SAP ABAP OLE 操作上传的EXCEL模板（转）

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-02 17:34:11 发布

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本文介绍如何使用ABAP通过OLE操作Excel文件，包括从服务器下载模板、填充数据及保存文件等步骤。适用于需要批量处理Excel数据的企业应用。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

ABAP直接操作EXCEL实现数据处理。这里是用OLE实现操作EXCEL的。现在还有

DOI操作EXCEL等方法。以后用到再做介绍。此处不是直接生成EXCEL文件，而是从

服务器已经上传的EXCEL模板中下载模板然后打开修改实现数据保存。也可以直接创建

新的EXCEL文件往里面传递数据并设置格式。这里不做介绍。

1.采用模板文件实现。上传EXCEL模板

T-code：SMW0 WebRFC 的二进制数据包：MI

点击按钮，上传excel模板。

模板数据保存在系统表wwwdata中。

2.在程序中下载模板

*下载EXCEL模板FORM

FORM temp_excel_get.
DATA: lo_objdata LIKE wwwdatatab,
         lo_mime LIKE w3mime,
         lc_filename TYPE string VALUE'test01' ,
         lc_fullpath TYPE string VALUE'D:\test\' ,
         lc_path      TYPE string VALUE'D:\test\' ,
         ls_destination LIKE rlgrap-filename,
         ls_objnam TYPE string,
         li_rc LIKE sy-subrc,
         ls_errtxt TYPE string.
DATA:p_objid TYPE wwwdatatab-objid,
       p_dest LIKE sapb-sappfad.
p_objid = 'ZTEST.XLS'. “此处为EXCEL模板名称
CALL METHOD cl_gui_frontend_services=>file_save_dialog ”调用保存对话框
    EXPORTING
      default_extension    = 'XLS'
      default_file_name    = lc_filename
    CHANGING
      filename             = lc_filename
      path                 = lc_path
      fullpath             = lc_fullpath
    EXCEPTIONS
      cntl_error           = 1
      error_no_gui         = 2
      not_supported_by_gui = 3
      OTHERS               = 4.
IF lc_fullpath = ''.
    MESSAGE '不能打开excel' TYPE 'E'.
ENDIF.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
    p_dest = lc_fullpath.
*    concatenate p_objid '.XLS' into ls_objnam.
    CONDENSE ls_objnam NO-GAPS.
    SELECT SINGLE relid objid FROM wwwdata INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF lo_objdata
           WHERE srtf2 = 0 AND relid = 'MI' AND objid = p_objid.

*检查表wwwdata中是否存在所指定的模板文件
    IF sy-subrc NE 0 OR lo_objdata-objid EQ space.“如果不存在，则给出错误提示
      CONCATENATE '模板文件' ls_objnam '不存在' INTO ls_errtxt.
      MESSAGE ls_errtxt TYPE 'I'.
    ENDIF.
    ls_destination = p_dest. ”保存路径

*如果存在，调用DOWNLOAD_WEB_OBJECT 函数下载模板到路径下
    CALL FUNCTION 'DOWNLOAD_WEB_OBJECT'
      EXPORTING
        key         = lo_objdata
        destination = ls_destination
      IMPORTING
        rc          = li_rc.
    IF li_rc NE 0.
      CONCATENATE '模板文件：' ls_objnam '下载失败' INTO ls_errtxt.
      MESSAGE ls_errtxt TYPE 'E'.
    ENDIF.
    fname = ls_destination.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM.                    "fm_excel

3.下载完模板后，打开模板文件，填入数据

CREATE OBJECT excel 'EXCEL.APPLICATION'. "Create EXCEL OBJECT
IF sy-subrc NE 0.
    EXIT.
ENDIF.
SET PROPERTY OF excel 'Visible' = 0. "1/0 是否显示EXCEL

CALL METHOD OF excel 'Workbooks' = workbook.

CALL METHOD OF workbook 'Open'
    EXPORTING
    #1 = fname. ."打开上面下载路径下的excel文件

CALL METHOD OF excel 'Sheets' = sheet
    EXPORTING
    #1 = 1.

CALL METHOD OF sheet 'Select' .

