[javascript权威指南][阅读笔记]一

本文深入讲解JavaScript的基础语法,包括词法结构、数据类型、变量声明等核心概念,并探讨了作用域链及其对变量解析的影响。

摘要生成于 C知道 ,由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持, 前往体验 >

第二章   词法结构


  1. JavaScript区分大小写;/html不区分大小写
  2. JavaScript会忽略程序中标识(token)之间的空格;
  3. 直接量:程序中直接使用的数据值;
  4. 标识符:字母、下划线(_)、美元($)
  5. 保留字:JavaScript把一些标识符拿出来做自己的关键字

第三章   类型、值和变量

  1. 原始类型(primitive type):数字,字符串,布尔值
  2. 对象类型(object type)
  3. 两个特殊的原始值:null,undefined
  4. 特殊的对象——数组,表示带编号的值的有序集合
  5. 特殊的对象——函数,具有与它相关联的可执行代码的对象,通过调用函数来运行可执行代码,并返回运算结果
  6. 如果用函数来初始化(new)一个新建对象,我们称之为构造函数(constructor),每个构造函数定义了一类(class)对象
  7. 另外三种有用的类:日期(Date),正则(RegExp),错误(Error)
  8. 原始类型 VS 对象类型,可以拥有方法的类型 VS 不可以,可变类型 VS 不可变
  9. 数字:Math,IEEE-754浮点数表示法,
  10. 文本:转义字符,模式匹配
  11. 布尔值
  12. null,undefined
  13. 全局对象
  14. 包装对象:存取数字,字符串或布尔值的属性时创建的临时对象
  15. 不可变的原始值,可变的对象引用:引用类型 VS 基本类型
  16. 类型转换:显式类型转换,parseInt(),parseFloat(),toString(),toFixed(),toExponential(),toPrecision()
  17. 对象转化为原始值:toString(),valueOf()
  18. 变量声明:重复的声明 VS 遗漏的声明
  19. 变量作用域(scope)
  20. 函数作用域和声明提前:函数内声明的所有变量在函数体内都是可见的。变量在声明之前甚至就可以用了——声明提前。
  21. 当声明一个全局变量时,就相当于定义了全局对象的一个属性。当使用var声明时,这个变量/属性是不可以delete的。
  22. 作用域链!!!
每一段javascript代码(全局代码或者函数)都有一个与之关联的作用域链(scope chain)。
这个作用域链是一个对象列表或链表,这组对象定义了这段代码“作用域中”的变量。
当javascript做变量解析的时候,会从链中的第一个对象开始查找,一直到找到该变量,否则抛出一个引用错误(ReferenceError)。
在javascript顶层代码中,作用域链由一个全局对象组成。



JavaScript权威指南 犀牛书 Chapter 1. Introduction to JavaScript Section 1.1. JavaScript Myths Section 1.2. Versions of JavaScript Section 1.3. Client-Side JavaScript Section 1.4. JavaScript in Other Contexts Section 1.5. Client-Side JavaScript: Executable Content in Web Pages Section 1.6. Client-Side JavaScript Features Section 1.7. JavaScript Security Section 1.8. Example: Computing Loan Payments with JavaScript Section 1.9. Using the Rest of This Book Section 1.10. Exploring JavaScript Part I: Core JavaScript Chapter 2. Lexical Structure Section 2.1. Character Set Section 2.2. Case Sensitivity Section 2.3. Whitespace and Line Breaks Section 2.4. Optional Semicolons Section 2.5. Comments Section 2.6. Literals Section 2.7. Identifiers Section 2.8. Reserved Words Chapter 3. Data Types and Values Section 3.1. Numbers Section 3.2. Strings Section 3.3. Boolean Values Section 3.4. Functions Section 3.5. Objects Section 3.6. Arrays Section 3.7. null Section 3.8. undefined Section 3.9. The Date Object Section 3.10. Regular Expressions Section 3.11. Error Objects Section 3.12. Primitive Data Type Wrapper Objects Chapter 4. Variables Section 4.1. Variable Typing Section 4.2. Variable Declaration Section 4.3. Variable Scope Section 4.4. Primitive Types and Reference Types Section 4.5. Garbage Collection Section 4.6. Variables as Properties Section 4.7. Variable Scope Revisited Chapter 5. Expressions and Operators Section 5.1. Expressions Section 5.2. Operator Overview Section 5.3. Arithmetic Operators Section 5.4. Equality Operators Section 5.5. Relational Operators Section 5.6. String Operators Section 5.7. Logical Operators Section 5.8. Bitwise Operators Section 5.9. Assignment Operators Section 5.10. Miscellaneous Operators Chapter 6. Statements Section 6.1. Expression Statements Section 6.2. Compound Statements Section 6.3. if Section 6.4. else if Section 6.5. switch Section 6.6. while Section 