api-paste.ini对应的WSGI Application

最新推荐文章于 2021-02-21 09:35:08 发布
原创 最新推荐文章于 2021-02-21 09:35:08 发布 · 610 阅读 · 1 ·
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#WSGI Application

api-paste.ini这个文件其实对应的是一个WSGI Application（app_urlmap）,而且api-paste.ini的每一个section，本质上也都是对应一个WSGI Application，这些WSGI Application的关系如下图：
图中每一个圆，都代表一个WSGI Application，为了易于描述，先给每个section对应的WSGI Appliction取一个名字，如下表。
Neutron的RESTful API可以简单分为两大类：一类是以“/”开头，一类是以“/2.0”开头。以”/”开头的只有一个API，是查询Neutron API的版本信息，如下图：
其余的API都是以”2.0”开头，比如network的RESTful API，如下图：
app_urlmap就是根据url（Neutron RESTful API）的特征进行分解，它的分解算法定义在section中，具体如下：
 [composite:neutron]
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[2025-08-12 10:38:11 +0800] [2852731] [DEBUG] Current configuration: config: /srv/webvirtcloud/gunicorn.conf.py wsgi_app: None bind: ['127.0.0.1:8000'] backlog: 2048 workers: 17 worker_class: sync threads: 1 worker_connections: 1000 max_requests: 0 max_requests_jitter: 0 timeout: 600 graceful_timeout: 30 keepalive: 2 limit_request_line: 4094 limit_request_fields: 100 limit_request_field_size: 8190 reload: False reload_engine: auto reload_extra_files: [] spew: False check_config: False print_config: False preload_app: False sendfile: None reuse_port: False chdir: /srv/webvirtcloud daemon: False raw_env: [] pidfile: None worker_tmp_dir: None user: 33 group: 33 umask: 0 initgroups: False tmp_upload_dir: None secure_scheme_headers: {'X-FORWARDED-PROTOCOL': 'ssl', 'X-FORWARDED-PROTO': 'https', 'X-FORWARDED-SSL': 'on'} forwarded_allow_ips: ['127.0.0.1', '::1'] accesslog: - disable_redirect_access_to_syslog: False access_log_format: %(h)s %(l)s %(u)s %(t)s "%(r)s" %(s)s %(b)s "%(f)s" "%(a)s" errorlog: - loglevel: debug capture_output: False logger_class: gunicorn.glogging.Logger logconfig: None logconfig_dict: {} logconfig_json: None syslog_addr: udp://localhost:514 syslog: False syslog_prefix: None syslog_facility: user enable_stdio_inheritance: False statsd_host: None dogstatsd_tags: statsd_prefix: proc_name: None default_proc_name: webvirtcloud.wsgi:application pythonpath: None paste: None on_starting: <function OnStarting.on_starting at 0x76b703ded750> on_reload: <function OnReload.on_reload at 0x76b703ded870> when_ready: <function WhenReady.when_ready at 0x76b703ded990> pre_fork: <function Prefork.pre_fork at 0x76b703dedab0> post_fork: <function Postfork.post_fork at 0x76b703dedbd0> post_worker_init: <function PostWorkerInit.post_worker_init at 0x76b703dedcf0> worker_int: <function WorkerInt.worker_int at 0x76b703dede10> worker_abort: <function WorkerAbort.worker_abort at 0x76b703dedf30> pre_exec: <function PreExec.pre_exec at 0x76b703dee050> pre_request: <function PreRequest.pre_request at 0x76b703dee170> post_request: <function PostRequest.post_request at 0x76b703dee200> child_exit: <function ChildExit.child_exit at 0x76b703dee320> worker_exit: <function WorkerExit.worker_exit at 0x76b703dee440> nworkers_changed: <function NumWorkersChanged.nworkers_changed at 0x76b703dee560> on_exit: <function OnExit.on_exit at 0x76b703dee680> ssl_context: <function NewSSLContext.ssl_context at 0x76b703dee7a0> proxy_protocol: False proxy_allow_ips: ['127.0.0.1', '::1'] keyfile: None certfile: None ssl_version: 2 cert_reqs: 0 ca_certs: None suppress_ragged_eofs: True do_handshake_on_connect: False ciphers: None raw_paste_global_conf: [] permit_obsolete_folding: False strip_header_spaces: False permit_unconventional_http_method: False permit_unconventional_http_version: False casefold_http_method: False forwarder_headers: ['SCRIPT_NAME', 'PATH_INFO'] header_map: drop [2025-08-12 10:38:11 +0800] [2852731] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 23.0.0 [2025-08-12 10:38:11 +0800] [2852731] [DEBUG] Arbiter booted [2025-08-12 10:38:11 +0800] [2852731] [INFO] Listening at: http://127.0.0.1:8000 (2852731) [2025-08-12 10:38:11 +0800] [2852731] [INFO] Using worker: sync [2025-08-12 10:38:11 +0800] [2852742] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 2852742 [2025-08-12 10:38:11 +0800] [2852743] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 2852743 [2025-08-12 10:38:11 +0800] [2852744] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 2852744 [2025-08-12 10:38:11 +0800] [2852745] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 2852745 [2025-08-12 02:38:11 +0000] [2852742] [ERROR] Exception in worker process Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/config.py", line 565, in configure handler = self.configure_handler(handlers[name]) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/config.py", line 746, in configure_handler result = factory(**kwargs) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/handlers.py", line 155, in __init__ BaseRotatingHandler.