App server, Web server: What's the difference?

Q:What is the difference between an application server and a Web server?

A:Taking a big step back, a Web server serves pages for viewing in a Web browser, while an application server provides methods that client applications can call. A little more precisely, you can say that:

A Web server exclusively handles HTTP requests, whereas an application server serves business logic to application programs through any number of protocols.


Let's examine each in more detail.

The Web server

A Web server handles the HTTP protocol. When the Web server receives an HTTP request, it responds with an HTTP response, such as sending back an HTML page. To process a request, a Web server may respond with a static HTML page or image, send a redirect, or delegate the dynamic response generation to some other program such as CGI scripts, JSPs (JavaServer Pages), servlets, ASPs (Active Server Pages), server-side JavaScripts, or some other server-side technology. Whatever their purpose, such server-side programs generate a response, most often in HTML, for viewing in a Web browser.

Understand that a Web server's delegation model is fairly simple. When a request comes into the Web server, the Web server simply passes the request to the program best able to handle it. The Web server doesn't provide any functionality beyond simply providing an environment in which the server-side program can execute and pass back the generated responses. The server-side program usually provides for itself such functions as transaction processing, database connectivity, and messaging.

While a Web server may not itself support transactions or database connection pooling, it may employ various strategies for fault tolerance and scalability such as load balancing, caching, and clustering—features oftentimes erroneously assigned as features reserved only for application servers.

The application server

As for the application server, according to our definition, an application server exposes business logic to client applications through various protocols, possibly including HTTP. While a Web server mainly deals with sending HTML for display in a Web browser, an application server provides access to business logic for use by client application programs. The application program can use this logic just as it would call a method on an object (or a function in the procedural world).

Such application server clients can include GUIs (graphical user interface) running on a PC, a Web server, or even other application servers. The information traveling back and forth between an application server and its client is not restricted to simple display markup. Instead, the information is program logic. Since the logic takes the form of data and method calls and not static HTML, the client can employ the exposed business logic however it wants.

In most cases, the server exposes this business logic through a component API, such as the EJB (Enterprise JavaBean) component model found on J2EE (Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition) application servers. Moreover, the application server manages its own resources. Such gate-keeping duties include security, transaction processing, resource pooling, and messaging. Like a Web server, an application server may also employ various scalability and fault-tolerance techniques.

An example

As an example, consider an online store that provides real-time pricing and availability information. Most likely, the site will provide a form with which you can choose a product. When you submit your query, the site performs a lookup and returns the results embedded within an HTML page. The site may implement this functionality in numerous ways. I'll show you one scenario that doesn't use an application server and another that does. Seeing how these scenarios differ will help you to see the application server's function.

Scenario 1: Web server without an application server

In the first scenario, a Web server alone provides the online store's functionality. The Web server takes your request, then passes it to a server-side program able to handle the request. The server-side program looks up the pricing information from a database or a flat file. Once retrieved, the server-side program uses the information to formulate the HTML response, then the Web server sends it back to your Web browser.

To summarize, a Web server simply processes HTTP requests by responding with HTML pages.

Scenario 2: Web server with an application server

Scenario 2 resembles Scenario 1 in that the Web server still delegates the response generation to a script. However, you can now put the business logic for the pricing lookup onto an application server. With that change, instead of the script knowing how to look up the data and formulate a response, the script can simply call the application server's lookup service. The script can then use the service's result when the script generates its HTML response.

In this scenario, the application server serves the business logic for looking up a product's pricing information. That functionality doesn't say anything about display or how the client must use the information. Instead, the client and application server send data back and forth. When a client calls the application server's lookup service, the service simply looks up the information and returns it to the client.

By separating the pricing logic from the HTML response-generating code, the pricing logic becomes far more reusable between applications. A second client, such as a cash register, could also call the same service as a clerk checks out a customer. In contrast, in Scenario 1 the pricing lookup service is not reusable because the information is embedded within the HTML page. To summarize, in Scenario 2's model, the Web server handles HTTP requests by replying with an HTML page while the application server serves application logic by processing pricing and availability requests.

Caveats

Recently, XML Web services have blurred the line between application servers and Web servers. By passing an XML payload to a Web server, the Web server can now process the data and respond much as application servers have in the past.

Additionally, most application servers also contain a Web server, meaning you can consider a Web server a subset of an application server. While application servers contain Web server functionality, developers rarely deploy application servers in that capacity. Instead, when needed, they often deploy standalone Web servers in tandem with application servers. Such a separation of functionality aids performance (simple Web requests won't impact application server performance), deployment configuration (dedicated Web servers, clustering, and so on), and allows for best-of-breed product selection.



