Securing Large Language Models: Threats, Vulnerabilities and Responsible Practices

本文是LLM系列文章,针对《Securing Large Language Models: Threats, Vulnerabilities and
Responsible Practices》的翻译。

摘要

大型语言模型(LLM)极大地改变了自然语言处理(NLP)的格局。它们的影响涵盖了各种各样的任务,彻底改变了我们理解语言和生成的方式。尽管如此,LLM除了具有显著的实用性外,还引入了关键的安全和风险考虑因素。这些挑战需要仔细检查,以确保负责任的部署和防范潜在的漏洞。本研究论文从五个主题角度深入调查了与LLM相关的安全和隐私问题:安全和隐私担忧、对抗性攻击的漏洞、滥用LLM造成的潜在危害、应对这些挑战的缓解策略,同时确定了当前策略的局限性。最后,本文为未来的研究提供了有希望的途径,以加强LLM的安全性和风险管理。

1 引言

2 背景

3 LLM的安全和隐私问题

4 对抗性攻击和LLM漏洞

5 LLM的风险和失误

6 风险缓解策略

7 新机遇和未来研究

8 结论

本文对LLM的安全性和风险缓解方面进行了全面分析。我们研究LLM使用中出现的安全问题,如信息泄露、未经授权的访问和不安全的代码生成。此外

船载 OpenHarmony AIS 航海工作台:告警与防碰撞预警系统 船载OpenHarmony AIS航海工作台的告警与防碰撞系统,集成十余类告警(超速、偏航、会遇、SOS等),通过网格空间索引实现高效邻近判定,保障实时性。告警管理器统一调度规则、去重、通知与日志,支持悬浮球、语音、跑马灯、弹窗多渠道触达,确保航行安全。SOS紧急通道独立运行,避免干扰。系统设计强调性能优化与多场景适配,为航海安全提供核心支撑。 阅读详情

相关推荐

华中科技大学计算机组成原理-单总线CPU设计(全部通关)

【计算机组成原理】 单总线CPU实验 华中科技大学-计算机组成原理 实验三 单总线CPU设计 第1关 MIPS指令译码器设计 第2关 单总线CPU微程序入口查找逻辑 第3关 单总线CPU微程序条件判别测试逻辑 第4关 单总线CPU微程序控制器设计 第5关 采用微程序的单总线CPU设计 第6关 现代时序硬布线控制器状态机设计 第7关 现代时序硬布线控制器设计

紫荆鱼的博客 4万+

排查单片机不工作的‘玄学’故障:从LDO选型、复位电路到焊接不良的完整避坑指南

本文深入剖析单片机不工作的常见硬件故障,从LDO选型、复位电路设计到PCB布局和焊接工艺,提供系统性排查方法。重点分析3.3V电源稳定性、LDO动态响应特性及复位电路设计要点,帮助工程师快速定位和解决嵌入式系统中的'玄学'故障,提升产品可靠性。

weixin_30655569的博客 389

棋牌App逆向工程实战:透视风险分析与反作弊加固思路

在移动应用安全领域,逆向工程是一项关键的攻防技术,它通过静态分析、动态调试与协议抓包等手段,深入还原客户端真实逻辑。这项技术的核心原理,是从已编译的安装包中提取数据流,验证服务端下发的信息是否超出了客户端应有的可见范围。从技术价值看,安全测试人员可以借此定位协议层、内存层与缓存层的潜在风险,为反作弊体系提供精准的加固建议。在棋牌类App等实时对局场景中,逆向工程常被用于排查牌局信息泄露类隐患,而合规授权与测试环境是开展此类研究的必要前提。本文结合一次棋牌App的安全评估实践,梳理了从环境准备到数据流还原的完

weixin_29326909的博客 176

Odoo 集成ReportBro报表设计器支持13,14,15,16,17,18,19

Odoo 集成ReportBro零代码报表设计器,ReportBro设计器 一个用于创建PDF和XLSX报告模板的javascript插件。

zxltwins的博客 3379

YOLOv13全网首发:CVPR2026 MixerCSeg | DEGConv方向引导边缘门控,破解细长裂缝检测难题

DEGConv通过方向先验嵌入、边缘增强卷积和动态门控三大机制,针对性解决了YOLO在处理裂缝类细长、多方向、低对比度目标时的特征提取不足问题,显著提升了裂缝检测的精度与鲁棒性。