__init__(self, filename, mode, encoding=encoding, File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/handlers.py", line 58, in __init__ logging.FileHandler.__init__(self, filename, mode=mode, File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/__init__.py", line 1169, in __init__ StreamHandler.__init__(self, self._open()) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/__init__.py", line 1201, in _open return open_func(self.baseFilename, self.mode, PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/srv/webvirtcloud/webvirtcloud.log' The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 608, in spawn_worker worker.init_process() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 135, in init_process self.load_wsgi() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 147, in load_wsgi self.wsgi = self.app.wsgi() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 66, in wsgi self.callable = self.load() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 57, in load return self.load_wsgiapp() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 47, in load_wsgiapp return util.import_app(self.app_uri) File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/util.py", line 370, in import_app mod = importlib.import_module(module) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 883, in exec_module File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed File "/srv/webvirtcloud/webvirtcloud/wsgi.py", line 19, in <module> application = get_wsgi_application() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 12, in get_wsgi_application django.setup(set_prefix=False) File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 19, in setup configure_logging(settings.LOGGING_CONFIG, settings.LOGGING) File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/utils/log.py", line 76, in configure_logging logging_config_func(logging_settings) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/config.py", line 811, in dictConfig dictConfigClass(config).configure() File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/config.py", line 572, in configure raise ValueError('Unable to configure handler ' ValueError: Unable to configure handler 'default' [2025-08-12 02:38:11 +0000] [2852742] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 2852742) [2025-08-12 10:38:11 +0800] [2852746] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 2852746 [2025-08-12 10:38:11 +0800] [2852731] [ERROR] Worker (pid:2852742) exited with code 3 [2025-08-12 02:38:11 +0000] [2852743] [ERROR] Exception in worker process Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/config.py", line 565, in configure handler = self.configure_handler(handlers[name]) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/config.py", line 746, in configure_handler result = factory(**kwargs) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/handlers.py", line 155, in __init__ BaseRotatingHandler.__init__(self, filename, mode, encoding=encoding, File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/handlers.py", line 58, in __init__ logging.FileHandler.__init__(self, filename, mode=mode, File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/__init__.py", line 1169, in __init__ StreamHandler.__init__(self, self._open()) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/__init__.py", line 1201, in _open return open_func(self.baseFilename, self.mode, PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/srv/webvirtcloud/webvirtcloud.log' The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 608, in spawn_worker worker.init_process() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 135, in init_process self.load_wsgi() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 147, in load_wsgi self.wsgi = self.app.wsgi() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 66, in wsgi self.callable = self.load() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 57, in load return self.load_wsgiapp() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 47, in load_wsgiapp return util.import_app(self.app_uri) File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/util.py", line 370, in import_app mod = importlib.import_module(module) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 883, in exec_module File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed File "/srv/webvirtcloud/webvirtcloud/wsgi.py", line 19, in <module> application = get_wsgi_application() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 12, in get_wsgi_application django.setup(set_prefix=False) File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 19, in setup configure_logging(settings.LOGGING_CONFIG, settings.LOGGING) File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/utils/log.py", line 76, in configure_logging