net学习之C#面向对象 大富翁V2.1 优化代码,加入. 全局变量,Exception异常.

源代码,优化部分代码,把map改为全局变量。完善内容。

修复了一个BUG，位置可以小于0，现在被轰炸之后最小位置为0，起点位置。

调整try catch 语句位置，只包含可能出错的部分代码，不包含其他不该包含的代码块。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace 大富翁1
{
    public class Player{
        //public Player(){}

        //private string name;
        //private int site;
        //private int status;
        //private int step;
        private int userChoice;//用户的选择

        public int gameMode;
        public int Step { set; get; }//筛子结果/步数
        public int Status { set; get; }//状态
        public string Name { set; get; }//名称
        public int Site { set; get; }//位置
       
        public int times;//可以行动的次数
        public Player other;//另一个玩家的引用,实现对另一个玩家的位置交换或者轰炸。操作对方的位置。
       

        public bool win = false;
        public Random ra;//随机数引用,不能创建实例，否则每次结果一样。两个玩家只能使用同一个随机数实例

       
        private void ThrowTheDice()//掷塞子
        {
            Step = ra.Next(1, 7);
           
            Console.WriteLine("{0}掷出了{1}",Name,Step);
           
        }
        private void Move()//移动
        {
            Site += Step;

            Console.WriteLine("{0}走到了{1}",Name,Site);
        }
        private void CheckStatus()//检测是否遇到特效,遇到就行动并清除地图上该特效
        {
            if (Program.map[Site]==1)//如果遇到幸运
            {
               
                //提示用户可以选择前进或者交换位置或者轰炸对方
                Console.WriteLine("恭喜 {0} 获得一次幸运轮盘机会，请选择:\n1.前进3步. 2.交换位置. 3.轰炸对方(倒退6步).",Name);
               
               
                if (gameMode == 1)//p2默认0由电脑控制,1为玩家控制，所以此刻由玩家做出选择
                {
                    try//尝试获取用户选择,防止用户输入非法字符
                    {
                            userChoice = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());
                    }
                    catch(Exception ex){
                            Console.WriteLine("错误详情:{0}",ex.Message);
                            Console.WriteLine("你的选择有误.请重新选择.");
                            CheckStatus();
                    }
                }
                else//电脑自动做出选择
                {
                    if (Site < other.Site && other.Site-Site>=6)//如果玩家的位置在电脑前边6格以及6格之上就交换位置
                    {
                        userChoice = 2;
                    }
                    else//否则玩家在电脑前边6格以内和电脑当前位置之后
                    {
                        if (Site - other.Site < 6)//如果玩家的位置在电脑前后6格就轰炸对方
                        {
                            userChoice = 3;
                        }
                        else//否则向前3步.
                            userChoice = 1;

                    }
                }
                if (1 == userChoice)//前进3步
                {
                    Program.map[Site] = 0;//将地图这个位置的特效移除
                    Site += 3;
                    Console.WriteLine("{0}向前走了3步到了{1}.",Name,Site);
                }
                else if (2 == userChoice)//交换位置
                {
                    Program.map[Site] = 0;//将地图这个位置的特效移除
                    int tmp;
                    tmp=Site;
                    Site=other.Site;
                    other.Site = tmp;
                    Console.WriteLine("{0}与{1}交换了位置.",Name,other.Name);
                }
                else if (3 == userChoice)//轰炸对方
                {
                    Program.map[Site] = 0;//将地图这个位置的特效移除
                    if (other.Site >= 6)
                    {
                        other.Site = other.Site - 6;
                        Console.WriteLine("{1}被{0}轰炸,倒退了6步,到了位置{2}", Name, other.Name, other.Site);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        other.Site = 0;
                        Console.WriteLine("{1}被{0}轰炸,倒退了回了起点,到了位置{2}", Name, other.Name, other.Site);
                    }

            }
            else if(Program.map[Site]==2)//如果遇到穿越
            {
                Program.map[Site] = 0;//将地图这个位置的特效移除
                //本人向前穿越6格
                Site += 6;
                Console.WriteLine("{0}幸运的进入了时空隧道,向前穿越6步,到了{1}",Name,Site);
            }
            else if(Program.map[Site]==3)//如果遇到障碍
            {
                Program.map[Site] = 0;//将地图这个位置的特效移除
                //检测对方状态是否为暂停一轮.
                //本人状态转为暂停一轮
                times--;//行动次数减一
                Console.WriteLine("{0}遇到了雨,要休息一轮.",Name);
            }
           
