django基础知识

install mysqlclient

setting:'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql', 'NAME':'mysql',




setting里修改为 ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['118.89.54.105']
python3 manage.py runserver 10.135.125.123:8000




1.django-admin startproject mysite //创建一个项目,进入mariadb里创建mysite数据库,修改db,host
2.python manage.py startapp polls创建一个应用,修改setting,INSTALLED_APPS里添加'polls'
3.修改polls/models.py文件
4.python manage.py makemigrations polls 生成0001_initial.py文件(用来创建数据库的),如果修改了model,那么删除生成的0001_initial.py文件再次运行这条命令就好了
python3 manage.py sqlmigrate polls 0001 ,查看根据001文件创建数据库的过程(实际不创建)
5.python manage.py migrate //创建数据库表, 
6.python3 manage.py  createsuperuser  //创建管理员,修改polls/admin.py增加polls数据库管理界面




修改管理页面的顶部都有“Django administration”:
1)setting.py里的templates里修改'DIRS':[os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
cp /usr/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/base_site.html /root/django/mysite1/templates/admin/


给polls添加index界面,urls和views关联
1)在polls/views.py中
from django.http import HttpResponse
def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("Hello, world. You're at the polls index.")
2)创建polls/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^$', views.index, name='index'),
]
]
3)在mysite/urls.py中
from django.conf.urls import include, url
from django.contrib import admin
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^polls/', include('polls.urls')), //include包含一个模块
   url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
]
]




进入SHELL:python3 manage.py shell


测试:python3 manage.py test polls


测试shell:
from django.test.utils import setup_test_environment
setup_test_environment()
from django.test import Client

client = Client()

目录结构

mysite/
    manage.py
    mysite/
        __init__.py
        settings.py
        urls.py
        wsgi.py
    polls/
        __init__.py
        admin.py
        migrations/
            __init__.py
            0001_initial.py
        models.py
        static/
            polls/
                images/
                    background.gif
                style.css
        templates/
            polls/
                detail.html
                index.html
                results.html
        tests.py
        urls.py
        views.py
    templates/
        admin/
            base_site.html