ubuntu 12 下安装配置编译使用opencv 2.3.0 全过程

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/bush2582/article/details/20299615

经过几天的努力，初步完成了对opencv2.3.0的安装和使用。记录下过程希望对他人有帮助。

首先，的步骤当然是下载和编译opencv，根据这位大神提供的思路http://www.samontab.com/web/2010/04/installing-opencv-2-1-in-ubuntu/，安装和编译还是比较轻松。主要有以下几步：

1、下载opencv解压opencv

2、进入解压后的目录，建立一个目录用来安放编译后的文件，目录的名字自己取，我去的名字是release

3、不记得哪个版本的opencv之后，编译前的配置不再用configure文件了。而改用cmake ，所有赶紧看看自己的系统中是否安装了cmake 没有的话，赶紧安装吧。

4、进去我们刚才创建的目录中，运行cmake

5、之后就是make && make install 了。

这里特别提示你需要安装一个库，不然在运行的时候你就会发现一个问题

OpenCV Error: Unspecified error (The function is not implemented. Rebuild the library with Windows, GTK+ 2.x or Carbon support. If you are on Ubuntu or Debian, install libgtk2.0-dev and pkg-config, then re-run cmake or configure script) in cvNamedWindow, file /home/bush/OpencvSrc/OpenCV-2.3.0/modules/highgui/src/window.cpp, line 275
terminate called after throwing an instance of 'cv::Exception'
what(): /home/bush/OpencvSrc/OpenCV-2.3.0/modules/highgui/src/window.cpp:275: error: (-2) The function is not implemented. Rebuild the library with Windows, GTK+ 2.x or Carbon support. If you are on Ubuntu or Debian, install libgtk2.0-dev and pkg-config, then re-run cmake or configure script in function cvNamedWindow

问题的原因信息已经提示了要安装libgtk2.0-dev and pkg-config,这个不难,键入以下的命令就可以了。pkg-config已经在系统中安装了。

以上几个步骤对应的命令是

1、

wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/opencvlibrary/opencv-unix/2.3/OpenCV-2.3.0.tar.bz2;

tar -xvf OpenCV-2.3.0.tar.bz2

2、

cd OpenCV-2.3.0
sudo mkdir relese
cd relese
sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev

3、这里就需要看看你的系统中是否安装了cmake了，如果没有安装，就请自行安装吧命令也很简单

sudo apt-get install cmake

我一般将安装和编译的过程写在脚本当中，

#########################################################################
# File Name: Install_cmake.sh
# Author: ma6174
# mail: ma6174@163.com
# Created Time: 2014年02月28日 星期五 13时32分53秒
#########################################################################
#!/bin/bash


##############################################
# FunctionName:echocolor
# Author: bush2582
# Role:the output will have color
# Created Time: 
##############################################
echocolor(  )
{
	  echo -e "\e[0;33m${@}\e[0m";
}



##############################################
# FunctionName:InstallGCC
# Author: bush2582
# Role:check g++ is already in system
# Created Time: 
##############################################
function InstallGCC (  )
{
	
	which g++;
	if [ $? -eq 1 ];
	then
		read -p " g++ is not installed in this system do you want to install? (Y/y/n/N) " ynInstall_GCC;
		
		if [ $ynInstall_GCC = "Y" ] || [ $ynInstall_GCC = "y" ] ;
		then
			#echo " now we will install g++ ";
			echocolor "now we will install g++"
			sudo apt-get install g++;
		fi
	else
		echocolor "g++ already install in this system ";
	fi
}
##############################################
# FunctionName:InstallCmake
# Author: bush2582
# Role:install Cmake
# Created Time: 
##############################################

function InstallCmake(  )
{
	  InstallGCC;
	  echocolor " now we will star the program that CMake is installed in this system ";
	  cd cmake-2.8.0;
	  ./configure;
	  sudo make;
	  sudo make install;
	  exit 0;
}




#########################################################################
read -p "Do you want to download Cmake? (Y/y/n/N)?" downyn
if [ $downyn = "Y" ] || [ $downyn = "y" ];
then 
	wget http://down1.chinaunix.net/distfiles/cmake-2.8.0.tar.gz;
	echocolor "now Staring Tar cmake";
	tar -xvf cmake-2.8.0.tar.gz;
else
	echocolor "now Staring Tar cmake";
	tar -xvf cmake-2.8.0.tar.gz;
fi

read -p " Do you want to install camke now (Y/y/n/N)? " yn
if [ $yn = "y"  ] || [ $yn = "Y"  ] ;
then	
	InstallCmake;
else
	exit 0;
fi

3、这里的/usr/local/opencv是我自定义在系统中安装的路径

sudo cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/opencv -D BUILD_PYTHON_SUPPORT=ON ..