6.7. do/while Section 6.8. for Section 6.9. for/in Section 6.10. Labels Section 6.11. break Section 6.12. continue Section 6.13. var Section 6.14. function Section 6.15. return Section 6.16. throw Section 6.17. try/catch/finally Section 6.18. with Section 6.19. The Empty Statement Section 6.20. Summary of JavaScript Statements Chapter 7. Functions Section 7.1. Defining and Invoking Functions Section 7.2. Functions as Data Section 7.3. Function Scope: The Call Object Section 7.4. Function Arguments: The Arguments Object Section 7.5. Function Properties and Methods Chapter 8. Objects Section 8.1. Objects and Properties Section 8.2. Constructors Section 8.3. Methods Section 8.4. Prototypes and Inheritance Section 8.5. Object-Oriented JavaScript Section 8.6. Objects as Associative Arrays Section 8.7. Object Properties and Methods Chapter 9. Arrays Section 9.1. Arrays and Array Elements Section 9.2. Array Methods Chapter 10. Pattern Matching with Regular Expressions Section 10.1. Defining Regular Expressions Section 10.2. String Methods for Pattern Matching Section 10.3. The RegExp Object Chapter 11. Further Topics in JavaScript Section 11.1. Data Type Conversion Section 11.2. By Value Versus by Reference Section 11.3. Garbage Collection Section 11.4. Lexical Scoping and Nested Functions Section 11.5. The Function( ) Constructor and Function Literals Section 11.6. Netscape's JavaScript 1.2 Incompatibilities Part II: Client-Side JavaScript Chapter 12. JavaScript in Web Browsers Section 12.1. The Web Browser Environment Section 12.2. Embedding JavaScript in HTML Section 12.3. Execution of JavaScript Programs Chapter 13. Windows and Frames Section 13.1. Window Overview Section 13.2. Simple Dialog Boxes Section 13.3. The Status Line Section 13.4. Timeouts and Intervals Section 13.5. Error Handling Section 13.6. The Navigator Object Section 13.7. The Screen Object Section 13.8. Window Control Methods Section 13.9. The Location Object Section 13.10. The History Object Section 13.11. Multiple Windows and Frames Chapter 14. The Document Object Section 14.1. Document Overview Section 14.2. Dynamically Generated Documents Section 14.3. Document Color Properties Section 14.4. Document Information Properties Section 14.5. Forms Section 14.6. Images Section 14.7. Links Section 14.8. Anchors Section 14.9. Applets Section 14.10. Embedded Data Chapter 15. Forms and Form Elements Section 15.1. The Form Object Section 15.2. Defining Form Elements Section 15.3. Scripting Form Elements Section 15.4. Form Verification Example Chapter 16. Scripting Cookies Section 16.1. An Overview of Cookies Section 16.2. Storing Cookies Section 16.3. Reading Cookies Section 16.4. Cookie Example Chapter 17. The Document Object Model Section 17.1. An Overview of the DOM Section 17.2. Using the Core DOM API Section 17.3. DOM Compatibility with Internet Explorer 4 Section 17.4. DOM Compatibility with Netscape 4 Section 17.5. Convenience Methods: The Traversal and Range APIs Chapter 18. Cascading Style Sheets and Dynamic HTML Section 18.1. Styles and Style Sheets with CSS Section 18.2. Element Positioning with CSS Section 18.3. Scripting Styles Section 18.4. DHTML in Fourth-Generation Browsers Section 18.5. Other DOM APIs for Styles and Style Sheets