①答疑群聊服务;②YOLO大模型知识问答系统;③计算机视觉论文生成智能体; 442

共享单车数据抓取与分析:使用Python爬虫抓取共享单车使用数据与地图信息

通过本篇博客,我们展示了如何使用Python爬虫抓取共享单车的使用数据和地图信息,并通过简单的数据分析得出有价值的见解。在实际应用中,数据的收集与分析不仅能帮助城市管理者更好地规划单车站点,还能为用户提供更精准的单车使用体验。未来,我们可以将此分析与机器学习模型相结合,进一步预测单车的使用趋势,优化调度算法,实现更加智能的共享单车管理。

2201_76125261的博客 2206

如何借助Gemini 3 Pro完成一篇文献精读?(劝收藏)

金句必须是原文的完整句子,并附上该句子在文中的大致位置。你是一名资深科研文献评估专家,请根据我提供的文献信息(标题、作者、期刊、时间、引用、摘要、结论、图表)依次输出:①影响力评估:按期刊、作者、时间、引用、问题重要性给出1–10分及简述;用上述方法再结合Gemini 3 Pro的辅助,原本需要3小时才能读完一篇文献,现在只需50分钟,不管是顶刊论文还是领域内冷门论文,都可以用这套方法,另外七哥设计的高阶精读提示词,需根据自己的文献内容做调整,希望这篇文章的方法能帮你高效精读文献,掌握文献的精华内容。

智能AI让学术科研更容易 1302

KubeVela入门到精通-K8S多集群交付

KubeVela是一个功能强大、易于使用、高度可扩展的应用交付与管理平台。它基于Kubernetes和OAM 技术构建,通过开放应用模型(OAM)来作为顶层的抽像,提供了声明式部署、多集群/混合环境支 持、插件与扩展性、中心化管控以及易于使用与可观测性等特点。

小杨同学的博客 1270

win10 跳过U8环境检测的IE WebControls.rar

win10 安装u8的时候 提示IE WebControls 不通过,这个工具可以欺骗u8的检查。 跳过U8环境检测的IE WebControls。提示导入失败后,重新检测通过。

