SpringAOP 实例

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-27 10:42:23 发布

ClumsyCoder

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-27 10:42:23 发布

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分类专栏： Spring 文章标签： spring SpringAOP

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本文介绍了SpringAOP的相关知识，包括AOP的概念、切面、切点和通知的定义。通过实例展示了如何在项目中配置和使用SpringAOP，包括pom.xml的配置、web.xml的设置以及spring-aop.xml的编写。文中还提到了在实践过程中遇到的ClassNotFoundException问题，建议将Spring版本更新为4.2.4-RELEASE来解决。

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一、介绍

这些天看了《Spring in Action》的第四章，讲解的是关于SpringAOP方面的，现在将自己的例子写出来。

二、AOP相关知识介绍

AOP可以做一些与业务逻辑不相关的操作，比如：日志、事务、安全等，使我们更加去关注自己的业务。

切面(Aspect) ：要织入到业务上的一个类。切面是由切点和通知组成的

切点(pointcut)：要执行的业务方法执行通知的一个标识。

通知(advice)：切面要做的事情，比如日志记录什么的。

通知类型一般分为五种：

前置通知、后置通知、最终通知、环绕通知、异常通知

三、实例

其实我主要想写的是实例，以后能够找出来，项目是用maven构建的：

pom.xml如下： (要引入的jar)

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.ry</groupId>
    <artifactId>CommonProject</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <groupId>com.ry</groupId>
  <artifactId>springSecurity</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <name>springSecurity Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <properties> <spring.version>4.2.0.RELEASE</spring.version></properties>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    
   	<dependency>  
         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
         <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>  
         <version>${spring.version}</version>  
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>  
         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
         <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>  
         <version>${spring.version}</version>  
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>  
         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
         <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
         <version>${spring.version}</version>  
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>  
       <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>  
       <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>  
       <version>${spring.version}</version>  
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>  
        <version>${spring.version}</version>  
    </dependency>  
    <dependency>  
        <groupId>jstl</groupId>  
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>  
        <version>1.2</version>  
    </dependency>  
    
    
    <dependency>
	    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
	    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
	    <version>3.0.1</version>
	    <scope>provided</scope>
	</dependency>
    
    
	    
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>springSecurity</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

web.xml的配置文件：

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <!-- spring -->
  
  <servlet>
  	<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  	<init-param>
  		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  		<param-value>classpath:spring-*.xml</param-value>
  	</init-param>
  	<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
  	<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
  	<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>	
  

</web-app>

接下来，给出web.xml上对应的配置文件(spring-*.xml，这个文件要放在maven自动生成的resources目录下面，即：src/main/resources，我这里命名为spring-aop.xml)：

spring-aop.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
   	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
   	http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
	">
	
	<!-- 开启springmvc注解模式 -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven />
	
	<mvc:default-servlet-handler />	
	
	
	<!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver -->
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 扫描相关的bean -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.ry.controllers" />
		
	
	<bean id="advice" class="com.ry.aop.Advice" />
	<aop:config >
		<aop:aspect  ref="advice"  >
			<aop:before method="record" pointcut="execution(* com.ry.controllers.*.*(..))"/>	
		</aop:aspect>
	</aop:config>
	
</beans>

这时，看到spring-aop.xml中定义了一个bean，这个类被作为一个切面，

创建package com.ry.aop 和com.ry.controllers，这两个package分别放Advice.class 和 TestController.class

Advice.class:

public class Advice {
	
	private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Advice.class);
	
	public void record() {
		System.out.println("前置通知，执行目标方法之前");
		logger.info("前置通知,执行目标方法之前");
		
		
	}
}

TestController.class:

@Controller
@RequestMapping("test")
public class TestController {
	
	private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestController.class);
	
	@RequestMapping(value="t1")
	public String test(){
		logger.info("测试aop功能");
		return "index";
		
	}
	
}

再建一个日志文件logback.xml(与上面的spring-aop.xml放在同一个目录下) ：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
	<!-- 定义log文件的home目录 -->
	<property name="LOG_HOME"  value="C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/logs"></property>
	
	<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">  
        <encoder>  
            <!-- %.-1level 只显示信息级别的首字母,%-5level 左对齐显示信息级别全称 -->  
            
            <Pattern>[%date{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] [%-5level] --%mdc{client} %msg%n</Pattern>  
        </encoder>  
    </appender>  
    
    
    <appender name="TRACE_FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">  
        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        <file>${LOG_HOME}/trace.log</file>  
        <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">  
            <FileNamePattern>logs/trace.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern>  
        </rollingPolicy>  
        <layout>  
            <pattern>[%date{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] [%-5level] [%logger:%line] --%mdc{client} %msg%n</pattern>  
        </layout> 
       <!--  <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter"> 
            <level>TRACE</level>  
            <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>  
            <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>  
           </filter>  --> 
    </appender>
    
    <appender name="INFO_FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">  
        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        <file>${LOG_HOME}/info.log</file>  
        <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">  
            <FileNamePattern>logs/info.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern>  
        </rollingPolicy>  
        <layout>  
            <pattern>[%date{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] [%-5level] [%logger:%line] --%mdc{client} %msg%n</pattern>  
        </layout>
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter"> 
            <level>INFO</level>  
            <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>  
            <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>  
           </filter>     
    </appender>  
    
    
    <appender name="DEBUG_FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">  
        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        <file>${LOG_HOME}/debug.log</file>  
        <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">  
            <FileNamePattern>logs/debug.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern>  
        </rollingPolicy>  
        <layout>  
            <pattern>[%date{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] [%-5level] [%logger:%line] --%mdc{client} %msg%n</pattern>  
        </layout> 
         <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter"> 
            <level>DEBUG</level>  
            <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>  
            <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>  
           </filter>   
    </appender>  
    
    <appender name="WARN_FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">  
        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        <file>${LOG_HOME}/warn.log</file>  
        <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">  
            <FileNamePattern>logs/warn.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern>  
        </rollingPolicy>  
        <layout>  
            <pattern>[%date{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] [%-5level] [%logger:%line] --%mdc{client} %msg%n</pattern>  
        </layout> 
         <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter"> 
            <level>WARN</level>  
            <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>  
            <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>  
           </filter>   
    </appender>  
    
     <appender name="ERROR_FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">  
        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
        <file>${LOG_HOME}/error.log</file>  
        <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">  
            <FileNamePattern>logs/error.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern>  
        </rollingPolicy>  
        <layout>  
            <pattern>[%date{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] [%-5level] [%logger:%line] --%mdc{client} %msg%n</pattern>  
        </layout> 
         <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter"> 
            <level>ERROR</level>  
            <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>  
            <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>  
           </filter>   
    </appender>  
    
   <!--  <logger name="com.mchange" level="INFO"/>  
    <logger name="org.springframework" level="WARN"/>  
    <logger name="java.sql.Connection" level="DEBUG"/>  
    <logger name="java.sql.ResultSet" level="INFO"/>  
    <logger name="com.boaotech.util" level="DEBUG"/>  -->
     
    <root level="TRACE">  
        <appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/>  
        <appender-ref ref="TRACE_FILE" />
           <appender-ref ref="INFO_FILE" />  
          <appender-ref ref="DEBUG_FILE" />  
         <appender-ref ref="WARN_FILE" />  
          <appender-ref ref="ERROR_FILE" />    
    </root>  
	
</configuration>

用tomcat运行项目：项目正常启动后

打开浏览器输入： http://localhost:8080/项目名/test/t1 ,点击输入后

控制台会输出相应的内容：