SQL Server中Rollup关键字使用技巧(统计功能)

最新推荐文章于 2023-04-18 20:15:00 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2023-04-18 20:15:00 发布 · 1.9k 阅读

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本文深入探讨了SQL中汇总数据的方法，包括单列汇总、多列汇总、小计与合计的展示方式，以及如何根据不同需求生成各类汇总报表。通过实例演示，详细介绍了使用WITH ROLLUP和GROUPING函数实现复杂数据汇总的技巧。

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create table #t(a int,b int,c int,d int,e int)
insert into #t values(1,2,3,4,5)
insert into #t values(1,2,3,4,6)
insert into #t values(1,2,3,4,7)
insert into #t values(1,2,3,4,8)
insert into #t values(1,3,3,4,5)
insert into #t values(1,3,3,4,6)
insert into #t values(1,3,3,4,8)
insert into #t values(1,3,3,4,7)

insert into #t values(2,2,2,4,5)
insert into #t values(2,2,3,4,6)
insert into #t values(2,2,4,4,7)
insert into #t values(2,2,5,4,8)
insert into #t values(2,3,6,4,5)
insert into #t values(2,3,3,4,6)
insert into #t values(2,3,3,4,8)
insert into #t values(2,3,3,4,7)

情况一：只有一个分类汇总列时，只需要一个合计。只需要增加with rollup即可。

select case when grouping(a)=1 then '合计' else cast(a as varchar) end a,
sum(b),sum(c),sum(d),sum(e) from #t group by a with rollup

情况二:有多个分类汇总列，只需要一个合计.增加rollup之后，需要增加判断。

select case when grouping(a)=1 then '合计' else cast(a as varchar) end a,
    b,
sum(c),sum(d),sum(e) from #t 
group by a,b with rollup 
having grouping(b)=0 or grouping(a)=1

select case when grouping(a)=1 then '合计' else cast(a as varchar) end a,
    b,
    c,
sum(d),sum(e) from #t 
group by a,b,c with rollup 
having grouping(c)=0 or grouping(a)=1

情况三：有多个分类汇总列，需要全部的小计和合计。

select case when grouping(a)=1 then '合计' else cast(a as varchar) end a,
    case when grouping(b)=1 and grouping(a)=0 then '小计' else cast(b as varchar) end b,
    case when grouping(c)=1 and grouping(b)=0 then '小计' else cast(c as varchar) end c,
sum(d),sum(e) from #t 
group by a,b,c with rollup

另外一种显示小计的方式

select case when grouping(a)=1 then '合计' 
    when grouping(b)=1 then cast(a as varchar)+'小计'
    else cast(a as varchar) end a,
    case when grouping(b)=0 and grouping(c)=1 
    then cast(b as varchar)+'小计' else cast(b as varchar) end b,
    case when grouping(c)=1 and grouping(b)=0 
    then '' else cast(c as varchar) end c,
sum(d),sum(e) from #t 
group by a,b,c with rollup

情况四：有多个分类汇总列，需要部分的小计和合计

select case when grouping(a)=1 then '合计' else cast(a as varchar) end a,
    b,
    case when grouping(c)=1 and grouping(b)=0 then '小计' else cast(c as varchar) end c,
sum(d),sum(e) from #t 
group by a,b,c with rollup 
having grouping(a)=1 or grouping(b)=0

select case when grouping(a)=1 then '合计' else cast(a as varchar) end a,
    case when grouping(b)=1 and grouping(a)=0 then '小计' else cast(b as varchar) end b,
    c,
sum(d),sum(e) from #t 
group by a,b,c with rollup 
having grouping(a)=1 or grouping(b)=1 or grouping(c)=0