Chapter 19. Events and Event Handling Section 19.1. Basic Event Handling Section 19.2. Advanced Event Handling with DOM Level 2 Section 19.3. The Internet Explorer Event Model Section 19.4. The Netscape 4 Event Model Chapter 20. Compatibility Techniques Section 20.1. Platform and Browser Compatibility Section 20.2. Language Version Compatibility Section 20.3. Compatibility with Non-JavaScript Browsers Chapter 21. JavaScript Security Section 21.1. JavaScript and Security Section 21.2. Restricted Features Section 21.3. The Same-Origin Policy Section 21.4. Security Zones and Signed Scripts Chapter 22. Using Java with JavaScript Section 22.1. Scripting Java Applets Section 22.2. Using JavaScript from Java Section 22.3. Using Java Classes Directly Section 22.4. LiveConnect Data Types Section 22.5. LiveConnect Data Conversion Section 22.6. JavaScript Conversion of JavaObjects Section 22.7. Java-to-JavaScript Data Conversion Part III: Core JavaScript Reference Chapter 23. Core JavaScript Reference Sample Entry arguments[ ] Arguments Arguments.callee Arguments.length Array Array.concat( ) Array.join( ) Array.length Array.pop( ) Array.push( ) Array.reverse( ) Array.shift( ) Array.slice( ) Array.sort( ) Array.splice( ) Array.toLocaleString( ) Array.toString( ) Array.unshift( ) Boolean Boolean.toString( ) Boolean.valueOf( ) Date Date.getDate( ) Date.getDay( ) Date.getFullYear( ) Date.getHours( ) Date.getMilliseconds( ) Date.getMinutes( ) Date.getMonth( ) Date.getSeconds( ) Date.getTime( ) Date.getTimezoneOffset( ) Date.getUTCDate( ) Date.getUTCDay( ) Date.getUTCFullYear( ) Date.getUTCHours( ) Date.getUTCMilliseconds( ) Date.getUTCMinutes( ) Date.getUTCMonth( ) Date.getUTCSeconds( ) Date.getYear( ) Date.parse( ) Date.setDate( ) Date.setFullYear( ) Date.setHours( ) Date.setMilliseconds( ) Date.setMinutes( ) Date.setMonth( ) Date.setSeconds( ) Date.setTime( ) Date.setUTCDate( ) Date.setUTCFullYear( ) Date.setUTCHours( ) Date.setUTCMilliseconds( ) Date.setUTCMinutes( ) Date.setUTCMonth( ) Date.setUTCSeconds( ) Date.setYear( ) Date.toDateString( ) Date.toGMTString( ) Date.toLocaleDateString( ) Date.toLocaleString( ) Date.toLocaleTimeString( ) Date.toString( ) Date.toTimeString( ) Date.toUTCString( ) Date.UTC( ) Date.valueOf( ) decodeURI( ) decodeURIComponent( ) encodeURI( ) encodeURIComponent( ) Error Error.message Error.name Error.toString( ) escape( ) eval( ) EvalError Function Function.apply( ) Function.arguments[] Function.call( ) Function.caller Function.length Function.prototype Function.toString( ) Global Infinity isFinite( ) isNaN( ) Math Math.abs( ) Math.acos( ) Math.asin( ) Math.atan( ) Math.atan2( ) Math.ceil( ) Math.cos( ) Math.E Math.exp( ) Math.floor( ) Math.LN10 Math.LN2 Math.log( ) Math.LOG10E Math.LOG2E Math.max( ) Math.min( ) Math.PI Math.pow( ) Math.random( ) Math.round( ) Math.sin( ) Math.sqrt( ) Math.SQRT1_2 Math.SQRT2 Math.tan( ) NaN Number Number.MAX_VALUE Number.MIN_VALUE Number.NaN Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY Number.toExponential( ) Number.toFixed( ) Number.toLocaleString( ) Number.toPrecision( ) Number.toString( ) Number.valueOf( ) Object Object.constructor Object.hasOwnProperty( ) Object.isPrototypeOf( ) Object.propertyIsEnumerable( ) Object.toLocaleString( ) Object.toString( ) Object.valueOf( ) parseFloat( ) parseInt( ) RangeError