RMAN---CATALOG创建

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本文详细介绍如何在Oracle数据库中创建恢复目录(recovery catalog)，包括设置环境变量、创建存储目录的用户及权限授予等步骤。恢复目录用于存储备份信息，提供备份状态、恢复操作等详细记录。

Recovery catalog
The recovery catalog is recovery information that is stored inside an Oracle
database. This is similar to the RMAN repository stored in the control file, but information
stored in the recovery catalog is more extensive. It is a special data dictionary of backup information
that is stored in a set of tables, much like the data dictionary stores information about
databases. The recovery catalog provides a method for storing information about backups,
restores, and recoveries. This information can provide status on the success or failure of backups,
operating system backups, datafile copies, tablespace copies, control file copies, archive
log copies, full database backups, and the physical structures of a database.

To enable the catalog, an account with CONNECT, RESOURCE, and RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER privileges must be created to hold the catalog tables. Next, the catalog creation script. command must be executed as the user RMAN_USER connected to the RMAN utility.
Let’s walk through the creation of the recovery catalog step by step:

1. First, you must point to the database where the recovery catalog will reside. This is not the target
database. The RMAN database will be called ora101rc. The oraenv shell script. is provided
by Oracle to switch to other databases on the same server. Use the following command:
Microsoft Windows XP [Version 5.1.2600]
(C) Copyright 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp.
C:\Documents and Settings\dstuns>set ORACLE_SID=ora101rc

2. Create the user that will store the catalog. Use the name RMAN with the password RMAN.
Make DATA the default tablespace and TEMP the temporary tablespace:

C:\Documents and Settings\>sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.1.0.2.0 - Production on Sun Jun 13 06:17:34 2004
Copyright (c) 1982, 2004, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL>
SQL> connect /as sysdba
SQL> create user rman_user identified by rman_user
2 default tablespace data
3 temporary tablespace temp;
User created.

3. Grant the appropriate permissions to the RMAN user:
SQL> grant connect, resource, recovery_catalog_owner to rman_user;
Grant succeeded.

5. Connect to the catalog with the user called RMAN that you created in step 2:
RMAN> connect catalog rman_user/rman_user
connected to recovery catalog database
recovery catalog is not installed

6. Finally, create the recovery catalog by executing the following command and specifying the
tablespace that you want to store the catalog in:
RMAN> create catalog tablespace data;
recovery catalog created
RMAN>

Once the recovery catalog is created, there are a few steps that must be performed for each target
database so that backup and recovery can be stored. The first step is registering the database.
Once an incarnation of the database is registered, data may be stored in the recovery catalog for
that particular target database. An incarnation of the database is a reference for a database in the
recovery catalog.

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