响应式布局主要用来当遇到不同屏幕大小的时候,我们的网页还可以以比较友好的方式显示给用户。主要有4中类型的屏幕,
1、宽屏的台式机
2、便携式的笔记本
3、平板电脑
4、智能手机
下图是不同设备中同一个网页的不同显示效果

响应式布局主要用到的css中media query,它可以判断当前屏幕的尺寸。
有关css media query 谷歌一下就可以找到详细资料
其他的就是根据不同屏幕宽度来实现我们的布局了。
常见的有导航栏的响应式布局,表格的自使用,图像的自适用,网格多列布局的自适应等。
下面我们来演示一个机遇多列布局的响应式布局。
当屏幕尺寸在 10em(160px)<width <42em(672px)时候,我们让第一列独占一行,
其他2列浮动,占据一行,同时设置它的字体大小和颜色(区分)
42em(672px0 ) <width < 55em(880px)
3列都浮动,同时宽度按照 2:1:1来分配
width > 75em (1200px)
3列都浮动,但我们把字体的大小设置大一点。



从上面的3副图片可以看出来,我们页面确实可以根据不同的屏幕大小来自使用显示内容了。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<title>grid responsive layout</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://code.jquery.com/mobile/1.3.1/jquery.mobile-1.3.1.min.css" />
<script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
<script src="http://code.jquery.com/mobile/1.3.1/jquery.mobile-1.3.1.min.js"></script>
<style>
/* 1st breakpoint - Float B and C, leave A full width on top */
/* 1em=16px */
@media all and (max-width: 42em) and (min-width: 10em)) { /*672px*/
.rwd-example {
overflow: hidden; /* Use this or a "clearfix" to give the container height */
}
.rwd-example .ui-body {
min-height: 14em;
}
.rwd-example .ui-block-b,
.rwd-example .ui-block-c {
float: left;
width: 49.95%;
}
.rwd-example .ui-body {
font-size: 0.8em;
color: red;
}
}
/* 2nd breakpoint - Float all, 50/25/25 */
@media all and (min-width: 55em) { /*880px*/
.rwd-example .ui-body {
min-height: 18em;
}
.rwd-example .ui-body {
font-size: 100%;
color: green;
}
.rwd-example .ui-block-a,
.rwd-example .ui-block-c {
float: left;
width: 50%;
}
.rwd-example .ui-block-b,
.rwd-example .ui-block-c {
float: left;
width: 25%;
}
}
/* 3rd breakpoint - Bump up font size at very wide screens */
@media all and (min-width: 75em) { /*1200px*/
.rwd-example .ui-body {
font-size: 125%;
color: blue;
}
.rwd-example .ui-block-a,
.rwd-example .ui-block-c {
float: left;
width: 50%;
}
.rwd-example .ui-block-b,
.rwd-example .ui-block-c {
float: left;
width: 25%;
}
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- data-role a:黑色 b:蓝色 c:白色 d:灰色 e:黄色 -->
<div data-role="page">
<div data-role="header">
<h4>grid responsive layout学习</h4></div>
<div data-role="content">
<div class="rwd-example">
<!-- Lead story block -->
<div class="ui-block-a">
<div class="ui-body ui-body-d">
<h2>Apple schedules 'iPad Mini' event for October 23</h2>
<p>One of the worst-kept secrets in tech has been confirmed: Apple will hold an event October 23 in San Jose, California, at which the company is widely expected to unveil a smaller, cheaper version of its popular iPad called "Mini".</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- secondary story block #1 -->
<div class="ui-block-b">
<div class="ui-body ui-body-d">
<h4>Microsoft Surface tablet goes on sale for $499</h4>
<p>The Microsoft Surface tablet picture has come into focus. The Redmond giant filled in the blanks on the new tablet's availability and specs.</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- secondary story block #2 -->
<div class="ui-block-c">
<div class="ui-body ui-body-d">
<h4>AOL unveils Alto, an email service that syncs 5 accounts</h4>
<p>AOL, struggling to shed its outdated image, is reimagining one of the most visibly aging parts of its platform: Its email service. </p>
</div>
</div>
</div><!-- /rwd-example -->
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>