linux上安装mysql

1.官网下载对应服务器系统的mysql安装包

2.上传到linux服务器上 /data/mysql/ 下（没有目录自己创建,命令：cd /data  ， mkdir mysql），上传命令 rz -bey

3.进入/usr/local/  解压 tar -xzvf  /data/mysql/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 修改名字命令 mv mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

4.添加用户组   groupadd mysql   添加用户mysql 到用户组mysql    useradd -g mysql mysql

chown -R mysql mysql/ --将mysql目录访问权限赋为myql用户
chgrp -R mysql mysql/ --改变mysql目录的用户组属于mysql组

5.新建data目录 cd mysql   mkdir data

6.创建配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

character_set_server=utf8

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

lower_case_table_names = 1

sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

max_connections=5000

default-time_zone = '+8:00'

7.初始化数据库，先安装yum install libaio 

手动编辑一下日志文件，什么也不用写，直接保存退出

cd /var/log/

vim mysqld.log

：wq

chmod 777 mysqld.log

chown mysql:mysql mysqld.log

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --lc_messages_dir=/usr/local/mysql/share --lc_messages=en_US

8.查看初始密码：初始化会给一个初始密码，记下来或者cat /var/log/mysqld.log 最后一行：root@localhost: 这里就是初始密码

9.启动服务修改密码：

#如果提示必须要修改密码才可以进行操作的话则执行下面操作

set password=password('新密码');

flush privileges;

UPDATE `mysql`.`user` SET `Host` = '%', `User` = 'root' WHERE (`Host` = 'localhost') AND (`User` = 'root');

#然后执行如下操作开启mysql服务，以及设置相关权限

cd /var/run/

mkdir mysqld

chmod 777 mysqld

cd mysqld

vim mysqld.pid

chmod 777 mysqld.pid

chown mysql:mysql mysqld.pid

/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p 你在上面看到的初始密码

# 以下是进入数据库之后的sql语句

use mysql;

UPDATE `mysql`.`user` SET `Host`='%', `User`='root', `Select_priv`='Y', `Insert_priv`='Y', `Update_priv`='Y', `Delete_priv`='Y', `Create_priv`='Y', `Drop_priv`='Y', `Reload_priv`='Y', `Shutdown_priv`='Y', `Process_priv`='Y', `File_priv`='Y', `Grant_priv`='Y', `References_priv`='Y', `Index_priv`='Y', `Alter_priv`='Y', `Show_db_priv`='Y', `Super_priv`='Y', `Create_tmp_table_priv`='Y', `Lock_tables_priv`='Y', `Execute_priv`='Y', `Repl_slave_priv`='Y', `Repl_client_priv`='Y', `Create_view_priv`='Y', `Show_view_priv`='Y', `Create_routine_priv`='Y', `Alter_routine_priv`='Y', `Create_user_priv`='Y', `Event_priv`='Y', `Trigger_priv`='Y', `Create_tablespace_priv`='Y', `ssl_type`='', `ssl_cipher`='', `x509_issuer`='', `x509_subject`='', `max_questions`='0', `max_updates`='0', `max_connections`='0', `max_user_connections`='0', `plugin`='mysql_native_password', `authentication_string`='*6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9', `password_expired`='N', `password_last_changed`='2017-11-20 12:41:07', `password_lifetime`=NULL, `account_locked`='N' WHERE (`User`='root'); 

flush privileges;

10.开机自启

cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files

cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

chkconfig --add mysqld

11.mysql启停命令

su - mysql

service mysqld start/stop/restart

12.远程用户建立

grant all privileges on *.* to '新用户名'@'%' identified by '新密码';

flush privileges;

13.添加系统路径

vim /etc/profile

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

source /etc/profile

14.遇到的问题：

新安装的MySQL5.7，登录时提示密码错误，安装的时候并没有更改密码，后来通过免密码登录的方式更改密码，输入update mysql.user  set password=password('root') where user='root'时提示ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'password' in 'field list'，原来是mysql数据库下已经没有password这个字段了，password字段改成了authentication_string

所以更改语句替换为update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('root') where user='root' ;即可

1.vim /etc/my.cnf 加入skip-grant-tables

2.重启mysql

3.update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('root') where user='root' ;

或者ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost'IDENTIFIED BY '新密码';

4.编辑my.cnf文件删掉skip-grant-tables 这一行，然后重启MySQL否则MySQL仍能免密码登录