springboot 配置多数据源

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本文详细介绍了如何在Spring框架中配置多个数据源，通过示例展示了如何定义不同的数据源bean，以及如何在代码中使用这些数据源进行数据库操作。同时，文章还解释了如何通过@Primary注解设置默认数据源。

原理很简单，是利用spring的ioc，可以这么理解，数据源也是一个bean，这个bean读取一套数据库连接信息，多数据源便是多创建几个这样的bean，只要名字不同即可。
如下：

spring:
  datasource:
    test1:
      driver-class-name: xxx
      jdbc-url: xxx
      username: xxx
      password: xxx

    test2:
      driver-class-name: xxx
      jdbc-url: xxx
      username: xxx
      password: xxx

然后再代码里面创建一个包，放对应的配置文件

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.example.mapper.test1", sqlSessionFactoryRef = "test1SqlSessionFactory")
public class DataSource1Config {


    @Bean(name = "test1DataSource")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.test1")
    @Primary
    public DataSource test1DataSource() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Bean(name = "test1SqlSessionFactory")
    @Primary
    public SqlSessionFactory test1SqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("test1DataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        bean.setDataSource(dataSource);

        bean.setTypeAliasesPackage("com.example.mapper.test1");
        org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration configuration = new org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration();
        configuration.setMapUnderscoreToCamelCase(true);
        bean.setConfiguration(configuration);

        bean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath:mapper/test1/*.xml"));

        return bean.getObject();
    }

    @Bean(name = "test1TransactionManager")
    @Primary
    public DataSourceTransactionManager test1TransactionManager(@Qualifier("test1DataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
    }

    @Bean(name = "test1SqlSessionTemplate")
    @Primary
    public SqlSessionTemplate test1SqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("test1SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) {
        return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
    }
}

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.example.mapper.test2", sqlSessionFactoryRef = "test2SqlSessionFactory")
public class DataSource2Config {


    @Bean(name = "test2DataSource")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.test2")
    public DataSource test2DataSource() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Bean(name = "test2SqlSessionFactory")
    public SqlSessionFactory test2SqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("test2DataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        bean.setDataSource(dataSource);

        bean.setTypeAliasesPackage("com.example.mapper.test2");
        org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration configuration = new org.apache.ibatis.session.Configuration();
        configuration.setMapUnderscoreToCamelCase(true);
        bean.setConfiguration(configuration);

        return bean.getObject();
    }

    @Bean(name = "test2TransactionManager")
    public DataSourceTransactionManager test2TransactionManager(@Qualifier("test2DataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
    }

    @Bean(name = "test2SqlSessionTemplate")
    public SqlSessionTemplate test2SqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("test2SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) {
        return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
    }
}

其他的，像dao、po(entity)、service、mapper(xml)，把对应的目录路径配置在数据源bean中即可。

只有一个注意事项，spring的启动的时候，是默认一个数据源的，如果再运行中需要用到另一个数据源，会自动切换过去，所以代码里面要指定一个默认数据源，用@Primary注解表示