ReferenceError RegExp RegExp.exec( ) RegExp.global RegExp.ignoreCase RegExp.lastIndex RegExp.source RegExp.test( ) RegExp.toString( ) String String.charAt( ) String.charCodeAt( ) String.concat( ) String.fromCharCode( ) String.indexOf( ) String.lastIndexOf( ) String.length String.localeCompare( ) String.match( ) String.replace( ) String.search( ) String.slice( ) String.split( ) String.substr( ) String.substring( ) String.toLocaleLowerCase( ) String.toLocaleUpperCase( ) String.toLowerCase( ) String.toString( ) String.toUpperCase( ) String.valueOf( ) SyntaxError TypeError undefined unescape( ) URIError Part IV: Client-Side JavaScript Reference Chapter 24. Client-Side JavaScript Reference Sample Entry Anchor Applet Area Button Button.onclick Checkbox Checkbox.onclick Document Document.all[] Document.captureEvents( ) Document.clear( ) Document.close( ) Document.cookie Document.domain Document.elementFromPoint( ) Document.getSelection( ) Document.handleEvent( ) Document.lastModified Document.links[] Document.open( ) Document.releaseEvents( ) Document.routeEvent( ) Document.URL Document.write( ) Document.writeln( ) Element Event FileUpload FileUpload.onchange Form Form.elements[] Form.onreset Form.onsubmit Form.reset( ) Form.submit( ) Form.target Frame getClass( ) Hidden History History.back( ) History.forward( ) History.go( ) HTMLElement HTMLElement.contains( ) HTMLElement.getAttribute( ) HTMLElement.handleEvent( ) HTMLElement.insertAdjacentHTML( ) HTMLElement.insertAdjacentText( ) HTMLElement.onclick HTMLElement.ondblclick HTMLElement.onhelp HTMLElement.onkeydown HTMLElement.onkeypress HTMLElement.onkeyup HTMLElement.onmousedown HTMLElement.onmousemove HTMLElement.onmouseout HTMLElement.onmouseover HTMLElement.onmouseup HTMLElement.removeAttribute( ) HTMLElement.scrollIntoView( ) HTMLElement.setAttribute( ) Image Image.onabort Image.onerror Image.onload Input Input.blur( ) Input.click( ) Input.focus( ) Input.name Input.onblur Input.onchange Input.onclick Input.onfocus Input.select( ) Input.type Input.value JavaArray JavaClass JavaObject JavaPackage JSObject JSObject.call( ) JSObject.eval( ) JSObject.getMember( ) JSObject.getSlot( ) JSObject.getWindow( ) JSObject.removeMember( ) JSObject.setMember( ) JSObject.setSlot( ) JSObject.toString( ) Layer Layer.captureEvents( ) Layer.handleEvent( ) Layer.load( ) Layer.moveAbove( ) Layer.moveBelow( ) Layer.moveBy( ) Layer.moveTo( ) Layer.moveToAbsolute( ) Layer.offset( ) Layer.releaseEvents( ) Layer.resizeBy( ) Layer.resizeTo( ) Layer.routeEvent( ) Link Link.onclick Link.onmouseout Link.onmouseover Link.target Location Location.reload( ) Location.replace( ) MimeType Navigator Navigator.javaEnabled( ) Navigator.plugins.refresh( ) Option Password Plugin Radio Radio.onclick Reset Reset.onclick Screen Select Select.onchange Select.options[] Style Submit Submit.onclick Text Text.onchange Textarea Textarea.onchange URL Window Window.alert( ) Window.back( ) Window.blur( ) Window.captureEvents( ) Window.clearInterval( ) Window.clearTimeout( ) Window.close( ) Window.confirm( ) Window.defaultStatus Window.focus( ) Window.forward( ) Window.handleEvent( ) Window.home( ) Window.moveBy( ) Window.moveTo( ) Window.name