logging_config_func(logging_settings) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/config.py", line 811, in dictConfig dictConfigClass(config).configure() File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/config.py", line 572, in configure raise ValueError('Unable to configure handler ' ValueError: Unable to configure handler 'default' [2025-08-12 02:38:11 +0000] [2852743] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 2852743) [2025-08-12 02:38:11 +0000] [2852744] [ERROR] Exception in worker process Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/config.py", line 565, in configure handler = self.configure_handler(handlers[name]) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/config.py", line 746, in configure_handler result = factory(**kwargs) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/handlers.py", line 155, in __init__ BaseRotatingHandler.__init__(self, filename, mode, encoding=encoding, File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/handlers.py", line 58, in __init__ logging.FileHandler.__init__(self, filename, mode=mode, File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/__init__.py", line 1169, in __init__ StreamHandler.__init__(self, self._open()) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/__init__.py", line 1201, in _open return open_func(self.baseFilename, self.mode, PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/srv/webvirtcloud/webvirtcloud.log' The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 608, in spawn_worker worker.init_process() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 135, in init_process self.load_wsgi() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 147, in load_wsgi self.wsgi = self.app.wsgi() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 66, in wsgi self.callable = self.load() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 57, in load return self.load_wsgiapp() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 47, in load_wsgiapp return util.import_app(self.app_uri) File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/util.py", line 370, in import_app mod = importlib.import_module(module) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 883, in exec_module File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed File "/srv/webvirtcloud/webvirtcloud/wsgi.py", line 19, in <module> application = get_wsgi_application() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 12, in get_wsgi_application django.setup(set_prefix=False) File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 19, in setup configure_logging(settings.LOGGING_CONFIG, settings.LOGGING) File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/utils/log.py", line 76, in configure_logging logging_config_func(logging_settings) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/config.py", line 811, in dictConfig dictConfigClass(config).configure() File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/config.py", line 572, in configure raise ValueError('Unable to configure handler ' ValueError: Unable to configure handler 'default' [2025-08-12 02:38:11 +0000] [2852744] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 2852744) [2025-08-12 02:38:11 +0000] [2852745] [ERROR] Exception in worker process Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/config.py", line 565, in configure handler = self.configure_handler(handlers[name]) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/config.py", line 746, in configure_handler result = factory(**kwargs) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/handlers.py", line 155, in __init__ BaseRotatingHandler.__init__(self, filename, mode, encoding=encoding, File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/handlers.py", line 58, in __init__ logging.FileHandler.__init__(self, filename, mode=mode, File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/__init__.py", line 1169, in __init__ StreamHandler.__init__(self, self._open()) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/__init__.py", line 1201, in _open return open_func(self.baseFilename, self.mode, PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/srv/webvirtcloud/webvirtcloud.log' The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 608, in spawn_worker worker.init_process() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 135, in init_process self.load_wsgi() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/workers/base.py", line 147, in load_wsgi self.wsgi = self.app.wsgi() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 66, in wsgi self.callable = self.load() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 57, in load return self.load_wsgiapp() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 47, in load_wsgiapp return