应用服务器有哪些:

BEA  WebLogic  Server,IBM  WebSphere  Application  Server,Oracle9i  Application  Server,jBoss,Tomcat

# Configuration file for notebook. c = get_config() #noqa #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Application(SingletonConfigurable) configuration #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ## This is an application. ## The date format used by logging formatters for %(asctime)s # Default: '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' # c.Application.log_datefmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' ## The Logging format template # Default: '[%(name)s]%(highlevel)s %(message)s' # c.Application.log_format = '[%(name)s]%(highlevel)s %(message)s' ## Set the log level by value or name. # Choices: any of [0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 'DEBUG', 'INFO', 'WARN', 'ERROR', 'CRITICAL'] # Default: 30 # c.Application.log_level = 30 ## Configure additional log handlers. # # The default stderr logs handler is configured by the log_level, log_datefmt # and log_format settings. # # This configuration can be used to configure additional handlers (e.g. to # output the log to a file) or for finer control over the default handlers. # # If provided this should be a logging configuration dictionary, for more # information see: # https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html#logging-config- # dictschema # # This dictionary is merged with the base logging configuration which defines # the following: # # * A logging formatter intended for interactive use called # ``console``. # * A logging handler that writes to stderr called # ``console`` which uses the formatter ``console``. # * A logger with the name of this application set to ``DEBUG`` # level. # # This example adds a new handler that writes to a file: # # .. code-block:: python # # c.Application.logging_config = { # 'handlers': { # 'file': { # 'class': 'logging.FileHandler', # 'level': 'DEBUG', # 'filename': '<path/to/file>', # } # }, # 'loggers': { # '<application-name>': { # 'level': 'DEBUG', # # NOTE: if you don't list the default "console" # # handler here then it will be disabled # 'handlers': ['console', 'file'], # }, # } # } # Default: {} # c.Application.logging_config = {} ## Instead of starting the Application, dump configuration to stdout # Default: False # c.Application.show_config = False ## Instead of starting the Application, dump configuration to stdout (as JSON) # Default: False # c.Application.show_config_json = False #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # JupyterApp(Application) configuration #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ## Base class for Jupyter applications ## Answer yes to any prompts. # Default: False # c.JupyterApp.answer_yes = False ## Full path of a config file. # Default: '' # c.JupyterApp.config_file = '' ## Specify a config file to load. # Default: '' # c.JupyterApp.config_file_name = '' ## Generate default config file. # Default: False # c.JupyterApp.generate_config = False ## The date format used by logging formatters for %(asctime)s # See also: Application.log_datefmt # c.JupyterApp.log_datefmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' ## The Logging format template # See also: Application.log_format # c.JupyterApp.log_format = '[%(name)s]%(highlevel)s %(message)s' ## Set the log level by value or name. # See also: Application.log_level # c.JupyterApp.log_level = 30 ## # See also: Application.logging_config # c.JupyterApp.logging_config = {} ## Instead of starting the Application, dump configuration to stdout # See also: Application.show_config # c.JupyterApp.show_config = False ## Instead of starting the Application, dump configuration to stdout (as JSON) # See also: Application.show_config_json # c.JupyterApp.show_config_json = False #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # ExtensionApp(JupyterApp) configuration #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ## Base class for configurable Jupyter Server Extension Applications. # # ExtensionApp subclasses can be initialized two ways: # # - Extension is listed as a jpserver_extension, and ServerApp calls # its load_jupyter_server_extension classmethod. This is the # classic way of loading a server extension. # # - Extension is launched directly by calling its `launch_instance` # class method. This method can be set as a entry_point in # the extensions setup.py. ## Answer yes to any prompts. # See also: JupyterApp.answer_yes # c.ExtensionApp.answer_yes = False ## Full path of a config file. # See also: JupyterApp.config_file # c.ExtensionApp.config_file = '' ## Specify a config file to load. # See also: JupyterApp.config_file_name # c.ExtensionApp.config_file_name = '' # Default: '' # c.ExtensionApp.default_url = '' ## Generate default config file. # See also: JupyterApp.generate_config # c.ExtensionApp.generate_config = False ## Handlers appended to the server. # Default: [] # c.ExtensionApp.handlers = [] ## The