        }
        private void CheckWinLose()
        {
            if (Site >= 100)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("恭喜 {0} 获得胜利!!!",Name);
                other.Status = 0;
                Status = 0;
                win = true;
            }
        }
        public void Action()
        {
            if (times > 0)//行动次数大于1才能行动
            {
                Status = 1;
                ThrowTheDice();

                Move();
                CheckWinLose();
                if (win == false)
                {
                    CheckStatus();
                }
                Status = 0;
                Console.ReadKey();
            }
            else //否则行动次数加1,本轮行动结束。
            {
                times++;
                Status = 0;
                Console.WriteLine("{0}本轮无法行动，行动结束.",Name);
                Console.ReadKey();
            }
        }
    }

    class Paint
    {
        public int choice=0;
        //public int[] map;
        public Player p1;
        public Player p2;
        private string[] menu=new string[]{"1.人机对战","2.双人游戏","3.游戏说明","4.关    于","请按上下键选择，按回车键确定选择。Esc键退出。"};
        private string tag = "           <=========";
        public void OutMenu()//显示主界面
        {
            Console.Clear();
            Console.WriteLine("******************************");
            Console.WriteLine("         大富翁 V2.1");
            Console.WriteLine("******************************");

           
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
            {
                if(choice==i)
                    Console.WriteLine(menu[i]+tag);
                else
                    Console.WriteLine(menu[i]);
            }

        }
        public void OutAbout()//显示关于
        {
            Console.Clear();
            Console.WriteLine(@"
              大富翁 V2.1
    作者:陈剑虹
    日期:2015年5月15日
    开发语言:C# Visual Studio 2010");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
        public void OutHelp()//显示帮助
        {
            Console.Clear();
            Console.WriteLine(@"游戏说明
            游戏很简单，只需要按键就可以自动投筛子,这只是一个学习练习用的游戏,还在不断完善。
          每学习一点新知识就完善一部分.目前使用到的有
            Class 类,对象
            public static map 全局变量
            public string Name{set;get;}  对象的属性
            对象引用.
            while
            for
            if -else if-else
            try catch
            这个版本还不满意.还可以做的更好。
            待更新,应该使用继承来创建 电脑玩家 这个子类 继承 Player类.加入电脑特有的控制方法.而不是在Player类中判断是不是电脑控制.
            应该加入数据类，用来存储基本的数据,如：菜单，关于，帮助，地图数据，玩家数据，历史记录
            加入游戏暂停，游戏保存。
            ");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
        public void OutState()//显示行动信息
        {

            Console.WriteLine("{0}的位置是:{1}",p1.Name,p1.Site);
            Console.WriteLine("{0}的位置是:{1}", p2.Name, p2.Site);
            if (p1.Status == 1)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("{0}走了{1}步.",p2.Name,p2.Step);
                Console.WriteLine("现在轮到{0}行动了。", p1.Name);
            }
            else if (p2.Status == 1)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("{0}走了{1}步.", p1.Name, p1.Step);
                Console.WriteLine("现在轮到{0}行动了。", p2.Name);
            }
            Console.WriteLine("任意键继续.");
        }

        public void OutMap()//显示地图
        {
            Console.Clear();
            Console.WriteLine("{0}:● {1}:▲ 两人共同位置:<>  幸运轮盘:☆ 时空隧道:¤ 下雨:≡ 普通:□",p1.Name,p2.Name);
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < 20; j++)
                {
                    if (i * 20 + j == p1.Site && i * 20 + j == p2.Site)
                    {
                        Console.Write("<>");
                    }
                    else if (i * 20 + j == p1.Site)
                    {
                        Console.Write("●");
                    }
                    else if (i * 20 + j == p2.Site)
                    {
                        Console.Write("▲");
                    }
                    else  if (Program.map[i * 20 + j] == 1)
                        Console.Write("☆");
                    else if (Program.map[i * 20 + j] == 2)
                        Console.Write("¤");
                    else if (Program.map[i * 20 + j] == 3)
                        Console.Write("≡");
                    else
                        Console.Write("□");
                }
                Console.Write("\n");
            }
        }
    }
    class Program
    {
        public static int[] map = new int[100];
       

