Investigating Retrieval-Augmented Generation in Quranic Studies: A Study of 13 Open-Source LLM

文章主要内容总结

研究背景

针对通用大语言模型在宗教领域(如古兰经研究)回答问题时存在的幻觉问题准确性不足,本研究提出结合检索增强生成(RAG)框架,通过集成领域特定知识(古兰经章节描述数据集)提升回答的上下文相关性忠实性准确性

研究方法
  1. 数据集:基于古兰经114章的描述性书籍,包含每章的历史背景、核心主题、美德等结构化信息。
  2. 模型评估:对比13个开源LLM(大、中、小三类)在RAG框架下的表现,包括Llama3系列(70B/8B/3B)、Gemma2系列(27B/9B/2B)、QwQ(32B)、Phi系列(3.8B)等。
  3. 评估指标:由人类评估者根据上下文相关性回答忠实性回答相关性三个维度评分。
主要发现
  1. 模型性能
    • 大模型(如Llama3:70B)在综合指标上表现最优,但计算资源消耗大。
    • 小模型Llama3.
Abstract: Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is a widely used welding process in various industries. One of the significant challenges in GMAW is to achieve optimal welding parameters and minimize defects such as spatter and porosity. In this paper, we propose a deep-learning-based approach to analyze metal-transfer images in GMAW processes. Our approach can automatically detect and classify the different types of metal-transfer modes and provide insights for process optimization. Introduction: Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is a welding process that uses a consumable electrode and an external shielding gas to protect the weld pool from atmospheric contamination. During the GMAW process, the metal transfer mode affects the weld quality and productivity. Three types of metal transfer modes are commonly observed in GMAW: short-circuiting transfer (SCT), globular transfer (GT), and spray transfer (ST). The selection of the transfer mode depends on the welding parameters, such as the welding current, voltage, and wire feed speed. The metal transfer mode can be observed using high-speed imaging techniques, which capture the dynamic behavior of the molten metal during welding. The interpretation of these images requires expertise and is time-consuming. To address these issues, we propose a deep-learning-based approach to analyze metal-transfer images in GMAW processes. Methodology: We collected a dataset of metal-transfer images using a high-speed camera during the GMAW process. The images were captured at a rate of 5000 frames per second, and the dataset includes 1000 images for each transfer mode. We split the dataset into training, validation, and testing sets, with a ratio of 70:15:15. We trained a convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify the metal-transfer mode from the images. We used the ResNet50 architecture with transfer learning, which is a widely used and effective approach for image classification tasks. The model was trained using the categorical cross-entropy loss function and the Adam optimizer. Results: We achieved an accuracy of 96.7% on the testing set using our deep-learning-based approach. Our approach can accurately detect and classify the different types of metal-transfer modes in GMAW processes. Furthermore, we used the Grad-CAM technique to visualize the important regions of the images that contributed to the classification decision. Conclusion: In this paper, we proposed a deep-learning-based approach to analyze metal-transfer images in GMAW processes. Our approach can automatically detect and classify the different types of metal-transfer modes with high accuracy. The proposed approach can provide insights for process optimization and reduce the need for human expertise in interpreting high-speed images. Future work includes investigating the use of our approach in real-time monitoring of the GMAW process and exploring the application of our approach in other welding processes.
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