util.import_app(self.app_uri) File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/util.py", line 370, in import_app mod = importlib.import_module(module) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1050, in _gcd_import File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1027, in _find_and_load File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 688, in _load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 883, in exec_module File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 241, in _call_with_frames_removed File "/srv/webvirtcloud/webvirtcloud/wsgi.py", line 19, in <module> application = get_wsgi_application() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 12, in get_wsgi_application django.setup(set_prefix=False) File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 19, in setup configure_logging(settings.LOGGING_CONFIG, settings.LOGGING) File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/django/utils/log.py", line 76, in configure_logging logging_config_func(logging_settings) File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/config.py", line 811, in dictConfig dictConfigClass(config).configure() File "/usr/lib/python3.10/logging/config.py", line 572, in configure raise ValueError('Unable to configure handler ' ValueError: Unable to configure handler 'default' [2025-08-12 02:38:11 +0000] [2852745] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 2852745) [2025-08-12 10:38:11 +0800] [2852731] [ERROR] Worker (pid:2852743) exited with code 3 Traceback (most recent call last): File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 201, in run self.manage_workers() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 570, in manage_workers self.spawn_workers() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 642, in spawn_workers time.sleep(0.1 * random.random()) File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 241, in handle_chld self.reap_workers() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 529, in reap_workers raise HaltServer(reason, self.WORKER_BOOT_ERROR) gunicorn.errors.HaltServer: <HaltServer 'Worker failed to boot.' 3> During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/bin/gunicorn", line 8, in <module> sys.exit(run()) File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/app/wsgiapp.py", line 66, in run WSGIApplication("%(prog)s [OPTIONS] [APP_MODULE]", prog=prog).run() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 235, in run super().run() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/app/base.py", line 71, in run Arbiter(self).run() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 228, in run self.halt(reason=inst.reason, exit_status=inst.exit_status) File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 341, in halt self.stop() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 395, in stop time.sleep(0.1) File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 241, in handle_chld self.reap_workers() File "/srv/webvirtcloud/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 529, in reap_workers raise HaltServer(reason, self.WORKER_BOOT_ERROR) gunicorn.errors.HaltServer: <HaltServer 'Worker failed to boot.' 3>
最新发布
08-13
从日志来看，你的 Gunicorn 启动失败，错误的核心信息是： ``` PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/srv/webvirtcloud/webvirtcloud.log' ``` 这意味着 Gunicorn 在尝试写入日志文件 `/srv/webvirtcloud/webvirtcloud.log` 时没有足够的权限。 --- ### ✅ 解决方案 #### 1. **检查日志文件路径权限** 确保运行 Gunicorn 的用户对 `/srv/webvirtcloud/` 目录具有写权限。 你可以使用以下命令查看当前目录的权限： ```bash ls -ld /srv/webvirtcloud/ ``` 输出示例： ``` drwxr-xr-x 5 www-data www-data 4096 Aug 12 10:38 /srv/webvirtcloud/ ``` 如果运行 Gunicorn 的用户不是 `www-data`，则需要更改目录的所有权或添加写权限。 #### 2. **修改目录权限** 你可以使用以下命令为当前用户添加写权限： ```bash sudo chmod u+w /srv/webvirtcloud/ ``` 或者更改目录的所有者为运行 Gunicorn 的用户（假设用户是 `www-data`）： ```bash sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /srv/webvirtcloud/ ``` #### 3. **创建日志文件并设置权限** 手动创建日志文件并设置权限： ```bash sudo touch /srv/webvirtcloud/webvirtcloud.log sudo chown www-data:www-data /srv/webvirtcloud/webvirtcloud.log sudo chmod 644 /srv/webvirtcloud/webvirtcloud.log ``` #### 4. **检查 Gunicorn 的运行用户** 查看 Gunicorn 是否是以 `www-data` 或其他用户身份运行。你可以在 Gunicorn 配置文件（如 `gunicorn.service`）或命令行中指定用户： ```bash --user www-data --group www-data ``` 如果你使用的是 systemd 启动 Gunicorn，确保 `.service` 文件中配置了正确的用户： ```ini User=www-data Group=www-data ``` --- ### ✅ 补充建议 - 如果你不确定日志文件路径是否正确，可以临时将日志输出到标准输出，看看是否能正常启动： ```python # 修改 logging 配置，使用 StreamHandler 而非 FileHandler LOGGING = { 'version': 1, 'disable_existing_loggers': False, 'handlers': { 'console': { 'class': 'logging.StreamHandler', }, }, 'root': { 'handlers': ['console'], 'level': 'INFO', }, } ``` - 确保 `/srv/webvirtcloud/` 路径存在且不是只读挂载。 --- ###
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