How To Configure Server Side Transparent Application Failover (文档 ID 460982.1)

In this Document

Goal

Solution

References

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APPLIES TO:

Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 10.2.0.1 and later

Information in this document applies to any platform.

该文档适用于所有平台的oracle db 10.2.0.1及以后版本.

GOAL

How to configure Server Side Transparent Application Failover (TAF)?

如何配置服务器端的透明应用程序故障切换(TAF)?

Server side TAF settings override client-side counterparts that might be configured in TNS connect descriptors. If TAF is not configured on the client side, then at a minimum, the failover type must be set to enable TAF. If the failover type is set on the server side, then the failover method will default to BASIC. Delay and retries are optional and may be specified independently.

服务器端的TAF设置覆盖客户端TNS连接描述符中的设置。如果客户端没有配置TAF，那么至少在客户端启用failover（failover=on）。如果故障切换类型在服务器端配置，那么故障切换的方法将默认为basi。延迟和重试是可选的，可以单独指定.

SOLUTION

1. Create a service on the RAC cluster to setup for TAF. Example creates a service called server_taf to the database called rac, with instance names rac1 & rac2. 
在Rac集群上创建一个TAF服务。创建一个名为server_taf的例子，数据库名为rac，实例名为rac1、rac2.
Please note for the service name, select a name that is unique and not the same as the default service name created. A special Oracle database service is created by default for your Oracle RAC database. This default service is always available on all instances in an Oracle RAC environment, unless an instance is in restricted mode. You cannot alter this service or its properties. http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/rac.112/e41960/hafeats.htm#CHDDBHHB

注意要创建的服务名必须是唯一的，rac数据库默认会创建一个服务，这个服务在所有实例上都可用，除非一个实例是限制模式，你不能修改这个服务和他的属性。

srvctl add service -d rac -s server_taf -r "rac1,rac2" -P BASIC 

2. Start the service server_taf

srvctl start service -d rac -s server_taf

3. Check service is running

srvctl config service -d rac 

ractest PREF: rac1 rac2 AVAIL: 
server_taf PREF: rac1 rac2 AVAIL:

4. Find the service_id value for the service just created

sqlplus /nolog 
Connect / as sysdba 
SQL> select name,service_id from dba_services where name = 'server_taf'; 

NAME                                                             SERVICE_ID 
---------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- 
server_taf                                                                6  

5. Review the standard setup for the services 

SQL>col name format a15  
col failover_method format a11 heading 'METHOD' 
col failover_type format a10 heading 'TYPE' 
col failover_retries format 9999999 heading 'RETRIES' 
col goal format a10 
col clb_goal format a8 
col AQ_HA_NOTIFICATIONS format a5 heading 'AQNOT' 

SQL>select name, failover_method, failover_type, failover_retries,goal, clb_goal,aq_ha_notifications  
from dba_services where service_id = 6 

NAME            METHOD      TYPE       RETRIES  GOAL       CLB_GOAL AQNOT 
--------------- ----------- ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ----- 
server_taf                                                 LONG     NO

Please note there is no values for method, type or retries. These are required todo server side TAF.

The cause of this problem has been identified and verified in an unpublished Bug 6886239 DBMS_SERVICE parameters are not added using srvctl add service. This is fixed in release 11.2 onwards.

注意此处method, type or retries没有值，这些值是TAF必须有的。导致这个问题是由于未公布的一个bug（Bug 6886239），使用srvctl添加服务时DBMS_SERVICE的参数没有加上导致的，在11.2版本中已经修复。

6. Add the server side failover parameters to the service. (Pre 11.2)

Server side TAF method is BASIC. BASIC is the only value currently supported. This means that a new connection is established at failure time. It is not possible to pre-establish a backup connection. (which is to say, PRECONNECT is not supported)

服务器端的TAF的method是basic，而且目前只支持basic，就是说只有连接失败时才创建一个新连接。不支持preconnect。

SQL> execute dbms_service.modify_service (service_name => 'server_taf' - 
, aq_ha_notifications => true - 
, failover_method => dbms_service.failover_method_basic - 
, failover_type => dbms_service.failover_type_select - 
, failover_retries => 180 - 
, failover_delay => 5 - 
, clb_goal => dbms_service.clb_goal_long); 

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Addtional failover parameters value can be found in the Oracle� Database PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference 11g Release 1 (11.1), under section 116 DBMS_SERVICE

For 11.2 version use SVRCTL to modify the service

srvctl modify service -d RAC -s server_taf -m BASIC -e SELECT -q TRUE -j LONG

Service can be checked with the command:

srvctl config service -d RAC
Service name: server_taf
Service is enabled
Server pool: RAC_server_taf
Cardinality: 2
Disconnect: false
Service role: PRIMARY
Management policy: AUTOMATIC
DTP transaction: false
AQ HA notifications: true
Failover type: SELECT
Failover method: BASIC
TAF failover retries: 0
TAF failover delay: 0
Connection Load Balancing Goal: LONG
Runtime Load Balancing Goal: NONE
TAF policy specification: BASIC
Edition:
Preferred instances: RAC1,RAC2
Available instances:

7. Check the service and we can now see values for Method, Type and Retries.

SQL>select name, failover_method, failover_type, failover_retries,goal, clb_goal,aq_ha_notifications  
from dba_services where service_id = 6 


NAME            METHOD      TYPE        RETRIES GOAL       CLB_GOAL AQNOT 
--------------- ----------- ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ----- 
server_taf      BASIC       SELECT          180 NONE       LONG     YES

