《进阶之光》笔记(5)——运行时权限

最新推荐文章于 2025-02-25 18:22:00 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2025-02-25 18:22:00 发布 · 99 阅读

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原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/3620480/blog/1524347

本文深入探讨了Android 6.0的运行时权限机制，详细解析了危险权限及其分组，如联系人、电话、日历等，并通过示例代码展示了如何在应用中实现运行时权限请求，包括权限检查、请求和处理用户拒绝情况。

package com.zjw.myapplication;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

//1.2.2 p30 运行时权限机制
/*
Android 6.0新特性
除了危险权限，其他都是普通权限，权限组中任何一个被授权，其他也被自动授权
Dangerous Permissions:
group:android.permission-group.CONTACTS
  permission:android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS
  permission:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
  permission:android.permission.READ_CONTACTS

group:android.permission-group.PHONE
  permission:android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG
  permission:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE
  permission:android.permission.CALL_PHONE
  permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG
  permission:android.permission.USE_SIP
  permission:android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
  permission:com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL

group:android.permission-group.CALENDAR
  permission:android.permission.READ_CALENDAR
  permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR

group:android.permission-group.CAMERA
  permission:android.permission.CAMERA

group:android.permission-group.SENSORS
  permission:android.permission.BODY_SENSORS

group:android.permission-group.LOCATION
  permission:android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
  permission:android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION

group:android.permission-group.STORAGE
  permission:android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
  permission:android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE

group:android.permission-group.MICROPHONE
  permission:android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO

group:android.permission-group.SMS
  permission:android.permission.READ_SMS
  permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
  permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS
  permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
  permission:android.permission.SEND_SMS
  permission:android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS
 */
/*
定义一个按钮打电话
第一次会询问是否授予权限，拒绝授予后，第二次会多一个不再询问，如果用户勾选了不再询问，我们可以给用户一个友好提示
shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale方法用于帮助 开发者向用户解释权限的情况，用户勾选“不再询问”，该方法会返回false
 */
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //找到控件
        Button btnCall = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_call);
        //按钮点击事件
        btnCall.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                requestPermission(); //申请权限
            }
        });
    }

    //申请权限
    private void requestPermission() {
        //运行时权限,检查有没有
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            //没有就申请权限
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE}, 1);
        } else {
            //用户如果之前就允许了权限之后进行的操作
            callPhone(); //打电话
        }
    }

    //打电话
    private void callPhone() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL);
        intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:" + "10086"));
        try {
            startActivity(intent);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //权限回调
    //运行时权限回调
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions,
                                           @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case 1:
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    //如果用户允许请求进行的操作
                    callPhone();
                } else {
                    //如果用户拒绝请求进行的操作
                    if (!ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,
                            Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE)) {
                        AlertDialog alertDialog=new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
                                .setMessage("该功能需要访问电话的权限，不开启将无法工作！")
                                .setPositiveButton("确定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                                    @Override
                                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                                    }
                                }).create();
                        alertDialog.show();
                    }else{
                        Toast.makeText(this, "You denid the permission", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                }
                return;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3620480/blog/1524347