使用 Appium 进行 WPF 自动化

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参考链接：Get Your WPF Apps Automated With Appium

Appium官网：http://appium.io/docs/en/2.0/quickstart

1 环境准备

一、下载 Windows Application Driver，该驱动可以用于测试 UWP、WPF、WinForm、Win32 程序

二、下载 WinAppDriver 源码，具体的一些内容可以参考源码中的示例

如果需要自己编译 UIRecorder（后面使用到的元素选择器），可以打开 WinAppDriver 源码进行编译,或者你可以用我已经编译好的 exe 文件

UIRecorder：点此下载
编译时间：2023-05-09
编译平台：Visual Studio 2022
git branch: master
git commit: 9c561a5

三、打开系统的 开发者模式

打开 Window 设置，搜索 developer，启用开发者模式

2 集成单元测试

新建一个单元测试项目 MyAPP

给该项目添加 nuget 包 Appium.WebDriver

3 新增基本测试代码

新建类 TestsBase，新增方法 StartWinAppDriver 和 Initialize

public class TestsBase
{
	private const string WindowsApplicationDriverUrl = "http://127.0.0.1:4723";
	private const string ApplicationPath = @"..\..\..\..\MyAPP\bin\Debug\\MyAPP.exe";
	private const string DeviceName = "WindowsPC";
	private const int WaitForAppLaunch = 5;
	private const string WinAppDriverPath = @"C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Application Driver\WinAppDriver.exe";
	private static Process winAppDriverProcess;
	public WindowsDriver<WindowsElement> AppSession { get; private set; }
	public WindowsDriver<WindowsElement> DesktopSession { get; private set; }
	
	private static void StartWinAppDriver()
    {
        ProcessStartInfo psi = new ProcessStartInfo(WinAppDriverPath);
        psi.UseShellExecute = true;
        psi.Verb = "runas"; // run as administrator
        winAppDriverProcess = Process.Start(psi);
    }

    public void Initialize()
    {
        StartWinAppDriver();
        var appiumOptions = new AppiumOptions();
        appiumOptions.AddAdditionalCapability("app", ApplicationPath);
        appiumOptions.AddAdditionalCapability("deviceName", DeviceName);
        appiumOptions.AddAdditionalCapability("ms:waitForAppLaunch", WaitForAppLaunch);
        this.AppSession =
            new WindowsDriver<WindowsElement>(new Uri(WindowsApplicationDriverUrl), appiumOptions);
        Assert.IsNotNull(AppSession);
        Assert.IsNotNull(AppSession.SessionId);
        AppSession.Manage().Timeouts().ImplicitWait = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1.5);
        AppiumOptions optionsDesktop = new AppiumOptions();
        optionsDesktop.AddAdditionalCapability("app", "Root");
        optionsDesktop.AddAdditionalCapability("deviceName", DeviceName);
        DesktopSession = new WindowsDriver<WindowsElement>(new Uri(WindowsApplicationDriverUrl), optionsDesktop);
    }
}

新增方法

public void Cleanup()
{
    // Close the session
    if (AppSession != null)
    {
        AppSession.Close();
        AppSession.Quit();
    }
    // Close the desktopSession
    if (DesktopSession != null)
    {
        DesktopSession.Close();
        DesktopSession.Quit();
    }
}
public static void StopWinappDriver()
{
    // Stop the WinAppDriverProcess
    if (winAppDriverProcess != null)
    {
        foreach (var process in Process.GetProcessesByName("WinAppDriver"))
        {
            process.Kill();
        }
    }
}

新增一些操作元素的基本方法

protected void SelectAllText()
{
    Actions action = new Actions(AppSession);
    action.KeyDown(Keys.Control).SendKeys("a");
    action.KeyUp(Keys.Control);
    action.Perform();
}

protected void PerformDelete()
{
    Actions action = new Actions(AppSession);
    action.SendKeys(Keys.Delete);
    action.Perform();
}

protected void PerformEnter()
{
    Actions action = new Actions(AppSession);
    action.SendKeys(Keys.Enter);
    action.Perform();
}

protected void WriteText(string text)
{
    Actions action = new Actions(AppSession);
    action.SendKeys(text);
    action.Perform();
}

public WindowsElement FindByName(string name)
{
    return this.AppSession.FindElementByName(name);
}
public WindowsElement FindById(string id)
{
    return this.AppSession.FindElementByAccessibilityId(id);
}

4 测试 WPF 程序

新建类 UnitTest，继承自 TestBase

[TestClass]
public class UnitTest : TestBase
{
    private const string BUTTON_NEW_DATA_BASE = "newDataBaseButton";
    [TestInitialize]
    public void TestInitialize()
    {
        this.Initialize();
    }

    [TestCleanup]
    public void TestCleanup()
    {
        this.Cleanup();
    }

    [ClassCleanup]
    public static void ClassCleanusp()
    {
        StopWinappDriver();
    }

    [TestMethod]

    [DataRow("我的库")]
    public void CreateDataBase(string dbName)
    {
        WindowsElement btn = this.FindById(BUTTON_NEW_DATA_BASE);
        Assert.IsNotNull(btn);
        btn.Click();
        Thread.Sleep(1000);
        this.WriteText(dbName);
        this.PerformEnter();
    }


}

然后打开我们的 WPF 主窗体的 xaml 代码

新增一个按钮，添加属性 AutomationProperties.AutomationId，和上面的 BUTTON_NEW_DATA_BASE 相对应

 <Button
      MinWidth="100"
      AutomationProperties.AutomationId="newDataBaseButton" />

5 启动测试

在 Visual Studio 2022 中，点击视图-测试资源管理器

找到我们新增的 UnitTest 类，右键运行，结果如下