RU DOS版、EFI版32bit/64bit BIOS常用工具

DOS版、EFI版的RU工具,可用来查看IO、MEM、PCI、SMBIOS等资源。亲测在EFI SHELL下可用。

霍尼韦尔SoftMaster使用说明

霍尼韦尔SoftMaster使用说明

深度学习工具包 DeepLearningToolbox

深度学习工具包Deprecation notice.-----This toolbox is outdated and no longer maintained.There are much better tools available for deep learning than this toolbox, e.g. [Theano](http://deeplearning.net/software/theano/), [torch](http://torch.ch/) or [tensorflow](http://www.tensorflow.org/)I would suggest you use one of the tools mentioned above rather than use this toolbox.Best, Rasmus.DeepLearnToolbox================A Matlab toolbox for Deep Learning.Deep Learning is a new subfield of machine learning that focuses on learning deep hierarchical models of data.It is inspired by the human brain's apparent deep (layered, hierarchical) architecture.A good overview of the theory of Deep Learning theory is[Learning Deep Architectures for AI](http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~bengioy/papers/ftml_book.pdf)For a more informal introduction, see the following videos by Geoffrey Hinton and Andrew Ng.* [The Next Generation of Neural Networks](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AyzOUbkUf3M) (Hinton, 2007)* [Recent Developments in Deep Learning](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdIURAu1-aU) (Hinton, 2010)* [Unsupervised Feature Learning and Deep Learning](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZmNOAtZIgIk) (Ng, 2011)If you use this toolbox in your research please cite [Prediction as a candidate for learning deep hierarchical models of data](http://www2.imm.dtu.dk/pubdb/views/publication_details.php?id=6284)```@MASTERSTHESIS\{IMM2012-06284, author = "R. B. Palm", title = "Prediction as a candidate for learning deep hierarchical models of data", year = "2012",}```Contact: rasmusbergpalm at gmail dot comDirectories included in the toolbox-----------------------------------`NN/` - A library for Feedforward Backpropagation Neural Networks`CNN/` - A library for Convolutional Neural Networks`DBN/` - A library for Deep Belief Networks`SAE/` - A library for Stacked Auto-Encoders`CAE/` - A library for Convolutional Auto-Encoders`util/` - Utility functions used by the libraries`data/` - Data used by the examples`tests/` - unit tests to verify toolbox is workingFor references on each library check REFS.mdSetup-----1. Download.2. addpath(genpath('DeepLearnToolbox'));Example: Deep Belief Network---------------------```matlabfunction test_example_DBNload mnist_uint8;train_x = double(train_x) / 255;test_x = double(test_x) / 255;train_y = double(train_y);test_y = double(test_y);%% ex1 train a 100 hidden unit RBM and visualize its weightsrand('state',0)dbn.sizes = [100];opts.numepochs = 1;opts.batchsize = 100;opts.momentum = 0;opts.alpha = 1;dbn = dbnsetup(dbn, train_x, opts);dbn = dbntrain(dbn, train_x, opts);figure; visualize(dbn.rbm{1}.W'); % Visualize the RBM weights%% ex2 train a 100-100 hidden unit DBN and use its weights to initialize a NNrand('state',0)%train dbndbn.sizes = [100 100];opts.numepochs = 1;opts.batchsize = 100;opts.momentum = 0;opts.alpha = 1;dbn = dbnsetup(dbn, train_x, opts);dbn = dbntrain(dbn, train_x, opts);%unfold dbn to nnnn = dbnunfoldtonn(dbn, 10);nn.activation_function = 'sigm';%train nnopts.numepochs = 1;opts.batchsize = 100;nn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts);[er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y);assert(er < 0.10, 'Too big error');```Example: Stacked Auto-Encoders---------------------```matlabfunction test_example_SAEload mnist_uint8;train_x = double(train_x)/255;test_x = double(test_x)/255;train_y = double(train_y);test_y = double(test_y);%% ex1 train a 100 hidden unit SDAE and use it to initialize a FFNN% Setup and train a stacked denoising autoencoder (SDAE)rand('state',0)sae = saesetup([784 100]);sae.ae{1}.activation_function = 'sigm';sae.ae{1}.learningRate = 1;sae.ae{1}.inputZeroMaskedFraction = 0.5;opts.numepochs = 1;opts.batchsize = 100;sae = saetrain(sae, train_x, opts);visualize(sae.ae{1}.W{1}(:,2:end)')% Use the SDAE to initialize a FFNNnn = nnsetup([784 100 10]);nn.activation_function = 'sigm';nn.learningRate = 1;nn.W{1} = sae.ae{1}.W{1};% Train the FFNNopts.numepochs = 1;opts.batchsize = 100;nn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts);[er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y);assert(er < 0.16, 'Too big error');```Example: Convolutional Neural Nets---------------------```matlabfunction test_example_CNNload mnist_uint8;train_x = double(reshape(train_x',28,28,60000))/255;test_x = double(reshape(test_x',28,28,10000))/255;train_y = double(train_y');test_y = double(test_y');%% ex1 Train a 6c-2s-12c-2s