hive 数据类型

数字类型

• TINYINT (1-byte signed integer, from -128 to 127)
• SMALLINT (2-byte signed integer, from -32,768 to 32,767)
• INT/INTEGER (4-byte signed integer, from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647)
• BIGINT (8-byte signed integer, from -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807)
• FLOAT (4-byte single precision floating point number)
• DOUBLE (8-byte double precision floating point number)
• DOUBLE PRECISION (alias for DOUBLE, only available starting with Hive 2.2.0)
• DECIMAL
  
  • Introduced in Hive 0.11.0 with a precision of 38 digits
  • Hive 0.13.0 introduced user-definable precision and scale
• NUMERIC (same as DECIMAL, starting with Hive 3.0.0)

日期/时间类型

• TIMESTAMP (Note: Only available starting with Hive 0.8.0)
• DATE (Note: Only available starting with Hive 0.12.0)
• INTERVAL (Note: Only available starting with Hive 1.2.0)

字符串类型

• STRING
• VARCHAR (Note: Only available starting with Hive 0.12.0)
• CHAR (Note: Only available starting with Hive 0.13.0)

misc类型

• BOOLEAN
• BINARY (Note: Only available starting with Hive 0.8.0)

集合类型

1.Array类型

arrays: ARRAY<data_type> (Note: negative values and non-constant expressions are allowed as of Hive 0.14.)

例：

• 创建表

  hive> create table class_test(name string, student_id_list array<INT>) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY ':';
  

• 导入数据

  hive> LOAD DATA LOCAL INPATH  '/home/hadoop/software/class_test.txt' INTO TABLE class_test;
  

  

• 查询

  hive> select * from class_test;
  OK
  034     [1,2,3,4]
  035     [5,6]
  036     [7]
  
  
  hive> select student_id_list[0] from class_test;
  OK
  1
  5
  7
  

2.Map类型

例：

• 创建表

   hive> create table employee_test(id string, perf map<string, int>) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY '|' COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY ',' MAP KEYS TERMINATED BY ':';
  

• 导入数据

  hive> LOAD DATA LOCAL INPATH '/home/hadoop/software/employee_test.txt'  INTO TABLE employee_test;
  

  

• 查询

  hive> select * from employee_test;
  OK
  1       {"job":80,"team":60,"person":70}
  2       {"job":60,"team":80}
  3       {"job":90,"team":70,"person":100}
  Time taken: 0.069 seconds, Fetched: 3 row(s) 
  

3.Struct类型

例：

• 创建表

hive> create table student_test(id INT, info struct<name:STRING, age:INT>) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY ':'; 

• 导入数据

   hive> LOAD DATA LOCAL INPATH '/home/hadoop/software/student_test.txt' INTO TABLE student_test;
  

  

• 查询

  hive> select * from student_test;
  OK
  1       {"name":"zhou","age":30}
  2       {"name":"yan","age":30}
  3       {"name":"chenli","age":20}
  4       {"name":"li","age":80}
  Time taken: 0.066 seconds, Fetched: 4 row(s)
  
  hive> select info.age from student_test;
  OK
  30
  30
  20
  80
  Time taken: 0.071 seconds, Fetched: 4 row(s)
  

  参考

  https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/LanguageManual+Types