Linux下C++的编程——开发环境搭建与第一个程序

上一篇文章Linux下C++的编程——开偏介绍中我们已经介绍了GUN、GCC、G++等一些重要的概念，现在应该开始动手实践了！

开发工具的安装

环境 
Distributions版本：CentOS 6.7 
Linux内核片：2.6.32-573.3.1.el6.i686

一般Linux安装完之后默认就已经安装了GCC(GNU Compiler Collection)，你可以查看一下gcc和g++的版本号检查gcc和g++是否已经安装。

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">[luowf<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@luoweifu</span> ~]<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$ </span>gcc -v
gcc version <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4.4</span>.<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20120313</span> (<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Red</span> <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Hat</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4.4</span>.<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16</span>) (<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">GCC</span>) 
[luowf<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@luoweifu</span> ~]<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$ </span>g++ -v
gcc version <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4.4</span>.<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20120313</span> (<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Red</span> <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Hat</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4.4</span>.<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16</span>) (<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">GCC</span>) </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

如果未安装，在Linux系统链接网络的时候可通过以下命令安装开发工具集：

<code class="hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">yum groupinstall <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Development Tools"</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

第一个HelloWorld程序

说到程序，第一个肯定就是HelloWorld，那我们也从HelloWorld开始吧，写一个最简单的Hello程序，并编译和运行。

编写第一个程序

<code class="hljs mel has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">[luowf<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@luoweifu</span> Cplusplus]$ <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">pwd</span>
/home/luowf/<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">workspace</span>/Cplusplus

<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//在vim中编写第一个HelloWorld程序</span>
[luowf<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@luoweifu</span> Cplusplus]$ vim HelloWorld.cpp
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> #include <iostream>
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> 
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> main()
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span> {
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>         std::cout << <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Hello Wolrd!"</span> << std::endl;
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>         <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>;
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span> }

<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//编译程序</span>
[luowf<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@luoweifu</span> Cplusplus]$ g++ HelloWorld.cpp 
[luowf<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@luoweifu</span> Cplusplus]$ <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">ls</span>
a.out  HelloWorld.cpp  test1  test2
[luowf<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@luoweifu</span> Cplusplus]$ ./a.out 
Hello Wolrd!
[luowf<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@luoweifu</span> Cplusplus]$</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li></ul>

g++与gcc的区别

在上一篇文章中其实已经分别介绍了gcc和g++，说gcc是C的编译器，g++是C++的编译器。那是不是说gcc只能编译编译C语言，而g++只能编译C++呢？其实不是，gcc也可以编译C++程序，而C++是C的基础上发展而来的，所以g++也不可能编译不了C语言。它们之间的区别有如下几点： 
1. 后缀为.c的，gcc把它当作是C程序，而g++当作是c++程序；后缀为.cpp的，两者都会认为是c++程序。注意，虽然c++是c的超集，但是两者对语法的要求是有区别的，C++的语法规则更加严谨一些。 
2. 编译阶段，g++会调用gcc，对于c++代码，两者是等价的，但是因为gcc命令不能自动和C＋＋程序使用的库联接，所以通常用g++来完成链接，为了统一起见，干脆编译/链接统统用g++了，这就给人一种错觉，好像cpp程序只能用g++似的。用gcc进行编译，在选项中加上要链接的库，也可以编译c++。如上面的HelloWorld程序我们也可以用以下的命令进行编译：

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">[luowf<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@luoweifu</span> <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Cplusplus</span>]<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$ </span>gcc -lstdc++ <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">HelloWorld</span>.cpp
[luowf<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@luoweifu</span> <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Cplusplus</span>]<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$ </span>ls
a.out  <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">HelloWorld</span>.cpp  test1  test2
[luowf<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@luoweifu</span> <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Cplusplus</span>]<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$ </span>./a.out 
<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Hello</span> <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Wolrd</span>!
[luowf<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@luoweifu</span> <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Cplusplus</span>]<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$ </span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

1. gcc不会定义__cplusplus宏，而g++会 
   这个宏只是标志着编译器将会把代码按C还是C++语法来解释，如上所述，如果后缀为.c，并且采用gcc编译器，则该宏就是未定义的，否则，就是已定义。

程序的编译及常用命令

将源代码编译成目标文件,不进行链接

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">gcc -c HelloWorld<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.cpp</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

在编译的时候，依据操作系统给予优化执行速度

<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">gcc <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-O</span> HelloWorld<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>cpp <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-c</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

将目标文件链接成二进行(可执行)文件

<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">gcc <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-o</span> HelloWorld HelloWorld<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>o <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-lstdc</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">++</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

HelloWorld是可执行文件名，HelloWorld.o是目标文件名；如果是.c后缀的C源文件不用加-lstdc++，如果是.cpp后缀的C++源文件，要加-lstdc++。

在进行二进制文件制作时，将链接的函数库与相关的路径填入

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">(<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.cpp</span>文件)gcc -lstdc++ HelloWorld<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.cpp</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

或

<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">(<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>c文件)gcc HelloWorld<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>c <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-lm</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-L</span> /usr/Lib <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-I</span> /usr/include</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

说明： 
-lm 指的是libm.so或libm.a这个函数库文件； 
-L 后面接的路径是刚才上面那个函数库的搜索目录； 
-I 后面的是源码内的include文件(也就是包含的math.h头文件)所在的目录；

HelloWorld.cpp代码如下：

<code class="hljs cpp has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <iostream></span>
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <math.h></span>
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span> 
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> main()
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span> {
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>         <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">std</span>::<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">cout</span> << <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Hello Wolrd!"</span> << <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">std</span>::endl;
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>         <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span> value = <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">sin</span> (<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3.14</span> / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>);
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>         <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">std</span>::<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">cout</span> << <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"value:"</span> << value << <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">std</span>::endl;
  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">9</span>         <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>;
 <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span> }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>

将编译链接的结果输出成某个特定的文件名