本文介绍了一种使用JavaScript实现表格列的hover和选中状态的方法，解决了单元格高度联动及边框实现等问题，提供了完整的代码示例。
组织表格列的交互状态一直是很头疼的事情，他不像行那样有天然的tr包裹可控，只有一个虚无缥缈的col元素可以操作，而且原生的col样式在操作的时候也是有各种坑。
在做表格的列的hover效果的时候，尝试了控制col用纯css，最终因为各种bug放弃，最终无奈只好用js来实现。
要实现的效果如demo：
矛盾点：单元格高度联动，border的实现
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<mata charset="utf-8" />
<title>表格列的hover状态与选中状态 - 练小习的前端技术笔记</title>
<script src="https://imgcache.qq.com/open/qcloud/js/version/201408/jquery.201408191328.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box">
<!---->
<style>
*{
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
.box{
margin: 50px auto;
width: 1000px;
}
.data-v{
padding-left: 87px;
border-left: #d3d3d3 1px solid;
border-right:0 ;
font-size: 14px;
}
.data-v table{
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0;
table-layout: fixed;
width: 100%;
position: relative;
}
.data-v .data-v-head td{
border-bottom: #d3d3d3 1px solid;
}
.data-v .data-v-head div{
height: 100px;
box-sizing: border-box;
padding: 25px 0 0 0;
}
.data-v .data-v-head div h3{
font-size: 20px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
.data-v .data-v-head div span{
color: #666;
}
.data-v td{
height: 40px;
text-align: center;
border-left:#d3d3d3 1px solid;
background-clip: padding-box;
position: relative;
box-sizing: border-box;
padding: 10px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.data-v td div{
}
.data-v tr td:last-child{
border-right: #d3d3d3 1px solid;
}
.data-v tr td:first-child{
background-color: #fff;
border-left: none;
text-align: left;
width: 130px;
cursor: default;
}
.data-v tr td:first-child:after{
position: absolute;
content: '';
border-bottom: #f0f2f5 1px solid;
bottom:0px;
left: 0px;
width: 129px;
}
.data-v tr td:first-child h4{
position: absolute;
width: 206px;
top: -1px;
left: -87px;
font-size: 14px;
color: #999;
border-top: #d3d3d3 1px solid;
padding: 10px 0 0 10px;
}
.data-v tr:nth-child(2n){
background-color: #f0f2f5;
}
.data-v tr:first-child td{
border-top: #d3d3d3 1px solid;
}
.data-v tr:first-child td:first-child:after{
position: absolute;
content: '';
border-bottom: #d3d3d3 1px solid;
top:-1px;
left: -87px;
width: 207px;
height: 0px;
}
.data-v tr:last-child td:first-child{
border-bottom: 0;
}
.data-v tr:last-child td:first-child:after{
position: absolute;
content: '';
border-bottom: #d3d3d3 1px solid;
bottom:-1px;
left: -87px;
width: 217px;
height: 0;
}
.data-v tr:last-child td{
border-bottom: #d3d3d3 1px solid;
}
/*hover start*/
.data-v tr td.hover{
border-left: #2277da 1px solid;
border-right:#2277da 1px solid;
}
.data-v tr:first-child td.hover{
border-top: #2277da 1px solid;
background-color: #e8f1fb;
border-bottom: #bbd5f4 1px solid;
}
.data-v tr:first-child td.hover h3{
color: #4d8bdf;
}
.data-v tr:last-child td.hover{
border-bottom: #2277da 1px solid;
}
/*hover end*/
/*当前态 start*/
.data-v tr td.selected{
border-left: #2277da 1px solid;
border-right:#2277da 1px solid;
}
.data-v tr:first-child td.selected{
border-top: 0;
background-color: #e8f1fb;
border-bottom: #bbd5f4 1px solid;
}
.data-v tr:first-child td.selected:after{
position: absolute;
content: '';
border: #2277da 1px solid;
border-bottom: 0;
height: 10px;
width: 100%;
top: -10px;
left:-1px;
background-color: #e8f1fb;
}
.data-v tr:first-child td.selected h3{
color: #4d8bdf;
}
.data-v tr:last-child td.selected{
border-bottom: #2277da 1px solid;
}
.data-v tr:last-child td.selected:after{
position: absolute;
content: '';
background-image: url(https://www.chengrang.com/demo/icon18.png);
width: 32px;
height: 32px;
bottom: 0;
right:0;
}
/*当前态 end*/
/*当前态 end*/
@-moz-document url-prefix(){
.data-v tr:first-child td:first-child:after{
top:-2px;
}
.data-v tr:first-child td.selected:after{
width: calc(100% + 1px);
left:-2px;
}
}
</style>
<div class="data-v">
<table>
<tr class="data-v-head">
<td><div></div></td>
<td>
<div>
<h3>标题节点</h3>
<span>练小习的说明</span>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>
<h3>标题节点</h3>
<span>练小习的说明</span>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>
<h3>标题节点</h3>
<span>练小习的说明</span>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>
<h3>标题节点</h3>
<span>练小习的说明</span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="data-v-row">
<td>
<h4>类型节点</h4>
<div>类型标题</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>99%</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>99.9%</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>99.99%</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>100%</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="data-v-row">
<td>
<div>类型标题</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>练小习撰写新文章</div>
</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
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</td>
</tr>
<tr class="data-v-row">
<td>
<div>练小习类型标题</div>
</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
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</td>
</tr>
<tr class="data-v-row">
<td>
<div>类型标题</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>练小习撰写新文章</div>
</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
<div>练小习撰写新文章</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="data-v-row">
<td>
<h4>类型节点</h4>
<div>类型标题</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>99%</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>99.9%</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>99.99%</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>100%</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="data-v-row">
<td>
<div>类型标题</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>练小习撰写新文章</div>
</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
<div>练小习撰写新文章</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="data-v-row">
<td>
<div>类型标题</div>
</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
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</td>
</tr>
<tr class="data-v-row">
<td>
<div>类型标题</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>练小习撰写新文章</div>
</td>
<td>
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</td>
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</td>
<td>
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</td>
</tr>
<tr class="data-v-row">
<td>
<div>类型标题</div>
</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
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</td>
</tr>
<tr class="data-v-row">
<td>
<h4>类型节点</h4>
<div>类型标题</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>99%</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>99.9%</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>99.99%</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>100%</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="data-v-row">
<td>
<div>类型标题</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>练小习撰写新文章</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>练小习撰写新文章</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>练小习撰写新文章</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>练小习撰写新文章</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="data-v-row">
<td>
<div>类型标题</div>
</td>
<td>
<div>练小习撰写新文章</div>
</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
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</td>
<td>
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</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<!---->
<script>
(function(){
var $data = $('.data-v');
$data.on('click','td',function(){
var index = $(this).index(); $(this).closest('table').find('tr').each(function(cont,tr){
$(tr).find('td').each(function(i,item){
if(i==index&&i!=0){
$(item).addClass('selected')
}else {
$(item).removeClass('selected')
}
})
})
})
.on('mouseenter','td',function(){
var index = $(this).index(); $(this).closest('table').find('tr').each(function(cont,tr){ $(tr).find('td').each(function(i,item){
if(i==index&&i!=0){
$(item).addClass('hover')
}else {
$(item).removeClass('hover')
}
})
})
})
.on('mouseleave','td',function(){ $data.find('.hover').removeClass('hover')
})
})();
</script>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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