Window.navigate( ) Window.onblur Window.onerror Window.onfocus Window.onload Window.onmove Window.onresize Window.onunload Window.open( ) Window.print( ) Window.prompt( ) Window.releaseEvents( ) Window.resizeBy( ) Window.resizeTo( ) Window.routeEvent( ) Window.scroll( ) Window.scrollBy( ) Window.scrollTo( ) Window.setInterval( ) Window.setTimeout( ) Window.status Window.stop( ) Part V: W3C DOM Reference Chapter 25. W3C DOM Reference Sample Entry AbstractView AbstractView.getComputedStyle( ) Attr CDATASection CharacterData CharacterData.appendData( ) CharacterData.deleteData( ) CharacterData.insertData( ) CharacterData.replaceData( ) CharacterData.substringData( ) Comment Counter CSS2Properties CSSCharsetRule CSSFontFaceRule CSSImportRule CSSMediaRule CSSMediaRule.deleteRule( ) CSSMediaRule.insertRule( ) CSSPageRule CSSPrimitiveValue CSSPrimitiveValue.getCounterValue( ) CSSPrimitiveValue.getFloatValue( ) CSSPrimitiveValue.getRectValue( ) CSSPrimitiveValue.getRGBColorValue( ) CSSPrimitiveValue.getStringValue( ) CSSPrimitiveValue.setFloatValue( ) CSSPrimitiveValue.setStringValue( ) CSSRule CSSRuleList CSSRuleList.item( ) CSSStyleDeclaration CSSStyleDeclaration.getPropertyCSSValue( ) CSSStyleDeclaration.getPropertyPriority( ) CSSStyleDeclaration.getPropertyValue( ) CSSStyleDeclaration.item( ) CSSStyleDeclaration.removeProperty( ) CSSStyleDeclaration.setProperty( ) CSSStyleRule CSSStyleSheet CSSStyleSheet.deleteRule( ) CSSStyleSheet.insertRule( ) CSSUnknownRule CSSValue CSSValueList CSSValueList.item( ) Document Document.createAttribute( ) Document.createAttributeNS( ) Document.createCDATASection( ) Document.createComment( ) Document.createDocumentFragment( ) Document.createElement( ) Document.createElementNS( ) Document.createEntityReference( ) Document.createEvent( ) Document.createNodeIterator( ) Document.createProcessingInstruction( ) Document.createRange( ) Document.createTextNode( ) Document.createTreeWalker( ) Document.getElementById( ) Document.getElementsByTagName( ) Document.getElementsByTagNameNS( ) Document.getOverrideStyle( ) Document.importNode( ) DocumentCSS DocumentEvent DocumentFragment DocumentRange DocumentStyle DocumentTraversal DocumentType DocumentView DOMException DOMImplementation DOMImplementation.createCSSStyleSheet( ) DOMImplementation.createDocument( ) DOMImplementation.createDocumentType( ) DOMImplementation.createHTMLDocument( ) DOMImplementation.hasFeature( ) DOMImplementationCSS Element Element.getAttribute( ) Element.getAttributeNode( ) Element.getAttributeNodeNS( ) Element.getAttributeNS( ) Element.getElementsByTagName( ) Element.getElementsByTagNameNS( ) Element.hasAttribute( ) Element.hasAttributeNS( ) Element.removeAttribute( ) Element.removeAttributeNode( ) Element.removeAttributeNS( ) Element.setAttribute( ) Element.setAttributeNode( ) Element.setAttributeNodeNS( ) Element.setAttributeNS( ) ElementCSSInlineStyle Entity EntityReference Event Event.initEvent( ) Event.preventDefault( ) Event.stopPropagation( ) EventException EventListener EventTarget EventTarget.addEventListener( ) EventTarget.dispatchEvent( ) EventTarget.removeEventListener( ) HTMLAnchorElement HTMLAnchorElement.blur( ) HTMLAnchorElement.focus( ) HTMLBodyElement HTMLCollection