Django数据库操作中You are trying to add a non-nullable field 'name' to contact without a default错误处理

本文介绍了解决Django应用中尝试为现有表添加不可为空的字段时所遇到的问题,提供了一种有效的方法来添加默认值,并完成了数据库迁移。

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name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
执行:python manage.py makemirations出现以下错误:


You are trying to add a non-nullable field 'name' to contact without a default; we can't do that (the database needs something to populate existing rows).
Please select a fix:
 1) Provide a one-off default now (will be set on all existing rows with a null value for this column)
 2) Quit, and let me add a default in models.py
Select an option: 


解决方法:
先给'name'任意初始值:name = models.CharField(max_length=50, default='abc')
然后执行:python manage.py makemirations
再执行:python manage.py migrate


再将default删去,即执行:name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
执行:python manage.py makemirations
再执行:python manage.py migrate


解决!



注意:在开发过程中,数据库同步误操作之后,难免会遇到后面不能同步成功的情况,解决这个问题的一个简单粗暴方法是把migrations目录下的脚本(除__init__.py之外)全部删掉,再把数据库删掉之后创建一个新的数据库,数据库同步操作再重新做一遍。 
It seems like you are facing a database migration issue in Django. In this case, you have added a non-nullable field 'Number' to the 'author' model without a default value, and there are existing rows with null values for this column. To solve this issue, you have two options: 1. Provide a one-off default now: You can provide a default value for the 'Number' field that will be set on all existing rows with a null value for this column. You can do this by running the following command in your Django project directory: ``` python manage.py makemigrations --empty yourappname ``` This will create an empty migration file for your app. Then add the following code to the `operations` list in the `migrations.RunPython` method: ``` from django.db import migrations def set_default_value(apps, schema_editor): Author = apps.get_model('yourappname', 'Author') Author.objects.filter(Number=None).update(Number=0) class Migration(migrations.Migration): dependencies = [ ('yourappname', 'previous_migration'), ] operations = [ migrations.RunPython(set_default_value), ] ``` Replace 'yourappname' and 'previous_migration' with your actual app name and the previous migration name respectively. Then run the following command: ``` python manage.py migrate ``` This will apply the migration and set the default value for the 'Number' field on all existing rows with null values. 2. Quit, and let me add a default in models.py: If you don't want to provide a default value for the 'Number' field, you can quit the migration process and add a default value in the 'author' model in your models.py file. You can do this by adding the following code to your model: ``` class Author(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=100) # Add default value for Number field Number = models.IntegerField(default=0) ``` Then run the following command to create a new migration: ``` python manage.py makemigrations ``` This will create a new migration file with the default value for the 'Number' field. Then run the following command to apply the migration: ``` python manage.py migrate ``` This will apply the migration and add the default value for the 'Number' field in the 'author' model.
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