary Tree | 637. 二叉树的层平均值(Java)

题目 https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/average-of-levels-in-binary-tree/ 题解 1、参考“二叉树按层打印”写的解法 详细思路参考:左神算法:二叉树的按层打印与ZigZag打印(Java版) import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.LinkedList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Queue; class TreeNode { i

寒泉 5万+

LeetCode - Easy - 637. Average of Levels in Binary Tree

Topic Tree Description https://leetcode.com/problems/average-of-levels-in-binary-tree/ Given the root of a binary tree, return the average value of the nodes on each level in the form of an array. Answers within 10−510^{-5}10−5 of the actual answer will

KISS 246

637. Average of Levels in Binary Tree(Tree)

https://leetcode.com/problems/average-of-levels-in-binary-tree/description/ 题目:求每一层元素的平均值 思路:BFS遍历 class Solution { public: vector&lt;double&gt; averageOfLevels(TreeNode* root) { ve...

博客 304

LeetCode 637 Average of Levels in Binary Tree(二叉树层序遍历)

Given a non-empty binary tree, return the average value of the nodes on each level in the form of an array. Example 1: Input: 3 / \ 9 20 / \ 15 7 Output: [3, 14.5, 11] Explanat

nudt_oys的博客 1363

LeetCode-Average of Levels in Binary Tree

LeetCode Java Average of Levels in Binary Tree

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