Anaconda虚拟环境下pyinstaller ImportError:DLL

问题描述

最近需要使用pyinstaller打包exe，结果exe生成以后打开出现下述问题，importerror：dll找不到指定的模块。从报错来看都是pandas模块

本人环境：win11，conda 22.9.0，python3.9，pyinstaller=6.10.0，pandas=2.2.2

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "encode.py", line 1, in <module>
  File "PyInstaller\loader\pyimod02_importers.py", line 378, in exec_module
  File "pandas\__init__.py", line 77, in <module>
  File "PyInstaller\loader\pyimod02_importers.py", line 378, in exec_module
  File "pandas\core\api.py", line 47, in <module>
  File "PyInstaller\loader\pyimod02_importers.py", line 378, in exec_module
  File "pandas\core\groupby\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
  File "PyInstaller\loader\pyimod02_importers.py", line 378, in exec_module
  File "pandas\core\groupby\generic.py", line 68, in <module>
  File "PyInstaller\loader\pyimod02_importers.py", line 378, in exec_module
  File "pandas\core\frame.py", line 149, in <module>
  File "PyInstaller\loader\pyimod02_importers.py", line 378, in exec_module
  File "pandas\core\generic.py", line 193, in <module>
  File "PyInstaller\loader\pyimod02_importers.py", line 378, in exec_module
  File "pandas\core\window\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
  File "PyInstaller\loader\pyimod02_importers.py", line 378, in exec_module
  File "pandas\core\window\ewm.py", line 11, in <module>
ImportError: DLL load failed while importing aggregations: 找不到指定的模块。

 遂从网上找各种方法，尝试以下方法后都没用。

1. 在.spec文件中编辑pathex=[‘D:\anaconda\envs\shuiwu\Lib\site-packages’]
2. hiddenimports=['pandas']，hookspath=[‘D:\anaconda\envs\encode\Lib\site-packages\pandas’], encode为虚拟环境名
3. a.datas += Tree("D:\anaconda\envs\encode\Lib\site-packages\pandas", prefix="pandas") 

解决方法 

将虚拟环境中的pandas文件夹直接拷贝到项目下，再运行pyinstaller，一次成功！

希望能对其他遇到该问题的小伙伴有帮助，注意看运行时的报错，找不到的模块就去虚拟环境下把那个包拷贝到项目下，在打包就没问题了。