date format used by logging formatters for %(asctime)s # See also: Application.log_datefmt # c.ExtensionApp.log_datefmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' ## The Logging format template # See also: Application.log_format # c.ExtensionApp.log_format = '[%(name)s]%(highlevel)s %(message)s' ## Set the log level by value or name. # See also: Application.log_level # c.ExtensionApp.log_level = 30 ## # See also: Application.logging_config # c.ExtensionApp.logging_config = {} ## Whether to open in a browser after starting. # The specific browser used is platform dependent and # determined by the python standard library `webbrowser` # module, unless it is overridden using the --browser # (ServerApp.browser) configuration option. # Default: False # c.ExtensionApp.open_browser = False ## Settings that will passed to the server. # Default: {} # c.ExtensionApp.settings = {} ## Instead of starting the Application, dump configuration to stdout # See also: Application.show_config # c.ExtensionApp.show_config = False ## Instead of starting the Application, dump configuration to stdout (as JSON) # See also: Application.show_config_json # c.ExtensionApp.show_config_json = False ## paths to search for serving static files. # # This allows adding javascript/css to be available from the notebook server machine, # or overriding individual files in the IPython # Default: [] # c.ExtensionApp.static_paths = [] ## Url where the static assets for the extension are served. # Default: '' # c.ExtensionApp.static_url_prefix = '' ## Paths to search for serving jinja templates. # # Can be used to override templates from notebook.templates. # Default: [] # c.ExtensionApp.template_paths = [] #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # LabServerApp(ExtensionApp) configuration #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ## A Lab Server Application that runs out-of-the-box ## "A list of comma-separated URIs to get the allowed extensions list # # .. versionchanged:: 2.0.0 # `LabServerApp.whitetlist_uris` renamed to `allowed_extensions_uris` # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.allowed_extensions_uris = '' ## Answer yes to any prompts. # See also: JupyterApp.answer_yes # c.LabServerApp.answer_yes = False ## The application settings directory. # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.app_settings_dir = '' ## The url path for the application. # Default: '/lab' # c.LabServerApp.app_url = '/lab' ## Deprecated, use `LabServerApp.blocked_extensions_uris` # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.blacklist_uris = '' ## A list of comma-separated URIs to get the blocked extensions list # # .. versionchanged:: 2.0.0 # `LabServerApp.blacklist_uris` renamed to `blocked_extensions_uris` # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.blocked_extensions_uris = '' ## Whether to cache files on the server. This should be `True` except in dev # mode. # Default: True # c.LabServerApp.cache_files = True ## Full path of a config file. # See also: JupyterApp.config_file # c.LabServerApp.config_file = '' ## Specify a config file to load. # See also: JupyterApp.config_file_name # c.LabServerApp.config_file_name = '' ## Whether getting a relative (False) or absolute (True) path when copying a # path. # Default: False # c.LabServerApp.copy_absolute_path = False ## Extra paths to look for federated JupyterLab extensions # Default: [] # c.LabServerApp.extra_labextensions_path = [] ## Generate default config file. # See also: JupyterApp.generate_config # c.LabServerApp.generate_config = False ## Handlers appended to the server. # See also: ExtensionApp.handlers # c.LabServerApp.handlers = [] ## Options to pass to the jinja2 environment for this # Default: {} # c.LabServerApp.jinja2_options = {} ## The standard paths to look in for federated JupyterLab extensions # Default: [] # c.LabServerApp.labextensions_path = [] ## The url for federated JupyterLab extensions # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.labextensions_url = '' ## The interval delay in seconds to refresh the lists # Default: 3600 # c.LabServerApp.listings_refresh_seconds = 3600 ## The optional kwargs to use for the listings HTTP requests as # described on https://2.python-requests.org/en/v2.7.0/api/#requests.request # Default: {} # c.LabServerApp.listings_request_options = {} ## The listings url. # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.listings_url = '' ## The date format used by logging formatters for %(asctime)s # See also: Application.log_datefmt # c.LabServerApp.log_datefmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' ## The Logging format template # See also: Application.log_format # c.LabServerApp.log_format = '[%(name)s]%(highlevel)s %(message)s' ## Set the log level by value or name. # See also: Application.log_level # c.LabServerApp.log_level = 30 ## # See also: Application.logging_config # c.LabServerApp.logging_config = {} ## Whether a notebook should