Centos6下构建Python2.7运维开发环境-优快云博客

###本次搭建的环境信息:

系统:centos6.5
python:2.7
mysql
django
flask

###python模块: python2.7安装

依赖包安装:

开发包都安装上:

yum -y groupinstall Base "Additional Development" "Development tools"
yum -y install gcc gdbm-devel readline-devel ncurses-devel zlib-devel sqlite-devel db4-devel tk-devel bluez-libs-devel make bzip2-devel gcc-c++ zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel libxml2-devel  openldap-devel libffi-devel libxslt-devel openldap-devel

###安装之前:

root># python --version
Python 2.6.6

###安装python2.7

wget --no-check-certificate  https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.15/Python-2.7.15.tar.xz

tar xf Python-2.7.15.tar.xz
cd Python-2.7.15

./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make -j4 && make altinstall

###python2.7安装位置:

root># ll /usr/local/bin/python*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6214541 Sep 16 16:39 /usr/local/bin/python2.7
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    1674 Sep 16 16:40 /usr/local/bin/python2.7-config

###默认python2.6.6位置:

root># ll /usr/bin/python*
-rwxr-xr-x  2 root root 9176 Dec  8  2011 /usr/bin/python
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    6 Jun 22 10:22 /usr/bin/python2 -> python
-rwxr-xr-x  2 root root 9176 Dec  8  2011 /usr/bin/python2.6
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1418 Dec  8  2011 /usr/bin/python2.6-config
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root   16 Jun 22 10:24 /usr/bin/python-config -> python2.6-config

###替换默认python,建立软链接，默认指向Python2.7

mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.6.6
ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python

yum与python2.7不兼容,修改为2.6.6,

vim /usr/bin/yum 
将#!/usr/bin/python改为
#!/usr/bin/python2.6.6

###查看python版本

root># python --version
Python 2.7.13

###安装distribute

#wget --no-check-certificate  http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/d/distribute/distribute-0.6.10.tar.gz
# tar xf distribute-0.6.10.tar.gz
# cd distribute-0.6.10
# python2.7 setup.py install

wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/5f/ad/1fde06877a8d7d5c9b60eff7de2d452f639916ae1d48f0b8f97bf97e570a/distribute-0.7.3.zip#md5=c6c59594a7b180af57af8a0cc0cf5b4a

unzip distribute-0.7.3.zip

cd distribute-0.7.3

python2.7 setup.py install

###安装pip

easy_install pip

pip install --upgrade pip

或者

wget --no-check-certificate https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
python get-pip.py

###安装位置:

root># ll /usr/local/bin/pip*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 281 Sep 16 16:53 /usr/local/bin/pip
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 283 Sep 16 16:53 /usr/local/bin/pip2
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 287 Sep 16 16:53 /usr/local/bin/pip2.7

###做软链接:

root># ln -s /usr/local/bin/pip* /usr/bin/

###安装virtualenv虚拟环境工具

root># pip install virtualenv

###激活虚拟环境

virtualenv .demo --no-site-packages

现在，无论何时你想在某个项目上工作，只需要激活相应的环境。在 OS X 和 Linux 上，执行如下操作:

$ . /home/www/.demo/bin/activate

mkdir .pip
touch pip.conf
www>$ cat .pip/pip.conf
[list]
format=columns

###安装virtualenvwrapper

easy_install virtualenvwrapper

之后的运维开发环境统一建立在www用户下面

切换至www用户

###修改pip源:

www>$mkdir -p ~/.pip;cd ~/.pip
www>$cat >pip.conf<<EOF

[global]
index-url=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple
[install]
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com

EOF

###www用户下建立python虚拟环境:

修改.bashrc添加以下内容
# virtualenvwrapper
export WORKON_HOME=~/.virtualenvs
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
export PIP_VIRTUALENV_BASE=$WORKON_HOME
export PIP_RESPECT_VIRTUALENV=true

生效:

source ~/.bashrc

###创建一个用于开发的虚拟环境:

#创建python virtual env,--no-site-packages将不会导入全局的包:

mkvirtualenv --no-site-packages devenv

###编辑.bashrc追加

source $WORKON_HOME/devenv/bin/activate

这样每次用www用户登录或切换至www用户都会自动进入我们建立的devenv虚拟环境:

会看到一个(devenv)的标识

###查看默认安装了哪些python模块:

www>$ pip list
pip (6.0.3)
setuptools (8.2.1)
(devenv)

###安装ipython

www>$ pip install ipython
Downloading/unpacking ipython
http://pypi.douban.com/simple/ipython/ uses an insecure transport scheme (http). Consider using https if pypi.douban.com has it available
Downloading ipython-2.2.0-py27-none-any.whl (2.8MB): 2.8MB downloaded
Installing collected packages: ipython
Successfully installed ipython
Cleaning up...

###安装其他可能会用到的模块:

$cat requirement.txt

argparse
Flask-WTF
Flask
MySQL-python
python-ldap
PyYAML
pexpect
paramiko
psutil
requests
Django==1.5.6
ipython

###安装模块

ww>$pip install -r requirement.txt

###使用国内镜像下载python库的办法

pip install -i https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/  -r requirements.txt       可用的

pip install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple/  -r requirements.txt       可用的

遇到SSL错误可使用下面方式
pip install -r requirements.txt -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple --trusted-host pypi.douban.com

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3138954/blog/869670