Convolutional neural network %will run 1 epoch in about 200 second and get around 11% error. %With 100 epochs you'll get around 1.2% errorrand('state',0)cnn.layers = { struct('type', 'i') %input layer struct('type', 'c', 'outputmaps', 6, 'kernelsize', 5) %convolution layer struct('type', 's', 'scale', 2) %sub sampling layer struct('type', 'c', 'outputmaps', 12, 'kernelsize', 5) %convolution layer struct('type', 's', 'scale', 2) %subsampling layer};cnn = cnnsetup(cnn, train_x, train_y);opts.alpha = 1;opts.batchsize = 50;opts.numepochs = 1;cnn = cnntrain(cnn, train_x, train_y, opts);[er, bad] = cnntest(cnn, test_x, test_y);%plot mean squared errorfigure; plot(cnn.rL);assert(er<0.12, 'Too big error');```Example: Neural Networks---------------------```matlabfunction test_example_NNload mnist_uint8;train_x = double(train_x) / 255;test_x = double(test_x) / 255;train_y = double(train_y);test_y = double(test_y);% normalize[train_x, mu, sigma] = zscore(train_x);test_x = normalize(test_x, mu, sigma);%% ex1 vanilla neural netrand('state',0)nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]);opts.numepochs = 1; % Number of full sweeps through dataopts.batchsize = 100; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samples[nn, L] = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts);[er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y);assert(er < 0.08, 'Too big error');%% ex2 neural net with L2 weight decayrand('state',0)nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]);nn.weightPenaltyL2 = 1e-4; % L2 weight decayopts.numepochs = 1; % Number of full sweeps through dataopts.batchsize = 100; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samplesnn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts);[er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y);assert(er < 0.1, 'Too big error');%% ex3 neural net with dropoutrand('state',0)nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]);nn.dropoutFraction = 0.5; % Dropout fraction opts.numepochs = 1; % Number of full sweeps through dataopts.batchsize = 100; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samplesnn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts);[er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y);assert(er < 0.1, 'Too big error');%% ex4 neural net with sigmoid activation functionrand('state',0)nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]);nn.activation_function = 'sigm'; % Sigmoid activation functionnn.learningRate = 1; % Sigm require a lower learning rateopts.numepochs = 1; % Number of full sweeps through dataopts.batchsize = 100; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samplesnn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts);[er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y);assert(er < 0.1, 'Too big error');%% ex5 plotting functionalityrand('state',0)nn = nnsetup([784 20 10]);opts.numepochs = 5; % Number of full sweeps through datann.output = 'softmax'; % use softmax outputopts.batchsize = 1000; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samplesopts.plot = 1; % enable plottingnn = nntrain(nn, train_x, train_y, opts);[er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y);assert(er < 0.1, 'Too big error');%% ex6 neural net with sigmoid activation and plotting of validation and training error% split training data into training and validation datavx = train_x(1:10000,:);tx = train_x(10001:end,:);vy = train_y(1:10000,:);ty = train_y(10001:end,:);rand('state',0)nn = nnsetup([784 20 10]); nn.output = 'softmax'; % use softmax outputopts.numepochs = 5; % Number of full sweeps through dataopts.batchsize = 1000; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samplesopts.plot = 1; % enable plottingnn = nntrain(nn, tx, ty, opts, vx, vy); % nntrain takes validation set as last two arguments (optionally)[er, bad] = nntest(nn, test_x, test_y);assert(er < 0.1, 'Too big error');```[![Bitdeli Badge](https://d2weczhvl823v0.cloudfront.net/rasmusbergpalm/deeplearntoolbox/trend.png)](https://bitdeli.com/free "Bitdeli Badge")

上一篇: Interpretable User Satisfaction Estimation for Conversational Systems with Large Language Models
下一篇: Prompt Selection and Augmentation for Few Examples Code Generation in Large Language Model
UnknownBody
博客等级 码龄16年 5601粉丝 4743原创
评论
成就一亿技术人!
拼手气红包6.0元
还能输入1000个字符
 
 条评论被折叠 查看
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

个

红包个数最小为10个

元

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43元 前往充值 >
需支付:10.00元
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包

打赏作者

UnknownBody

你的鼓励将是我创作的最大动力

¥1 ¥2 ¥4 ¥6 ¥10 ¥20
扫码支付:¥1
获取中
扫码支付

您的余额不足,请更换扫码支付或充值

打赏作者

实付元
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值