start a kernel automatically. # Default: True # c.LabServerApp.notebook_starts_kernel = True ## Whether to open in a browser after starting. # See also: ExtensionApp.open_browser # c.LabServerApp.open_browser = False ## The optional location of the settings schemas directory. If given, a handler # will be added for settings. # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.schemas_dir = '' ## Settings that will passed to the server. # See also: ExtensionApp.settings # c.LabServerApp.settings = {} ## The url path of the settings handler. # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.settings_url = '' ## Instead of starting the Application, dump configuration to stdout # See also: Application.show_config # c.LabServerApp.show_config = False ## Instead of starting the Application, dump configuration to stdout (as JSON) # See also: Application.show_config_json # c.LabServerApp.show_config_json = False ## The optional location of local static files. If given, a static file handler # will be added. # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.static_dir = '' ## paths to search for serving static files. # See also: ExtensionApp.static_paths # c.LabServerApp.static_paths = [] ## Url where the static assets for the extension are served. # See also: ExtensionApp.static_url_prefix # c.LabServerApp.static_url_prefix = '' ## Paths to search for serving jinja templates. # See also: ExtensionApp.template_paths # c.LabServerApp.template_paths = [] ## The application templates directory. # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.templates_dir = '' ## The optional location of the themes directory. If given, a handler will be # added for themes. # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.themes_dir = '' ## The theme url. # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.themes_url = '' ## The url path of the translations handler. # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.translations_api_url = '' ## The url path of the tree handler. # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.tree_url = '' ## The optional location of the user settings directory. # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.user_settings_dir = '' ## Deprecated, use `LabServerApp.allowed_extensions_uris` # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.whitelist_uris = '' ## The url path of the workspaces API. # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.workspaces_api_url = '' ## The optional location of the saved workspaces directory. If given, a handler # will be added for workspaces. # Default: '' # c.LabServerApp.workspaces_dir = '' #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # JupyterNotebookApp(LabServerApp) configuration #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ## The notebook server extension app. ## # See also: LabServerApp.allowed_extensions_uris # c.JupyterNotebookApp.allowed_extensions_uris = '' ## Answer yes to any prompts. # See also: JupyterApp.answer_yes # c.JupyterNotebookApp.answer_yes = False ## The application settings directory. # Default: '' # c.JupyterNotebookApp.app_settings_dir = '' ## The url path for the application. # Default: '/lab' # c.JupyterNotebookApp.app_url = '/lab' ## Deprecated, use `LabServerApp.blocked_extensions_uris` # See also: LabServerApp.blacklist_uris # c.JupyterNotebookApp.blacklist_uris = '' ## # See also: LabServerApp.blocked_extensions_uris # c.JupyterNotebookApp.blocked_extensions_uris = '' ## Whether to cache files on the server. This should be `True` except in dev # mode. # Default: True # c.JupyterNotebookApp.cache_files = True ## Full path of a config file. # See also: JupyterApp.config_file # c.JupyterNotebookApp.config_file = '' ## Specify a config file to load. # See also: JupyterApp.config_file_name # c.JupyterNotebookApp.config_file_name = '' ## Whether getting a relative (False) or absolute (True) path when copying a # path. # Default: False # c.JupyterNotebookApp.copy_absolute_path = False ## Whether custom CSS is loaded on the page. # Defaults to True and custom CSS is loaded. # Default: True # c.JupyterNotebookApp.custom_css = True ## The default URL to redirect to from `/` # Default: '/tree' # c.JupyterNotebookApp.default_url = '/tree' ## Whether to expose the global app instance to browser via window.jupyterapp # Default: False # c.JupyterNotebookApp.expose_app_in_browser = False ## Extra paths to look for federated JupyterLab extensions # Default: [] # c.JupyterNotebookApp.extra_labextensions_path = [] ## Generate default config file. # See also: JupyterApp.generate_config # c.JupyterNotebookApp.generate_config = False ## Handlers appended to the server. # See also: ExtensionApp.handlers # c.JupyterNotebookApp.handlers = [] ## Options to pass to the jinja2 environment for this # Default: {} # c.JupyterNotebookApp.jinja2_options = {} ## The standard paths to look in for federated JupyterLab extensions # Default: [] # c.JupyterNotebookApp.labextensions_path = [] ## The url for federated JupyterLab extensions # Default: '' # c.JupyterNotebookApp.labextensions_url = '' ## The interval delay in seconds to refresh the lists # See also: LabServerApp.listings_refresh_seconds # c.JupyterNotebookApp.listings_refresh_seconds = 3600 ## The optional kwargs to use for the listings HTTP requests as # described on https://2.python-requests.org/en/v2.7.0/api/#requests.request # See also: LabServerApp.listings_request_options # c.JupyterNotebookApp.listings_request_options = {} ## The listings url. # Default: '' # c.JupyterNotebookApp.listings_url = '' ## The date format used by logging formatters for %(asctime)s # See also: Application.log_datefmt # c.JupyterNotebookApp.log_datefmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' ## The Logging format template # See also: Application.log_format # c.JupyterNotebookApp.log_format = '[%(name)s]%(highlevel)s %(message)s' ## Set the log level by value or name. # See also: Application.log_level # c.JupyterNotebookApp.log_level = 30 ## # See also: Application.logging_config # c.JupyterNotebookApp.logging_config = {} ## Whether a notebook should start a kernel automatically. # Default: True # c.JupyterNotebookApp.notebook_starts_kernel = True ## Whether to open in a browser after starting. # See also: ExtensionApp.open_browser # c.JupyterNotebookApp.open_browser = False ## The optional location of the settings schemas directory. If given, a handler # will be added for settings. # Default: '' # c.JupyterNotebookApp.schemas_dir = '' ## Settings that will passed to the server. # See also: ExtensionApp.settings # c.JupyterNotebookApp.settings = {} ## The url path of the settings handler. # Default: '' # c.JupyterNotebookApp.settings_url = '' ## Instead of starting the Application, dump configuration to stdout # See also: Application.show_config # c.JupyterNotebookApp.show_config = False ## Instead of starting the Application, dump configuration to stdout (as JSON) # See also: Application.show_config_json # c.JupyterNotebookApp.show_config_json = False ## The optional location of local static files. If given, a static file handler # will be added. # Default: '' # c.JupyterNotebookApp.static_dir = '' ## paths to search for serving static files. # See also: ExtensionApp.static_paths # c.JupyterNotebookApp.static_paths = [] ## Url where the static assets for the extension are served. # See also: ExtensionApp.static_url_prefix # c.JupyterNotebookApp.static_url_prefix = '' ## Paths to search for serving jinja templates. # See also: ExtensionApp.template_paths # c.JupyterNotebookApp.template_paths = [] ## The application templates directory. # Default: '' # c.JupyterNotebookApp.templates_dir = '' ## The optional location of the themes directory. If given, a handler will be # added for themes. # Default: '' # c.JupyterNotebookApp.themes_dir = '' ## The theme url. # Default: '' # c.JupyterNotebookApp.themes_url = '' ## The url path of the translations handler. # Default: '' # c.JupyterNotebookApp.translations_api_url = '' ## The url path of the tree handler. # Default: '' # c.JupyterNotebookApp.tree_url = '' ## The optional location of the user settings directory. # Default: '' # c.JupyterNotebookApp.user_settings_dir = '' ## Deprecated, use `LabServerApp.allowed_extensions_uris` # See also: LabServerApp.whitelist_uris # c.JupyterNotebookApp.whitelist_uris = '' ## The url path of the workspaces API. # Default: '' # c.JupyterNotebookApp.workspaces_api_url = '' ## The optional location of the saved workspaces directory. If given, a handler # will be added for workspaces. # Default: '' # c.JupyterNotebookApp.workspaces_dir = '' #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # ServerApp(JupyterApp) configuration #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ## The Jupyter Server application class. ## Set the Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true header # Default: False # c.ServerApp.allow_credentials = False ## Set the Access-Control-Allow-Origin header # # Use '*' to allow any origin to access your server. # # Takes precedence over allow_origin_pat. # Default: '' # c.ServerApp.allow_origin = '' ## Use a regular expression for the Access-Control-Allow-Origin header # # Requests from an origin matching the expression will get replies with: # # Access-Control-Allow-Origin: origin # # where `origin` is the origin of the request. # # Ignored if allow_origin is set. # Default: '' # c.ServerApp.allow_origin_pat = '' ## DEPRECATED in 2.0. Use PasswordIdentityProvider.allow_password_change # Default: True # c.ServerApp.allow_password_change = True ## Allow requests where the Host header doesn't point to a local server # # By default, requests get a 403 forbidden response if the 'Host' header # shows that the browser thinks it's on a non-local domain. # Setting this option to True disables this check. # # This protects against 'DNS rebinding' attacks, where a remote web server # serves you a page and