HTMLCollection.item( ) HTMLCollection.namedItem( ) HTMLDocument HTMLDocument.close( ) HTMLDocument.getElementById( ) HTMLDocument.getElementsByName( ) HTMLDocument.open( ) HTMLDocument.write( ) HTMLDocument.writeln( ) HTMLDOMImplementation HTMLElement HTMLFormElement HTMLFormElement.reset( ) HTMLFormElement.submit( ) HTMLInputElement HTMLInputElement.blur( ) HTMLInputElement.click( ) HTMLInputElement.focus( ) HTMLInputElement.select( ) HTMLOptionElement HTMLSelectElement HTMLSelectElement.add( ) HTMLSelectElement.blur( ) HTMLSelectElement.focus( ) HTMLSelectElement.remove( ) HTMLTableCaptionElement HTMLTableCellElement HTMLTableColElement HTMLTableElement HTMLTableElement.createCaption( ) HTMLTableElement.createTFoot( ) HTMLTableElement.createTHead( ) HTMLTableElement.deleteCaption( ) HTMLTableElement.deleteRow( ) HTMLTableElement.deleteTFoot( ) HTMLTableElement.deleteTHead( ) HTMLTableElement.insertRow( ) HTMLTableRowElement HTMLTableRowElement.deleteCell( ) HTMLTableRowElement.insertCell( ) HTMLTableSectionElement HTMLTableSectionElement.deleteRow( ) HTMLTableSectionElement.insertRow( ) HTMLTextAreaElement HTMLTextAreaElement.blur( ) HTMLTextAreaElement.focus( ) HTMLTextAreaElement.select( ) LinkStyle MediaList MediaList.appendMedium( ) MediaList.deleteMedium( ) MediaList.item( ) MouseEvent MouseEvent.initMouseEvent( ) MutationEvent MutationEvent.initMutationEvent( ) NamedNodeMap NamedNodeMap.getNamedItem( ) NamedNodeMap.getNamedItemNS( ) NamedNodeMap.item( ) NamedNodeMap.removeNamedItem( ) NamedNodeMap.removeNamedItemNS( ) NamedNodeMap.setNamedItem( ) NamedNodeMap.setNamedItemNS( ) Node Node.appendChild( ) Node.cloneNode( ) Node.hasAttributes( ) Node.hasChildNodes( ) Node.insertBefore( ) Node.isSupported( ) Node.normalize( ) Node.removeChild( ) Node.replaceChild( ) NodeFilter NodeIterator NodeIterator.detach( ) NodeIterator.nextNode( ) NodeIterator.previousNode( ) NodeList NodeList.item( ) Notation ProcessingInstruction Range Range.cloneContents( ) Range.cloneRange( ) Range.collapse( ) Range.compareBoundaryPoints( ) Range.deleteContents( ) Range.detach( ) Range.extractContents( ) Range.insertNode( ) Range.selectNode( ) Range.selectNodeContents( ) Range.setEnd( ) Range.setEndAfter( ) Range.setEndBefore( ) Range.setStart( ) Range.setStartAfter( ) Range.setStartBefore( ) Range.surroundContents( ) Range.toString( ) RangeException Rect RGBColor StyleSheet StyleSheetList StyleSheetList.item( ) Text Text.splitText( ) TreeWalker TreeWalker.firstChild( ) TreeWalker.lastChild( ) TreeWalker.nextNode( ) TreeWalker.nextSibling( ) TreeWalker.parentNode( ) TreeWalker.previousNode( ) TreeWalker.previousSibling( ) UIEvent UIEvent.initUIEvent( ) ViewCSS Part VI: Class, Property, Method, and Event Handler Index Chapter 26. Class, Property, Method, and Event Handler Index Section 26.1. A Section 26.2. B Section 26.3. C Section 26.4. D Section 26.5. E Section 26.6. F Section 26.7. G Section 26.8. H Section 26.9. I Section 26.10. J Section 26.11. K Section 26.12. L Section 26.13. M Section 26.14. N Section 26.15. O Section 26.16. P Section 26.17. Q Section 26.18. R Section 26.19. S Section 26.20. T Section 26.21. U Section 26.22. V Section 26.23. W Section 26.24. X Section 26.25. Y Section 26.26. Z
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值