Oracle DataGuard ora-16198

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在Oracle 11.2.0.3的Linux环境中，DataGuard配置为最高可用模式时遇到ora-16198警报。文章探讨了这个问题，并提到了通过iostat监控操作系统负载以及使用tcpdump分析网络性能来排查问题的方法。

在oracle 11.2.0.3 64bit On linux系统的物理DataGuard（最高可用模式）下，主库alert报警16198.

Thu Aug 21 09:27:27 2014
<strong>ORA-16198: LGWR received timedout error from KSR
</strong>LGWR: Attempting destination LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 network reconnect (16198)
LGWR: Destination LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 network reconnect abandoned
Error 16198 for archive log file 5 to 'palm_stdy'
Destination LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 is UNSYNCHRONIZED

先看错误解释：

<strong>oerr ora 16198</strong>
16198, 00000, "Timeout incurred on internal channel during remote archival"
// *Cause:  A timeout was incurred during remote archival.
// *Action: No action is required, as an attempt will be made to re-archive the
//          file that had this failure during archival.

是由于日志在传输过程中由于其他原因引起的超时而引起的报警。查看timeout设置。

NAME                                 TYPE                                         VALUE
------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_17                  string
log_archive_dest_18                  string
log_archive_dest_19                  string
log_archive_dest_2                   string                                       service=palm_stdy LGWR SYNC AF
                                                                                  FIRM valid_for=(online_logfile
                                                                                  ,primary_role) db_unique_name=
                                                                                  palm_stdy
SQL> set linesize 120
SQL> col DEST_NAME for a20
SQL> col NET_TIMEOUT for 9999
SQL> select DEST_NAME, NET_TIMEOUT FROM V$ARCHIVE_DEST where dest_name='LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2';
DEST_NAME            NET_TIMEOUT
-------------------- -----------
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2            30

发现是默认的设置30秒。根据METALINK的建议，适当调大点。

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2="service=palm_stdy LGWR SYNC AFFIRM valid_for=(online_logfile,primary_role) db_unique_name=palm_stdy NET_TIMEOUT=60";
System altered.
SQL> select DEST_NAME, NET_TIMEOUT FROM V$ARCHIVE_DEST where dest_name='LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2';
DEST_NAME            NET_TIMEOUT
-------------------- -----------
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2            60
SQL> show parameter LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2;
NAME                                 TYPE                                         VALUE
------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest_2                   string                                       service=palm_stdy LGWR SYNC AF
                                                                                  FIRM valid_for=(online_logfile
                                                                                  ,primary_role) db_unique_name=
                                                                                  palm_stdy NET_TIMEOUT=60

改为60秒。

至于上面说到的其他原因：