then changes its DNS to send later requests to a # local IP, bypassing same-origin checks. # # Local IP addresses (such as 127.0.0.1 and ::1) are allowed as local, # along with hostnames configured in local_hostnames. # Default: False # c.ServerApp.allow_remote_access = False ## Whether to allow the user to run the server as root. # Default: False # c.ServerApp.allow_root = False ## Answer yes to any prompts. # See also: JupyterApp.answer_yes # c.ServerApp.answer_yes = False ## " # Require authentication to access prometheus metrics. # Default: True # c.ServerApp.authenticate_prometheus = True ## The authorizer class to use. # Default: 'jupyter_server.auth.authorizer.AllowAllAuthorizer' # c.ServerApp.authorizer_class = 'jupyter_server.auth.authorizer.AllowAllAuthorizer' ## Reload the webapp when changes are made to any Python src files. # Default: False # c.ServerApp.autoreload = False ## The base URL for the Jupyter server. # # Leading and trailing slashes can be omitted, # and will automatically be added. # Default: '/' # c.ServerApp.base_url = '/' ## Specify what command to use to invoke a web # browser when starting the server. If not specified, the # default browser will be determined by the `webbrowser` # standard library module, which allows setting of the # BROWSER environment variable to override it. # Default: '' # c.ServerApp.browser = '' ## The full path to an SSL/TLS certificate file. # Default: '' # c.ServerApp.certfile = '' ## The full path to a certificate authority certificate for SSL/TLS client # authentication. # Default: '' # c.ServerApp.client_ca = '' ## Full path of a config file. # See also: JupyterApp.config_file # c.ServerApp.config_file = '' ## Specify a config file to load. # See also: JupyterApp.config_file_name # c.ServerApp.config_file_name = '' ## The config manager class to use # Default: 'jupyter_server.services.config.manager.ConfigManager' # c.ServerApp.config_manager_class = 'jupyter_server.services.config.manager.ConfigManager' ## The content manager class to use. # Default: 'jupyter_server.services.contents.largefilemanager.AsyncLargeFileManager' # c.ServerApp.contents_manager_class = 'jupyter_server.services.contents.largefilemanager.AsyncLargeFileManager' ## DEPRECATED. Use IdentityProvider.cookie_options # Default: {} # c.ServerApp.cookie_options = {} ## The random bytes used to secure cookies. # By default this is a new random number every time you start the server. # Set it to a value in a config file to enable logins to persist across server sessions. # # Note: Cookie secrets should be kept private, do not share config files with # cookie_secret stored in plaintext (you can read the value from a file). # Default: b'' # c.ServerApp.cookie_secret = b'' ## The file where the cookie secret is stored. # Default: '' # c.ServerApp.cookie_secret_file = '' ## Override URL shown to users. # # Replace actual URL, including protocol, address, port and base URL, # with the given value when displaying URL to the users. Do not change # the actual connection URL. If authentication token is enabled, the # token is added to the custom URL automatically. # # This option is intended to be used when the URL to display to the user # cannot be determined reliably by the Jupyter server (proxified # or containerized setups for example). # Default: '' # c.ServerApp.custom_display_url = '' ## The default URL to redirect to from `/` # Default: '/' # c.ServerApp.default_url = '/' ## Disable cross-site-request-forgery protection # # Jupyter server includes protection from cross-site request forgeries, # requiring API requests to either: # # - originate from pages served by this server (validated with XSRF cookie and token), or # - authenticate with a token # # Some anonymous compute resources still desire the ability to run code, # completely without authentication. # These services can disable all authentication and security checks, # with the full knowledge of what that implies. # Default: False # c.ServerApp.disable_check_xsrf = False ## handlers that should be loaded at higher priority than the default services # Default: [] # c.ServerApp.extra_services = [] ## Extra paths to search for serving static files. # # This allows adding javascript/css to be available from the Jupyter server machine, # or overriding individual files in the IPython # Default: [] # c.ServerApp.extra_static_paths = [] ## Extra paths to search for serving jinja templates. # # Can be used to override templates from jupyter_server.templates. # Default: [] # c.ServerApp.extra_template_paths = [] ## Open the named file when the application is launched. # Default: '' # c.ServerApp.file_to_run = '' ## The URL prefix where files are opened directly. # Default: 'notebooks' # c.ServerApp.file_url_prefix = 'notebooks' ## Generate default config file. # See also: JupyterApp.generate_config # c.ServerApp.generate_config = False ## DEPRECATED. Use IdentityProvider.get_secure_cookie_kwargs # Default: {} # c.ServerApp.get_secure_cookie_kwargs = {} ## The identity provider class to use. # Default: 'jupyter_server.auth.identity.PasswordIdentityProvider' # c.ServerApp.identity_provider_class = 'jupyter_server.auth.identity.PasswordIdentityProvider' ## DEPRECATED. Use ZMQChannelsWebsocketConnection.iopub_data_rate_limit # Default: 0.0 # c.ServerApp.iopub_data_rate_limit = 0.0 ## DEPRECATED. Use ZMQChannelsWebsocketConnection.iopub_msg_rate_limit # Default: 0.0 # c.ServerApp.iopub_msg_rate_limit = 0.0 ## The IP address the Jupyter server will listen on. # Default: 'localhost' # c.ServerApp.ip = 'localhost' ## Supply extra arguments that will be passed to Jinja environment. # Default: {} # c.ServerApp.jinja_environment_options = {} ## Extra variables to supply to jinja templates when rendering. # Default: {} # c.ServerApp.jinja_template_vars = {} ## Dict of Python modules to load as Jupyter server extensions.Entry values can # be used to enable and disable the loading ofthe extensions. The extensions # will be loaded in alphabetical order. # Default: {} # c.ServerApp.jpserver_extensions = {} ## The kernel manager class to use. # Default: 'jupyter_server.services.kernels.kernelmanager.MappingKernelManager' # c.ServerApp.kernel_manager_class = 'jupyter_server.services.kernels.kernelmanager.MappingKernelManager' ## The kernel spec manager class to use. Should be a subclass of # `jupyter_client.kernelspec.KernelSpecManager`. # # The Api of KernelSpecManager is provisional and might change without warning # between this version of Jupyter and the next stable one. # Default: 'builtins.object' # c.ServerApp.kernel_spec_manager_class = 'builtins.object' ## The kernel websocket connection class to use. # Default: 'jupyter_server.services.kernels.connection.base.BaseKernelWebsocketConnection' # c.ServerApp.kernel_websocket_connection_class = 'jupyter_server.services.kernels.connection.base.BaseKernelWebsocketConnection' ## DEPRECATED. Use ZMQChannelsWebsocketConnection.kernel_ws_protocol # Default: '' # c.ServerApp.kernel_ws_protocol = '' ## The full path to a private key file for usage with SSL/TLS. # Default: '' # c.ServerApp.keyfile = '' ## DEPRECATED. Use ZMQChannelsWebsocketConnection.limit_rate # Default: False # c.ServerApp.limit_rate = False ## Hostnames to allow as local when allow_remote_access is False. # # Local IP addresses (such as 127.0.0.1 and ::1) are automatically accepted # as local as well. # Default: ['localhost'] # c.ServerApp.local_hostnames = ['localhost'] ## The date format used by logging formatters for %(asctime)s # See also: Application.log_datefmt # c.ServerApp.log_datefmt = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' ## The Logging format template # See also: Application.log_format # c.ServerApp.log_format = '[%(name)s]%(highlevel)s %(message)s' ## Set the log level by value or name. # See also: Application.log_level # c.ServerApp.log_level = 30 ## # See also: Application.logging_config # c.ServerApp.logging_config = {} ## The login handler class to use. # Default: 'jupyter_server.auth.login.LegacyLoginHandler' # c.ServerApp.login_handler_class = 'jupyter_server.auth.login.LegacyLoginHandler' ## The logout handler class to use. # Default: 'jupyter_server.auth.logout.LogoutHandler' # c.ServerApp.logout_handler_class = 'jupyter_server.auth.logout.LogoutHandler' ## Sets the maximum allowed size of the client request body, specified in the # Content-Length request header field. If the size in a request exceeds the # configured value, a malformed HTTP message is returned to the client. # # Note: max_body_size is applied even in streaming mode. # Default: 536870912 # c.ServerApp.max_body_size = 536870912 ## Gets or sets the maximum amount of memory, in bytes, that is allocated for use # by the buffer manager. # Default: 536870912 # c.ServerApp.max_buffer_size = 536870912 ## Gets or sets a lower bound on the open file handles process resource limit. # This may need to be increased if you run into an OSError: [Errno 24] Too many # open files. This is not applicable when running on Windows. # Default: 0 # c.ServerApp.min_open_files_limit = 0 ## DEPRECATED, use root_dir. # Default: '' # c.ServerApp.notebook_dir = '' ## Whether to open in a browser after starting. # The specific browser used is platform dependent and # determined by the python standard library `webbrowser` # module, unless it is overridden using the --browser # (ServerApp.browser) configuration option. # Default: False # c.ServerApp.open_browser = False ## DEPRECATED in 2.0. Use PasswordIdentityProvider.hashed_password # Default: '' # c.ServerApp.password = '' ## DEPRECATED in 2.0. Use PasswordIdentityProvider.password_required # Default: False # c.ServerApp.password_required = False ## The port the server will listen on (env: JUPYTER_PORT). # Default: 0 # c.ServerApp.port = 0 ## The number of additional ports to try if the specified port is not available # (env: JUPYTER_PORT_RETRIES). # Default: 50 # c.ServerApp.port_retries = 50 ## Preferred starting directory to use for notebooks and kernels. # Default: '' # c.ServerApp.preferred_dir = '' ## DISABLED: use %pylab or %matplotlib in the notebook to enable matplotlib. # Default: 'disabled' # c.ServerApp.pylab = 'disabled' ## If True, display controls to shut down the Jupyter server, such as menu items # or buttons. # Default: True # c.ServerApp.quit_button = True ## DEPRECATED. Use ZMQChannelsWebsocketConnection.rate_limit_window # Default: 0.0 # c.ServerApp.rate_limit_window = 0.0 ## Reraise exceptions encountered loading server extensions? # Default: False # c.ServerApp.reraise_server_extension_failures = False ## The directory to use for notebooks and kernels. # Default: '' # c.ServerApp.root_dir = '' ## The session manager class to use. # Default: 'builtins.object' # c.ServerApp.session_manager_class = 'builtins.object' ## Instead of starting the Application, dump configuration to stdout # See also: Application.show_config # c.ServerApp.show_config = False ## Instead of starting the Application, dump configuration to stdout (as JSON) # See also: Application.show_config_json # c.ServerApp.show_config_json = False ## Shut down the server after N seconds with no kernelsrunning and no activity. # This can be used together with culling idle kernels # (MappingKernelManager.cull_idle_timeout) to shutdown the Jupyter server when # it's not in use. This is not precisely timed: it may shut down up to a minute # later. 0 (the default) disables this automatic shutdown. # Default: 0 # c.ServerApp.shutdown_no_activity_timeout = 0 ## The UNIX socket the Jupyter server will listen on. # Default: '' # c.ServerApp.sock = '' ## The permissions mode for UNIX socket creation (default: 0600). # Default: '0600' # c.ServerApp.sock_mode = '0600' ## Supply SSL options for the tornado HTTPServer. # See the tornado docs for details. # Default: {} # c.ServerApp.ssl_options = {} ## Paths to set up static files as immutable. # # This allow setting up the cache control of static files as immutable. It # should be used for static file named with a hash for instance. # Default: [] # c.ServerApp.static_immutable_cache = [] ## Supply overrides for terminado. Currently only supports "shell_command". # Default: {} # c.ServerApp.terminado_settings = {} ## Set to False to disable terminals. # # This does *not* make the server more secure by itself. # Anything the user can in a terminal, they can also do in a notebook. # # Terminals may also be automatically disabled if the terminado package # is not available. # Default: False # c.ServerApp.terminals_enabled = False ## DEPRECATED. Use IdentityProvider.token # Default: '<DEPRECATED>' # c.ServerApp.token = '<DEPRECATED>' ## Supply overrides for the tornado.web.Application that the Jupyter server uses. # Default: {} # c.ServerApp.tornado_settings = {} ## Whether to trust or not X-Scheme/X-Forwarded-Proto and X-Real-Ip/X-Forwarded- # For headerssent by the upstream reverse proxy. Necessary if the proxy handles # SSL # Default: False # c.ServerApp.trust_xheaders = False ## Disable launching browser by redirect file # For versions of notebook > 5.7.2, a security feature measure was added that # prevented the authentication token used to launch the browser from being visible. # This feature makes it difficult for other users on a multi-user system from # running code in your Jupyter session as you. # However, some environments (like Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) and Chromebooks), # launching a browser using a redirect file can lead the browser failing to load. # This is because of the difference in file structures/paths between the runtime and # the browser. # # Disabling this setting to False will disable this behavior, allowing the browser # to launch by using a URL and visible token (as before). # Default: True # c.ServerApp.use_redirect_file = True ## Specify where to open the server on startup. This is the # `new` argument passed to the standard library method `webbrowser.open`. # The behaviour is not guaranteed, but depends on browser support. Valid # values are: # # - 2 opens a new tab, # - 1 opens a new window, # - 0 opens in an existing window. # # See the `webbrowser.open` documentation for details. # Default: 2 # c.ServerApp.webbrowser_open_new = 2 ## Set the tornado compression options for websocket connections. # # This value will be returned from # :meth:`WebSocketHandler.get_compression_options`. None (default) will disable # compression. A dict (even an empty one) will enable compression. # # See the tornado docs for WebSocketHandler.get_compression_options for details. # Default: None # c.ServerApp.websocket_compression_options = None ## The base URL for websockets, # if it differs from the HTTP server (hint: it almost certainly doesn't). # # Should be in the form of an HTTP origin: ws[s]://hostname[:port] # Default: '' # c.ServerApp.websocket_url = ''
07-19
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