SpringBoot项目导出可执行jar包，启动时报错：factory already defined

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本文介绍了一次使用SpringBoot框架开发的小型项目遇到的问题及解决方案。初始使用Eclipse打包成可执行JAR失败，通过调整为Maven方式打包并配置spring-boot-maven-plugin插件，成功解决了启动异常，实现了项目的正常运行。

近期用springboot框架做了个小型项目，用来处理用户回复的消息相关。阿里云服务器上没有tomcat，所以打算将项目打包成jar运行。使用eclipse中的项目右键 -> export -> 可执行jar，这种方式下的jar无法正常运行，报错如下：

严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:909)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:423)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:928)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat.start(Tomcat.java:455)
	at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer.initialize(TomcatWebServer.java:106)
	at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer.<init>(TomcatWebServer.java:86)
	at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatServletWebServerFactory.getTomcatWebServer(TomcatServletWebServerFactory.java:415)
	at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatServletWebServerFactory.getWebServer(TomcatServletWebServerFactory.java:174)
	at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.createWebServer(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:181)
	at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.onRefresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:154)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:543)
	at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:142)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:775)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:397)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:316)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1260)
	at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1248)
	at com.chl.SpiderRun.main(SpiderRun.java:22)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.jarinjarloader.JarRsrcLoader.main(JarRsrcLoader.java:58)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:921)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:831)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1377)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1367)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75)
	at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:134)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:902)
	... 26 more
Caused by: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to initialize component [org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot@7e28ed99]
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:909)
	... 34 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to initialize component [org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot@7e28ed99]
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.handleSubClassException(LifecycleBase.java:441)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:139)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:173)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.resourcesStart(StandardContext.java:4783)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:4918)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1377)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1367)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75)
	at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:134)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:902)
	... 34 more
Caused by: java.lang.Error: factory already defined
	at java.net.URL.setURLStreamHandlerFactory(URL.java:1112)
	at org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatURLStreamHandlerFactory.<init>(TomcatURLStreamHandlerFactory.java:130)
	at org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatURLStreamHandlerFactory.getInstanceInternal(TomcatURLStreamHandlerFactory.java:53)
	at org.apache.catalina.webresources.TomcatURLStreamHandlerFactory.register(TomcatURLStreamHandlerFactory.java:77)
	at org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot.registerURLStreamHandlerFactory(StandardRoot.java:699)
	at org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot.initInternal(StandardRoot.java:682)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:136)
	... 44 more

网上查了下，针对这个错误具体的原因没有找到，但很多内容指向打包方式，所以重新配置下，用maven方式打包

<!-- 打包类型 -->
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<!-- 打包处理 -->
<build>
	<finalName>Spider</finalName>
	<plugins>
		<plugin>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			<executions>
				<execution>
					<goals>
						<goal>repackage</goal>
					</goals>
				</execution>
			</executions>
			
			<!-- 排除一些指定文件 -->
			<configuration>
				<extensions>
					<extension>*.md</extension>
					<extension>AttactController.java</extension>
					<extension>**/webmagic/*</extension>
				</extensions>
			</configuration>
		</plugin>
	</plugins>
</build>

执行以下命令获得jar包

mvn clean package

执行jar运行

java -XX:MetaspaceSize=128m -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=128m -Xms256m -Xmx256m -Xmn128m -Xss256k -jar spider.jar

出现以下信息说明正常

chenhailongdeMacBook-Pro:Desktop chenhailong$ java -XX:MetaspaceSize=128m -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=128m -Xms256m -Xmx256m -Xmn128m -Xss256k -jar LawSpider-va.jar 
2019-09-19 14:41:51,865  INFO Version:21 - HV000001: Hibernate Validator 6.0.14.Final

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.1.3.RELEASE)

2019-09-19 14:41:52,247  INFO SpiderRun:50 - Starting SpiderRun on chenhailongdeMacBook-Pro.local with PID 2846 (/Users/chenhailong/Desktop/LawSpider-va.jar started by chenhailong in /Users/chenhailong/Desktop)
2019-09-19 14:41:52,249  INFO SpiderRun:675 - No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2019-09-19 14:41:53,373  INFO RepositoryConfigurationDelegate:244 - Multiple Spring Data modules found, entering strict repository configuration mode!
2019-09-19 14:41:53,379  INFO RepositoryConfigurationDelegate:126 - Bootstrapping Spring Data repositories in DEFAULT mode.
2019-09-19 14:41:53,434  INFO RepositoryConfigurationDelegate:182 - Finished Spring Data repository scanning in 35ms. Found 0 repository interfaces.
2019-09-19 14:41:53,876  INFO PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate$BeanPostProcessorChecker:330 - Bean 'org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration' of type [org.springframework.transaction.annotation.ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$7ffca964] is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors (for example: not eligible for auto-proxying)
2019-09-19 14:41:54,361  INFO TomcatWebServer:90 - Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
九月 19, 2019 2:41:54 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
信息: Starting service [Tomcat]
九月 19, 2019 2:41:54 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
信息: Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.16]
九月 19, 2019 2:41:54 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener lifecycleEvent
信息: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: [/Users/chenhailong/Library/Java/Extensions:/Library/Java/Extensions:/Network/Library/Java/Extensions:/System/Library/Java/Extensions:/usr/lib/java:.]
九月 19, 2019 2:41:54 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext log
信息: Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2019-09-19 14:41:54,559  INFO ContextLoader:296 - Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 2215 ms
Loading class `com.mysql.jdbc.Driver'. This is deprecated. The new driver class is `com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver'. The driver is automatically registered via the SPI and manual loading of the driver class is generally unnecessary.
2019-09-19 14:41:55,948  INFO ThreadPoolTaskExecutor:171 - Initializing ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor'
2019-09-19 14:41:56,807  INFO TomcatWebServer:204 - Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
2019-09-19 14:41:56,810  INFO SpiderRun:59 - Started SpiderRun in 5.208 seconds (JVM running for 5.991)