4、配置后自然就是make 和make install 了

sudo make 
sudo make install

当然你可以选择脚本的方法来安装，

#######################################################################
# File Name: LoadOpencv.sh
# Author: ma6174
# mail: ma6174@163.com
# Created Time: 2014年02月28日 星期五 10时46分11秒
#########################################################################
#!/bin/bash

#--------------------------------------------#
# FunctionName:echocolor
# Author: bush2582
# Role:the output will have color
# Created Time: 
#--------------------------------------------#
echocolor(  )
{
	  echo -e "\e[0;33m${@}\e[0m";
	  
}


read -p "Do you want to download Opencv-2.3.0? (Y/N)" DownLoadOpencv
if [ $DownLoadOpencv = "Y" ];
then
	echocolor "now Staring downLoad Opencv2.3.0 ";
	wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/opencvlibrary/opencv-unix/2.3/OpenCV-2.3.0.tar.bz2;
	echocolor "Staring tar OpenCV-2.3.0.tar.bz2 "
	tar -xvf OpenCV-2.3.0.tar.bz2
else
	tar -xvf OpenCV-2.3.0.tar.bz2
	echocolor "Staring tar OpenCV-2.3.0.tar.bz2 "
fi

cd OpenCV-2.3.0
sudo mkdir relese
cd relese
sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev
read -p "Please input Dir which you want to install " Dir
sudo cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$Dir -D BUILD_PYTHON_SUPPORT=ON ..
read -p  "now we will star opencv make&&install  in $Dir .Do you want to continue?( Y/N )  " GoOn
if [ $GoOn = "Y"  ] ;
then
	sudo make 
	sudo make install
else
	exit 0;
fi

这里，opencv的安装算是完成了，不过要怎么用它编译我自己的源代码呢？

需要做一些配置工作了。需要做如下的几步工作

1.添加库路径

sudo vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf
/usr/local//opencv/lib(添加内容)

2.更新系统库

$sudo ldconfig

3.设置环境变量

export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/opencv/lib/pkgconfig:$PKG_CONFIG_PATH

你也可以选择脚本，

#########################################################################
# File Name: ConfigureOpencv.sh
# Author: bush2582
# mail: bush2582@163.com
# Created Time: 2014年03月02日 星期日 15时45分54秒
#########################################################################
#!/bin/bash
ConfFileDir="/etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf"
OpencvLibDir="/usr/local/opencv/lib"
BashDir="/etc/bash.bashrc"
PKG="PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/opencv/lib/pkgconfig"
PKGExport="export PKG_CONFIG_PATH"
sudo file $ConfFileDir;
if [ $? -eq 1 ] ;
then
	sudo touch $ConfFileDir;
fi

sudo grep -x $OpencvLibDir $ConfFileDir
if [ $? -eq 1  ] ;
then
	sudo echo $OpencvLibDir >> $ConfFileDir;
fi

sudo ldconfig

sudo grep -x $PKG $BashDir

if [ $? -eq 1  ] ;
then
	sudo echo $PKG >> $BashDir;
	sudo echo $PKGExport >> $BashDir;
fi


sudo grep -x $PKG $BashDir
source $BashDir

这里说明几点：1、使用>> 可以在文件的最后累加文字。2、touch可以用来创建一个0字节的文件。3、grep -x 可以用来严格匹配文件中的数据。4、file 命令用来查看文件是否存在。（这里需要做完系统环境的配置后，重新打开一个命令行。关闭原来的命令行）

好了现在opencv的系统环境配置好了，那么我们怎么编译呢？当然用g++ ,不过我觉得输入一大堆命令太麻烦，索性写了个makefile 文件，

OBJS=  test.o
CC=g++
INCLUDE=  -I/usr/local/opencv/include -I/usr/local/opencv/include/opencv -I/home/bush/prj/linuxchuankou/include
LIB= -L /usr/local/opencv/lib `pkg-config --libs opencv`
Test:$(OBJS)
	$(CC) -o   Test     $(OBJS)   $(LIB)
test.o:test.cpp 
	$(CC) -c -g  test.cpp       $(INCLUDE)
clean:
	-rm Test $(OBJS)
#`pkg-config --libs opencv` -I/usr/local/OpenCV-2.4.2/build/include/opencv2-lopencv_highgui -lopencv_core

这是我的测试源码

/*************************************************************************
    > File Name: test.cpp
    > Author: bush2582
    > Mail: bush2582@163.com 
    > Created Time: 2014年03月02日 星期日 15时23分01秒
 ************************************************************************/

#include<iostream>
#include "cv.h"
#include "highgui.h"
using namespace std;
int main (  )  
{
	  IplImage * img=cvLoadImage("1.png",0);
	  cvNamedWindow("img",1  );
	  cvShowImage("img",img  );
	  cvWaitKey(0);
	  cvDestroyWindow("img");
	  cvReleaseImage(&img);
	  return 0;
}

在命令行中键入make 就可以编译完成了哈。

以上就是opencv2.3.0的编译安装和使用过程，希望对你有帮助哦。

转载请著名地址哦

http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/bush2582/article/details/20299615