maven下搭建SpringMVC

于 2017-06-18 23:34:00 发布
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原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/3422045/blog/983084
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本文详细介绍了如何在Maven项目中搭建SpringMVC框架，包括添加所需依赖、配置web.xml、spring-servlet.xml及applicationContext.xml，实现项目的初始化设置。

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在maven下已经建好javaweb项目，如何来搭建SpringMVC呢？

  • 一、maven添加SpringMVC所需jar包

点击pom.xml中的Add按钮，在中间输入框中输入spring-webmvc

    

或者在pom.xml中添加如下依赖

<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<spring.version>4.3.9.RELEASE</spring.version>
  </properties>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Servlet -->
    <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.0</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- JSP -->
    <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.2</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    
    <!-- JSTL -->
    <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
    	<!-- spring 环境 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- spring 环境 -->
	<dependency>
			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
			<version>1.7.25</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
			<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.33</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>log4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.17</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 数据库相关 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
			<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
			<version>1.0.31</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>6.0.6</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
			<version>3.4.4</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
			<version>1.3.1</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 数据库相关 -->
		
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>fancymall</finalName>
    <plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.8</source>
					<target>1.8</target>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
  </build>

  •  二、修改web.xml

此时需注意，如果之前修改了Dynamic Web Module的版本，则需要修改web.xml头部为对应的版本），添加Servlet(此处使用的是3.1版本的web.xml 。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1">
  <display-name>fancymall</display-name>
   <context-param>  
    <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>  
    <param-value>webApp.root</param-value>  
  </context-param> 
  <!-- log4j配置，文件路径，因为是跟随项目启动 -->
	<context-param>     
	     <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>     
	     <param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value>     
	</context-param>     
	 <!-- 加载log4j配置文件 -->
	 <listener>
	  <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
	 </listener>
  

	<!-- servletContext监听器，加载applicationContext上下文 -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
	</listener>
	<context-param>
	 <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
	 <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>
	
	
	<!-- 字符集 过滤器 -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
			<param-value>true</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>
         org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
      </servlet-class>
      <init-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
	</init-param>
      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
   </servlet>
   <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>*.shtml</url-pattern>
   </servlet-mapping>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

<servlet-name>属性随意，只要上下一致即可，url-pattern中的"*.shtml"为拦截所有后缀为此的请求，到

如上配置会自动去<param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>，如果没有配置这个属性则到默认WEB-INF下寻找'servlet-name'-servlet.xml（此处对应为spring-servlet.xml）。

  • 三、spring-servlet.xml

?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 配置扫描的包 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.dayuan.controller" />
	<!-- 注册HandlerMapper、HandlerAdapter两个映射类 -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven>
		<mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
			<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
				<property name="supportedMediaTypes" value="application/json;charset=UTF-8" />
			</bean>
			<!-- 配置Fastjson支持 -->
			<bean class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter">
				<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
					<list>
						<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
						<value>application/json</value>
					</list>
				</property>
				<!-- json转换规则 -->
				<property name="features">
					<list>
						<value>WriteMapNullValue</value>
						<value>QuoteFieldNames</value>
					</list>
				</property>
			</bean>
		</mvc:message-converters>
	</mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
	</bean>

</beans>

此配置会自动扫描com.dayuan.controller下的所有包中的含有注解的类（如@Controller等）；在applicationcontext.xml中配置其他的扫描包，<mvc:annotation-driven />会注册两个映射类，负责将请求映射到类和方法中；视图解析器是将Controller类返回的视图名加上配置的前后缀进行展示。

  • 四、applicationContext.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

	<context:component-scan base-package="com.dayuan">
		<context:exclude-filter type="annotation"
			expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
	</context:component-scan>

	<!-- 注意：如果配置了<context:component-scan>那么<context:annotation-config/>标签就可以不用再xml中配置了，因为前者包含了后者 -->
	<!-- <context:annotation-config /> -->

	<!-- 引入配置文件 -->
	<bean id="propertyConfigurer"
		class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
		<property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
	</bean>

	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
		init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
		<!-- 基本属性 url、user、password -->
		<property name="url" value="${jdbc_url}" />
		<property name="username" value="${jdbc_user}" />
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc_password}" />

		<!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
		<property name="initialSize" value="3" />
		<property name="minIdle" value="1" />
		<property name="maxActive" value="20" />

		<!-- 配置获取连接等待超时的时间 -->
		<property name="maxWait" value="60000" />
	</bean>

	<!-- spring和MyBatis完美整合，不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 -->
	<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
		<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml" />
		<!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件，**表示迭代查找 -->
		<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/dayuan/dao/**/*.xml" />
	</bean>

	<!-- DAO接口所在包名，Spring会自动查找其下的类 ,包下的类需要使用@MapperScan注解,否则容器注入会失败 -->
	<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
		<property name="basePackage" value="com.dayuan.dao" />
		<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
	</bean>

	<!-- (事务管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
	<bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
	</bean>

	<!-- 第四种配置事务的方式，注解 -->
	<tx:annotation-driven proxy-target-class="true"
		transaction-manager="transactionManager" />


	<!-- <aop:config>
		<aop:aspect id="time" ref="timeHandler">
			<aop:pointcut id="getNameMethod" expression="execution(* com.dayuan.jdkproxyTest.UserServiceImpl.getName(..))" />
			<aop:before method="printTime" pointcut-ref="getNameMethod" />
			<aop:after method="printTime" pointcut-ref="getNameMethod" />
		</aop:aspect>
	</aop:config> -->

</beans>

  • 五、eclipse中目录结构

233844_Ziw6_3422045.png

 

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3422045/blog/983084

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