8. Check the listener has the service registered. (output will look similar too following, depending on version used)

lsnrctl services 

Service "server_taf.za.oracle.com" has 2 instance(s). 
  Instance "rac1", status READY, has 2 handler(s) for this service... 
    Handler(s): 
      "DEDICATED" established:0 refused:0 state:ready 
         REMOTE SERVER 
         (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=dell01)(PORT=1521)) 
      "DEDICATED" established:0 refused:0 state:ready 
         LOCAL SERVER 
  Instance "rac2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... 
    Handler(s): 
      "DEDICATED" established:0 refused:0 state:ready 
         REMOTE SERVER 
         (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=dell02)(PORT=1521))

9. Create a net service name. Here we have client load balancing between the two nodes.

SERVERTAF = 
  (DESCRIPTION = 
    (LOAD_BALANCE = yes) 
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dell01)(PORT = 1521)) 
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = dell02)(PORT = 1521)) 
    (CONNECT_DATA = 
      (SERVICE_NAME = server_taf.za.oracle.com) 
    ) 
  )

10. Testing...

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Oct 2 12:15:44 2007 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved. 


Connected to: 
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production 
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP and Data Mining options 

SQL> select host_name,instance_name from v$instance; 

HOST_NAME 
---------------------------------------------------------------- 
INSTANCE_NAME 
---------------- 
dell02 
rac2

11. Shutdown the database in the node the connection has routed to

SQL> select instance_name from V$instance; 

INSTANCE_NAME 
---------------- 
rac2 

SQL> shutdown abort; 
ORACLE instance shut down.

12. TAF will now kick in

SQL> / 

HOST_NAME 
---------------------------------------------------------------- 
INSTANCE_NAME 
---------------- 
dell01 
rac1

Oracle Net client trace of sqlplus connection during failover shows :

Shows the calling net service name 

[02-OCT-2007 12:15:44:618] niotns: Calling address: (DESCRIPTION=(LOAD_BALANCE=yes)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=dell01)(PORT=1521)) 
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=dell02)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=server_taf.za.oracle.com) 
(CID=(PROGRAM=d:\oracle\102ee\bin\sqlplus.exe)(HOST=sflood-uk2)(USER=sflood)))) 

Selected node dell02 

[02-OCT-2007 12:15:44:648] nttbnd2addr: looking up IP addr for host: dell02 

Connection handshake 

[02-OCT-2007 12:15:44:878] nscon: sending NSPTCN packet 
[02-OCT-2007 12:15:45:229] nscon: got NSPTRS packet 
[02-OCT-2007 12:15:45:229] nscon: sending NSPTCN packet 
[02-OCT-2007 12:15:45:429] nscon: got NSPTAC packet 

The select running 

[02-OCT-2007 12:16:04:046] nspsend: 00 00 00 00 00 E8 64 0B |......d.| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:16:04:046] nspsend: 01 2E 73 65 6C 65 63 74 |..select| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:16:04:046] nspsend: 20 68 6F 73 74 5F 6E 61 |.host_na| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:16:04:046] nspsend: 6D 65 2C 69 6E 73 74 61 |me,insta| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:16:04:046] nspsend: 6E 63 65 5F 6E 61 6D 65 |nce_name| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:16:04:046] nspsend: 20 66 72 6F 6D 20 76 24 |.from.v$| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:16:04:046] nspsend: 69 6E 73 74 61 6E 63 65 |instance| 

Here the the time the instance was shutdown 

[02-OCT-2007 12:16:05:077] nioqrc: exit 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:642] nioqsn: entry 

Select attempts to run again 

[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nspsend: 00 00 00 00 00 E8 64 0B |......d.| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nspsend: 01 2E 73 65 6C 65 63 74 |..select| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nspsend: 20 68 6F 73 74 5F 6E 61 |.host_na| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nspsend: 6D 65 2C 69 6E 73 74 61 |me,insta| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nspsend: 6E 63 65 5F 6E 61 6D 65 |nce_name| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nspsend: 20 66 72 6F 6D 20 76 24 |.from.v$| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nspsend: 69 6E 73 74 61 6E 63 65 |instance| 

Fails, due to instance was shutdown

[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nserror: nsres: id=0, op=68, ns=12537, ns2=12560; nt[0]=507, nt[1]=0, nt[2]=0; ora[0]=0, ora[1]=0, ora[2]=0 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nsrdr: error exit 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nsdo: nsctxrnk=0 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nsdo: error exit 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nioqer: entry 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nioqer: incoming err = 12151 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nioqce: entry 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nioqce: exit 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nioqer: returning err = 3113 

TAF kicks in 

[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nsc2addr: (DESCRIPTION=(LOAD_BALANCE=yes)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=dell01)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=server_taf.za.oracle.com)(CID=(PROGRAM=d:\oracle\102ee\bin\sqlplus.exe)(HOST=sflood-uk2)(USER=sflood)))) 

Connection fails over to node dell01 

[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:652] nttbnd2addr: looking up IP addr for host: dell01 

Connection handshake is completed 

[02-OCT-2007 12:18:20:863] nscon: sending NSPTCN packet 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:23:547] nscon: got NSPTRS packet 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:23:547] nscon: sending NSPTCN packet 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:23:747] nscon: got NSPTAC packet 

Select is run 

[02-OCT-2007 12:18:47:861] nspsend: 00 00 00 00 00 E8 64 0B |......d.| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:47:861] nspsend: 01 2E 73 65 6C 65 63 74 |..select| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:47:861] nspsend: 20 68 6F 73 74 5F 6E 61 |.host_na| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:47:861] nspsend: 6D 65 2C 69 6E 73 74 61 |me,insta| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:47:861] nspsend: 6E 63 65 5F 6E 61 6D 65 |nce_name| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:47:861] nspsend: 20 66 72 6F 6D 20 76 24 |.from.v$| 
[02-OCT-2007 12:18:47:861] nspsend: 69 6E 73 74 61 6E 63 65 |instance|