CALL METHOD OF sheet 'ACTIVATE'. “sheet 激活

SET PROPERTY OF sheet 'NAME' = sheetname. “设定sheet名称

*此处假设内表itab 中已经存在需要写入excel中的数据

*并且假如从模板的第7行开始插入数据

LOOP AT itab INTO wa.
    tab = wa-tabix + 6.
*在excel中插入一行
    PERFORM excel_row_insert USING sheet tab 1.

*填充所插入行的每个单元格的数据
    PERFORM fill_range USING tab 1 wa-t01.
    PERFORM fill_range USING tab 2 wa-t02.
    PERFORM fill_range USING tab 3 wa-t03.
    PERFORM fill_range USING tab 4 wa-t04.
    PERFORM fill_range USING tab 5 wa-t05.
    PERFORM fill_range USING tab 6 wa-t06.
ENDLOOP.

*设置EXCEL中所插入的数据行边框线格式为黑色有边框

bod = tab.
CONDENSE bod NO-GAPS.
CONCATENATE 'A6:F' bod INTO bod.

PERFORM borderrange USING excel bod.

PERFORM sub_excel_save."保存excel数据

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Form sub_excel_save
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM sub_excel_save.
GET PROPERTY OF excel 'ActiveSheet' = sheet. “获取活动SHEET
FREE OBJECT sheet.
FREE OBJECT workbook.

GET PROPERTY OF excel 'ActiveWorkbook' = workbook.
CALL METHOD OF workbook 'SAVE'.

SET PROPERTY OF excel 'Visible' = 1. "是否显示EXCEL 此处显示不退出

* SET PROPERTY OF excel 'Visible' = 1.

* CALL METHOD OF workbook 'CLOSE'.
* CALL METHOD OF excel 'QUIT'. 注释部分为不显示直接退出

FREE OBJECT sheet.
FREE OBJECT workbook.
FREE OBJECT excel.
ENDFORM.                    "save_book

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& 向excel中的指定行插入N行
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM excel_row_insert USING lcobj_sheet
                            lc_row
                            lc_count.
DATA lc_range TYPE ole2_object.
DATA h_borders TYPE ole2_object.
DO lc_count TIMES.
    CALL METHOD OF lcobj_sheet 'Rows' = lc_range
      EXPORTING #1 = 6.
    CALL METHOD OF lc_range 'Copy'. “COPY第6行插入一个新行
    CALL METHOD OF lcobj_sheet 'Rows' = lc_range
      EXPORTING #1 = lc_row.
    CALL METHOD OF lc_range 'Insert'.
    CALL METHOD OF lc_range 'ClearContents'. "是否需要清空Cell
ENDDO.
ENDFORM.                    "excel_row_insert

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Form fill_range
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       text 填充EXCEL 单元格
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
*      -->VALUE(F_ROW)    text
*      -->VALUE(F_COL)    text
*      -->VALUE(F_VALUE) text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM fill_range USING value(f_row)
                      value(f_col)
                      value(f_value).
DATA:
    row TYPE i,
    col TYPE i.
row = f_row.
col = f_col.
CALL METHOD OF excel 'CELLS' = cell
    EXPORTING
    #1 = row
    #2 = col.
SET PROPERTY OF cell 'VALUE' = f_value.
ENDFORM.                    "fill_range

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Form borderrange
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       text：设置EXCEL中所插入的数据行边框线格式

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
*      -->LCOBJ_EXCEL text
*      -->RANGE        text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM borderrange USING lcobj_excel
                       range .
DATA: lc_cell TYPE ole2_object ,
        lc_borders TYPE ole2_object .
CALL METHOD OF lcobj_excel 'RANGE' = lc_cell
    EXPORTING
    #1 = range.
DO 4 TIMES .
    CALL METHOD OF lc_cell 'BORDERS' = lc_borders
      EXPORTING #1 = sy-index.
    SET PROPERTY OF lc_borders 'LineStyle' = '1'.
    SET PROPERTY OF lc_borders 'WEIGHT' = 2.                "4=max
    SET PROPERTY OF lc_borders 'ColorIndex' = '1'.
ENDDO.
FREE OBJECT lc_borders.
FREE OBJECT lc_cell.
ENDFORM.                    "borderrange