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //int gameMod = 0;//0为人机模式,1为玩家对战
           
            ConsoleKeyInfo cki;
            Paint paint = new Paint();
            Player p1 = new Player();
            Player p2 = new Player();
            Random ra = new Random();
            Random ra2 = new Random();
            int raNum;
            paint.p1 = p1;
            paint.p2 = p2;
            p1.other = p2;
            p2.other = p1;
            p1.ra = ra;
            p2.ra = ra;
            //大循环,程序伊始,初始化数据,进入菜单。
            while (true)
            {
                p1.win = false;
                p2.win = false;
                p1.Site = 0;
                p2.Site = 0;
                p1.times = 1;
                p2.times = 1;
                p1.Status = 1;
                p2.Status = 0;
                p2.gameMode = 0;
                p1.Name = "";
                p2.Name = "";
                //初始化地图数据
                for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
                {
                    raNum=ra2.Next(1, 10);
                    if (raNum > 3)
                        map[i] = 0;
                    else
                        map[i] = raNum;
                }

                //进入菜单，等待用户做出选择
                while (true)//用户选择界面
                {
                    paint.OutMenu();//输出菜单，在控制台里显示文本。
                    cki = Console.ReadKey();//接收用户按键,上，下，ENTER,ESC
                    if (cki.Key == ConsoleKey.DownArrow)//用户按下 下按键    向下调整选择
                    {
                        if (paint.choice < 3)
                            paint.choice += 1;
                        else
                            paint.choice = 0;
                        paint.OutMenu();
                    }
                    else if (cki.Key == ConsoleKey.UpArrow)//用户按下  上按键  向上调整选择
                    {
                        if (paint.choice > 0)
                            paint.choice -= 1;
                        else
                            paint.choice = 3;
                        paint.OutMenu();
                    }
                    else if (cki.Key == ConsoleKey.Escape)//用户按下  Esc按键  退出
                    {
                        paint.choice = -1;
                        return;
                    }
                    else if (cki.Key == ConsoleKey.Enter)//用户按下  Enter键   选择结束。跳出选择循环。
                    {
                        break;
                    }

                }//直到用户选择一项之后跳出循环
                if (paint.choice == 0)//如果选择的是0，那么就开始人机对战
                {
                    //gameMod = 0;
                    while (p1.Name.Length<1)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("请输入你的名字:");
                        p1.Name = Console.ReadLine();
                    }
                    p1.gameMode = 1;//玩家控制
                    p2.Name = "电脑";
                    p2.gameMode = 0;//电脑控制
                    while (p1.win == false && p2.win == false)
                    {
                        paint.OutMap();
                        p1.Action();
                        paint.OutMap();
                        paint.OutState();
                        Console.ReadKey();
                        paint.OutMap();
                        p2.Action();
                        paint.OutMap();
                        paint.OutState();
                        Console.ReadKey();

                    }
                }
                else if (paint.choice == 1)//如果选择的是2，那么就开始玩家对战
                {
                    //gameMod = 1;
                    p1.gameMode = 1;
                    p2.gameMode = 1;

                    while (p1.Name.Length < 1)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("请输入玩家1的名字:");
                        p1.Name = Console.ReadLine();
                    }
                    while (p2.Name.Length < 1)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("请输入玩家2的名字:");
                        p2.Name = Console.ReadLine();
                    }
                   
                    while (p1.win == false && p2.win == false)
                    {
                        paint.OutMap();
                        paint.OutState();
                        p1.Action();
                       
                       
                        Console.ReadKey();
                        paint.OutMap();
                        paint.OutState();
                        p2.Action();
                       
                       
                        Console.ReadKey();
                    }
                }
                else if (paint.choice == 2)//如果选择的是2，那么显示游戏说明
                {
                    paint.OutHelp();
                }
                else if (paint.choice == 3)//如果选择的是3，那么显示 关于
                {
                    paint.OutAbout();
                }
                else
                {
                    break ;
                }
                //反馈完毕之后，要么是游戏结束，要么是显示完毕信息。应回到程序开头，初始化所有数据。
            }
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}